عوامل موثر بر کارآفرینی در حوزه گردشگری سلامت: یک مرور حیطه‌ای
محورهای موضوعی : -مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانیزینب دارایی 1 , لیلا ریاحی 2 , انیسه نیک روان 3 , کامران حاجی نبی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت خدمات بهداشتی و درمانی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: کارآفرینی, مرور حیطه‌ای, گردشگری سلامت,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: امروزه، گردشگری سلامت یک مفهوم نسبتاً جدید با کاربرد سریع در حال رشد است. بنابراین، هدف مطالعه حاضر تعیین عوامل موثر بر کارآفرینی در حوزه گردشگری سلامت است. روش پژوهش: مطالعه حاضر یک مطالعه کاربردی می‌باشد که به صورت مرور نظامند (مرور حیطه‌ای) انجام شد. برای گردآوری داده‌ها، پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی PubMed، Scopus، Web of Science، Proquest، و Google Scholar در آگوست 2022 و جهت دست‌یابی به تمامی مستندات علمی در این زمینه بدون محدودیت زمانی و با کلیدواژه‌های کارآفرینی و گردشگری سلامت جستجو شدند. نرم‌افزار EndNote 20 برای مدیریت و غربالگری مقالات استفاده شد. موارد تکراری، اسکرین عناوین و چکیده، مشخصات مطالعات و مهم‌ترین نتایج حاصل از آنها در فرم گردآوری داده ثبت شد. تحلیل داده‌های کیفی به صورت متا سنتز انجام شد که از جمله روش‌های تحلیل محتواست و برای تحلیل داده‌ها از نرم افزار MaxQda 2018استفاده شد. یافته‌ها: از 2942 مقاله شناسایی شده، 27 مقاله ورود مطالعه شدند. بیشتر این مطالعات از کشور ایران، چین، روسیه انجام شده بودند. مهم‌ترین عوامل موثر بر کارآفرینی گردشگری سلامت شامل برنامه‌ریزی‌های راهبردی، تامین خدمات پشتیبانی هم‌چون اقامتگاه و بیمه، دسترسی به مراکز درمانی باکیفیت، ارائه خدمات باکیفیت، بازاریابی و تبلیغات مناسب، و استفاده از فناوری‌های جدید اطلاعاتی و ارتباطی در دسترسی به خدمات بود. نتیجه‌گیری: مدیران و سیاستگذاران سلامت لازم است که به واسطه نهادهای بالادستی زمینه تعیین قوانین و استانداردهای گردشگری سلامت، همکاری بین نهادهای دولتی و خصوصی، ارائه راهکارهایی به منظور نهادینه سازی گردشگری سلامت به ویژه در مناطق دارای پتانسیل‌های گردشگری را مورد توجه قرار دهند. این کار مستلزم تامین منابع مالی و انسانی کافی و تقویت مهارت‌ها و تفکرات کارآفرینانه در علاقمندان به این حوزه و بازاریابی در این خصوص است.
Introduction: Health tourism is a relatively new concept with rapidly growing application. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to determine the factors affecting health entrepreneurship in the field of health tourism. Methods: The present study is a practical study that was conducted as a systematic review (scoping review). To collecteing data, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Proquest, and Google Scholar databases were searched in August 2022 to obtain all scientific documents in this field without time limits and with the related keywords. EndNote 20 software was used to manage and screen articles. Duplicate cases, screen titles and abstracts, study characteristics, and the most important results were recorded in the data collection form. Due to the fact that our data analysis was qualitative data, it was done in the form of meta-synthesis, which is why the content analysis method was used for data analysis using MaxQda 2018 software. Results: Out of 2942 identified articles, 27 articles were included in the study. Most of these studies were conducted in Iran, China, and Russia. The most important factors affecting health tourism entrepreneurship include strategic planning, provision of support services such as accommodation and insurance, access to high-quality medical centers, providing high-quality services, appropriate marketing and advertising, and the use of new information and communication technologies in accessing services. . Conclusion: It is necessary for health managers and policymakers to pay attention to the establishment of laws and standards of health tourism, cooperation between government and private institutions, and providing solutions for the institutionalization of health tourism, especially in areas with tourism potential. This work requires providing sufficient financial and human resources and strengthening entrepreneurial skills and thinking in those interested in this field and marketing.
1- Amanjani AM, Nasiri M, Saeedi P, Azma F. Designing a leveling model for factors affecting strategic entrepreneurship in health tourism. medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2021; 64(5): 3996-4006.
2- Kamal S, nader s, Alireza R, Javad S. Identifying institutional factors influencing the exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities in health-tourism in Iran: A qualitative study of Tehran province. Journal of Social Studies Tourism, 2019; 7(1): 81-100.
3- Kaur P. Entrepreneurship in medical tourism industry. Int J Inf Mov, 2016; 1(5): 22-5.
4- Skountridaki L. Barriers to business relations between medical tourism facilitators and medical professionals. Tourism Management, 2017; 59: 254-66.
5- Seyyedamiri N, Rahmani Z, Hasangholi Pour T. Providing a framework for identifying and commercializing entrepreneurship opportunities in wellness industry. Journal of Tourism and Development, 2019; 8(2): 1-22.
6- Sattari B, Ziya B, Sakhdari K, Hosseini SR. Synthesis research in the study of the international entrepreneurial branding model in the health tourism industry. Journal of Tourism and Development, 2020; 9(2): 51-66.
7- Spa G. The global wellness tourism economy; 2017.
8- Mahdavi Y, Mardani S, Hashemidehaghi Z, Mardani N. The factors in development of health tourism in Iran. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 2013; 1(3): 113-8.
9- Jalilian N, Rezaei B, Badizadeh A. The effect of the antecedent of the formation of entrepreneurial ecosystem on the consequences of health tourism in Iran (Case study: Kermanshah province). The Journal of Modern Thoughts in Education, 2022; 17(3): 1-16.
10- Mohammadzadeh K. Model design of entrepreneurship university for medical universities. Journal of Health Promotion Management, 2015; 8(6): 1-10.
11- Kumar A, Dixit G. An analysis of barriers affecting the implementation of e-waste management practices in India: A novel ISM-DEMATEL approach. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 2018; 14: 36-52.
12- Tracy SJ. Qualitative research methods: Collecting evidence, crafting analysis, communicating impact: John Wiley & Sons; 2019.
13- Reisman DA. Health tourism: Social welfare through international trade: Edward Elgar Publishing; 2010.
14- Shayegh AH, Karampour A. Investigating the Factors Related to Entrepreneurship Development in Rural Health Tourism Innovation Case Study: Qalat Village. Tourism and Leisure Time, 2021; 6(11): 91-9.
15- Badulescu D, Badulescu A. Medical tourism: between entrepreneurship opportunities and bioethics boundaries: narrative review article. Iranian journal of public health, 2014; 43(4): 406-15.
16- Najjari H, Didehkhani H, Mostaghimi M, Hosseini SM. Identifying and prioritizing the dimensions of medical tourism with emphasis on technological entrepreneurship. Journal of Health Administration, 2021; 24(1): 11-22.
17- Rahman S. Medical tourism-entrepreneurship prospects in India's North East. IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature (IMPACT: IJRHAL), 2019; 7(1): 413-30.
18- Cem I, Kucukaltan EG, Çelebi SK, Çalkin Ö, Enser İ, Çelik A. Tourism and entrepreneurship: A literature review. Journal of Ekonomi, 2019; 1(1): 1-27.
19- Gholami M, Keshtvarz Hesam Abadi AM, Miladi S, Gholami M. A systematic review of the factors affecting the growth of medical tourism in Iran. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 2020; 8(1): 1-12.
20- Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O'Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of internal medicine, 2018; 169(7): 467-73.
21- Clarke V, Braun V, Hayfield N. Thematic analysis. Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods, 2015; 222(2015): 248.
22- Ahmadpour M, Mohammadkazemi R, Khademi M, Rezaei R. Identification and analysis of factors contributing to the promotion of destination attractiveness for the development of medical tourism business. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 2020; 12(4): 500-481.
23- Ayuningtyas D, Ariwibowo DA. The strategic role of information communication technology in succeeding medical tourism. Enfermeria Clinica, 2020; 30: 170-3.
24- Borg EA, Ljungbo K. International market-oriented strategies for medical tourism destinations. International Journal of Market Research, 2018; 60(6): 621-34.
25- Chakraborty P, Poddar M. Medical Tourism Opportunities in India: A Study on the Multispecialty Hospitals of Kolkata. Journal of Health Management, 2018; 20(4): 465-74.
26- Yang C-C, Shen C-C, Mao T-Y, Lo H-W, Pai C-J. A Hybrid Model for Assessing the Performance of Medical Tourism: Integration of Bayesian BWM and Grey PROMETHEE-AL. Journal of Function Spaces; 2022.
27- Darwazeh D, Clarke A, Wilson J. Framework for establishing a sustainable medical facility: a case study of medical tourism in Jordan. World, 2021; 3(2): 351.
28- Dryglas D, Lubowiecki-Vikuk A. The attractiveness of Poland as a medical tourism destination from the perspective of German and British consumers. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 2019; 7(2): 45-62.
29- Dunets A, Akimov O, Latysheva O. Factors influeincing health tourism development in Belokurikha Resort. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 2019; 9(3): 352-5.
30- Ghasemi M. Knowledge Management-oriented Innovation in Medical Tourism; 2018.
31- Ho L-H, Yi T. Constructing quality of service indicators and improvement strategies for medical tourism in Taiwan. Studies on Ethno-Medicine, 2014; 8(1): 23-31.
32- Johnston R, Crooks VA, Cerón A, Labonté R, Snyder J, Núñez EO, et al. Providers’ perspectives on inbound medical tourism in Central America and the Caribbean: factors driving and inhibiting sector development and their health equity implications. Global Health Action, 2016; 9(1): 32760.
33- Karadayi-Usta S, Serdarasan S. A collaborative framework for medical tourism service supply chain operations. Global Developments in Healthcare and Medical Tourism: IGI Global; 2020: 188-219.
34- Lunt NT, Mannion R, Exworthy M. A framework for exploring the policy implications of UK medical tourism and international patient flows. Social Policy & Administration, 2013; 47(1): 1-25.
35- Mayakul T, Kiattisin S, Prasad R. A sustainable medical tourism framework based on the enterprise architecture design: The case in Thailand. Journal of Green Engineering, 2018; 8(3): 359-88.
36- Mohezar S, Moghavvemi S, Zailani S. Malaysian Islamic medical tourism market: a SWOT analysis. Journal of Islamic Marketing.; 2017.
37- Nikraftar T, Falahati N. The process of developing an innovative medical tourism business in Iran. Iranian Journal of Economic Studies, 2020; 48(2): 335.
38- Panfiluk E, Szymańska E. The measurement of the innovativeness of health tourism services using an adequacy matrix title of the article. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 2017; 4(4): 400-20.
39- Rahman MK, Zailani S, Musa G. Tapping into the emerging Muslim-friendly medical tourism market: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing; 2017.
40- Rejeb A, Keogh JG, Treiblmaier H, editors. The impact of blockchain on medical tourism. Smart Business: Technology and Data Enabled Innovative Business Models and Practices: 18th Workshop on e-Business, WeB 2019, Munich, Germany, December 14, 2019, Revised Selected Papers 18; 2020: Springer.
41- Rydback M, Hyder AS. Customization in medical tourism in the Philippines. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing; 2018.
42- Shriedeh F. The impact of medical tourist relationship management dimensions on innovation capabilities. Business and Economic Research, 2019; 9(3): 70-86.
43- Snyder J, Crooks VA, Turner L, Johnston R. Understanding the impacts of medical tourism on health human resources in Barbados: a prospective, qualitative study of stakeholder perceptions. International journal for equity in health, 2013; 12: 1-11.
44- Ushakov D. The medical tourist product of Thailand: Key factors and promotion on Russian-speaking markets. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 2021; 37(3): 959-64.
45- Vovk V, Beztelesna L, Pliashko O. Identification of Factors for the Development of Medical Tourism in the World. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021; 18(21): 11205.
46- Vrkljan S, Hendija Z. Business performance of health tourism service providers in the Republic of Croatia. Acta Clinica Croatica, 2016; 55(1.): 79-85.
47- Hong YA. Medical tourism and telemedicine: A new frontier of an old business. Journal of medical internet research,. 2016; 18(5): e115.
48- George BP, Henthorne TL, Williams AJ. Determinants of satisfaction and dissatisfaction among preventive and curative medical tourists: a comparative analysis. International Journal of Behavioural and Healthcare Research, 2010; 2(1): 5-19.
49- Najjari H, Didehkhani H, Mostaghimi M, Hosseini SM. Determining the factors affecting medical tourism with emphasis on technological entrepreneurship in Iran. Journal of Health Administration, 2020; 23(1): 87-101.
50- KILAVUZ E. Medical tourism competition: The case of Turkey. International Journal of Health Management and Tourism, 2018; 3(1): 42-58.
51- Li H, Du Y, Xue T, Jenkins CL. Chinese medical tourism: review and research agenda. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism; 2022: 1-25.
52- Ratnasari RT, Gunawan S, Pitchay AA, Mohd Salleh MC. Sustainable medical tourism: Investigating health-care travel in Indonesia and Malaysia. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 2022; 15(3): 220-9.
53- Han H, Hyun SS. Customer retention in the medical tourism industry: Impact of quality, satisfaction, trust, and price reasonableness. Tourism Management, 2015; 46: 20-9.
54- Dehdashti Shahrokh Z, Nakhaei H. An Entropy (Shannon) Based Approach for Determining Importance Weights of Influencing Factors in Selecting Medical Tourism Destinations. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 2016; 4(4): 115-21.
55- Ghasemi M, Sahranavard SA, Alola UV, Hassanpoor E. Can cost and quality management-oriented innovation enhance patient satisfaction in medical tourist destination? Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism; 2022: 1-30.
56- Jabbari A, Delgoshaei B, Mardani R, Tabibi S. Medical tourism in Iran: Issues and challenges. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 2012; 1(1): 39-.
57- Taghipourian MJ, Eyni Mirhassanlo Ua-B. Effect of Foreign Health Tourists’ Satisfaction from Destination on Word of Mouth Advertising in Tehran's Hospitals. Journal of healthcare management, 2017; 8(3): 29-40.
58- abdolvand ma, bani asadi m. Explaining the phenomenological pattern of the concept of health tourism with an emphasis word of mouth advertising of health centers. Journal of healthcare management. 2010; 19(2): 7-22.
59- Çapar H, Aslan Ö. Factors affecting destination choice in medical tourism. International journal of travel medicine and global health, 2020; 8(2): 80-8.
_||_1- Amanjani AM, Nasiri M, Saeedi P, Azma F. Designing a leveling model for factors affecting strategic entrepreneurship in health tourism. medical Journal of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 2021; 64(5): 3996-4006.
2- Kamal S, nader s, Alireza R, Javad S. Identifying institutional factors influencing the exploitation of entrepreneurial opportunities in health-tourism in Iran: A qualitative study of Tehran province. Journal of Social Studies Tourism, 2019; 7(1): 81-100.
3- Kaur P. Entrepreneurship in medical tourism industry. Int J Inf Mov, 2016; 1(5): 22-5.
4- Skountridaki L. Barriers to business relations between medical tourism facilitators and medical professionals. Tourism Management, 2017; 59: 254-66.
5- Seyyedamiri N, Rahmani Z, Hasangholi Pour T. Providing a framework for identifying and commercializing entrepreneurship opportunities in wellness industry. Journal of Tourism and Development, 2019; 8(2): 1-22.
6- Sattari B, Ziya B, Sakhdari K, Hosseini SR. Synthesis research in the study of the international entrepreneurial branding model in the health tourism industry. Journal of Tourism and Development, 2020; 9(2): 51-66.
7- Spa G. The global wellness tourism economy; 2017.
8- Mahdavi Y, Mardani S, Hashemidehaghi Z, Mardani N. The factors in development of health tourism in Iran. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 2013; 1(3): 113-8.
9- Jalilian N, Rezaei B, Badizadeh A. The effect of the antecedent of the formation of entrepreneurial ecosystem on the consequences of health tourism in Iran (Case study: Kermanshah province). The Journal of Modern Thoughts in Education, 2022; 17(3): 1-16.
10- Mohammadzadeh K. Model design of entrepreneurship university for medical universities. Journal of Health Promotion Management, 2015; 8(6): 1-10.
11- Kumar A, Dixit G. An analysis of barriers affecting the implementation of e-waste management practices in India: A novel ISM-DEMATEL approach. Sustainable Production and Consumption, 2018; 14: 36-52.
12- Tracy SJ. Qualitative research methods: Collecting evidence, crafting analysis, communicating impact: John Wiley & Sons; 2019.
13- Reisman DA. Health tourism: Social welfare through international trade: Edward Elgar Publishing; 2010.
14- Shayegh AH, Karampour A. Investigating the Factors Related to Entrepreneurship Development in Rural Health Tourism Innovation Case Study: Qalat Village. Tourism and Leisure Time, 2021; 6(11): 91-9.
15- Badulescu D, Badulescu A. Medical tourism: between entrepreneurship opportunities and bioethics boundaries: narrative review article. Iranian journal of public health, 2014; 43(4): 406-15.
16- Najjari H, Didehkhani H, Mostaghimi M, Hosseini SM. Identifying and prioritizing the dimensions of medical tourism with emphasis on technological entrepreneurship. Journal of Health Administration, 2021; 24(1): 11-22.
17- Rahman S. Medical tourism-entrepreneurship prospects in India's North East. IMPACT: International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Literature (IMPACT: IJRHAL), 2019; 7(1): 413-30.
18- Cem I, Kucukaltan EG, Çelebi SK, Çalkin Ö, Enser İ, Çelik A. Tourism and entrepreneurship: A literature review. Journal of Ekonomi, 2019; 1(1): 1-27.
19- Gholami M, Keshtvarz Hesam Abadi AM, Miladi S, Gholami M. A systematic review of the factors affecting the growth of medical tourism in Iran. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 2020; 8(1): 1-12.
20- Tricco AC, Lillie E, Zarin W, O'Brien KK, Colquhoun H, Levac D, et al. PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation. Annals of internal medicine, 2018; 169(7): 467-73.
21- Clarke V, Braun V, Hayfield N. Thematic analysis. Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods, 2015; 222(2015): 248.
22- Ahmadpour M, Mohammadkazemi R, Khademi M, Rezaei R. Identification and analysis of factors contributing to the promotion of destination attractiveness for the development of medical tourism business. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 2020; 12(4): 500-481.
23- Ayuningtyas D, Ariwibowo DA. The strategic role of information communication technology in succeeding medical tourism. Enfermeria Clinica, 2020; 30: 170-3.
24- Borg EA, Ljungbo K. International market-oriented strategies for medical tourism destinations. International Journal of Market Research, 2018; 60(6): 621-34.
25- Chakraborty P, Poddar M. Medical Tourism Opportunities in India: A Study on the Multispecialty Hospitals of Kolkata. Journal of Health Management, 2018; 20(4): 465-74.
26- Yang C-C, Shen C-C, Mao T-Y, Lo H-W, Pai C-J. A Hybrid Model for Assessing the Performance of Medical Tourism: Integration of Bayesian BWM and Grey PROMETHEE-AL. Journal of Function Spaces; 2022.
27- Darwazeh D, Clarke A, Wilson J. Framework for establishing a sustainable medical facility: a case study of medical tourism in Jordan. World, 2021; 3(2): 351.
28- Dryglas D, Lubowiecki-Vikuk A. The attractiveness of Poland as a medical tourism destination from the perspective of German and British consumers. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 2019; 7(2): 45-62.
29- Dunets A, Akimov O, Latysheva O. Factors influeincing health tourism development in Belokurikha Resort. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 2019; 9(3): 352-5.
30- Ghasemi M. Knowledge Management-oriented Innovation in Medical Tourism; 2018.
31- Ho L-H, Yi T. Constructing quality of service indicators and improvement strategies for medical tourism in Taiwan. Studies on Ethno-Medicine, 2014; 8(1): 23-31.
32- Johnston R, Crooks VA, Cerón A, Labonté R, Snyder J, Núñez EO, et al. Providers’ perspectives on inbound medical tourism in Central America and the Caribbean: factors driving and inhibiting sector development and their health equity implications. Global Health Action, 2016; 9(1): 32760.
33- Karadayi-Usta S, Serdarasan S. A collaborative framework for medical tourism service supply chain operations. Global Developments in Healthcare and Medical Tourism: IGI Global; 2020: 188-219.
34- Lunt NT, Mannion R, Exworthy M. A framework for exploring the policy implications of UK medical tourism and international patient flows. Social Policy & Administration, 2013; 47(1): 1-25.
35- Mayakul T, Kiattisin S, Prasad R. A sustainable medical tourism framework based on the enterprise architecture design: The case in Thailand. Journal of Green Engineering, 2018; 8(3): 359-88.
36- Mohezar S, Moghavvemi S, Zailani S. Malaysian Islamic medical tourism market: a SWOT analysis. Journal of Islamic Marketing.; 2017.
37- Nikraftar T, Falahati N. The process of developing an innovative medical tourism business in Iran. Iranian Journal of Economic Studies, 2020; 48(2): 335.
38- Panfiluk E, Szymańska E. The measurement of the innovativeness of health tourism services using an adequacy matrix title of the article. Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 2017; 4(4): 400-20.
39- Rahman MK, Zailani S, Musa G. Tapping into the emerging Muslim-friendly medical tourism market: Evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing; 2017.
40- Rejeb A, Keogh JG, Treiblmaier H, editors. The impact of blockchain on medical tourism. Smart Business: Technology and Data Enabled Innovative Business Models and Practices: 18th Workshop on e-Business, WeB 2019, Munich, Germany, December 14, 2019, Revised Selected Papers 18; 2020: Springer.
41- Rydback M, Hyder AS. Customization in medical tourism in the Philippines. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing; 2018.
42- Shriedeh F. The impact of medical tourist relationship management dimensions on innovation capabilities. Business and Economic Research, 2019; 9(3): 70-86.
43- Snyder J, Crooks VA, Turner L, Johnston R. Understanding the impacts of medical tourism on health human resources in Barbados: a prospective, qualitative study of stakeholder perceptions. International journal for equity in health, 2013; 12: 1-11.
44- Ushakov D. The medical tourist product of Thailand: Key factors and promotion on Russian-speaking markets. Geo Journal of Tourism and Geosites, 2021; 37(3): 959-64.
45- Vovk V, Beztelesna L, Pliashko O. Identification of Factors for the Development of Medical Tourism in the World. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021; 18(21): 11205.
46- Vrkljan S, Hendija Z. Business performance of health tourism service providers in the Republic of Croatia. Acta Clinica Croatica, 2016; 55(1.): 79-85.
47- Hong YA. Medical tourism and telemedicine: A new frontier of an old business. Journal of medical internet research,. 2016; 18(5): e115.
48- George BP, Henthorne TL, Williams AJ. Determinants of satisfaction and dissatisfaction among preventive and curative medical tourists: a comparative analysis. International Journal of Behavioural and Healthcare Research, 2010; 2(1): 5-19.
49- Najjari H, Didehkhani H, Mostaghimi M, Hosseini SM. Determining the factors affecting medical tourism with emphasis on technological entrepreneurship in Iran. Journal of Health Administration, 2020; 23(1): 87-101.
50- KILAVUZ E. Medical tourism competition: The case of Turkey. International Journal of Health Management and Tourism, 2018; 3(1): 42-58.
51- Li H, Du Y, Xue T, Jenkins CL. Chinese medical tourism: review and research agenda. Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism; 2022: 1-25.
52- Ratnasari RT, Gunawan S, Pitchay AA, Mohd Salleh MC. Sustainable medical tourism: Investigating health-care travel in Indonesia and Malaysia. International Journal of Healthcare Management, 2022; 15(3): 220-9.
53- Han H, Hyun SS. Customer retention in the medical tourism industry: Impact of quality, satisfaction, trust, and price reasonableness. Tourism Management, 2015; 46: 20-9.
54- Dehdashti Shahrokh Z, Nakhaei H. An Entropy (Shannon) Based Approach for Determining Importance Weights of Influencing Factors in Selecting Medical Tourism Destinations. International Journal of Travel Medicine and Global Health, 2016; 4(4): 115-21.
55- Ghasemi M, Sahranavard SA, Alola UV, Hassanpoor E. Can cost and quality management-oriented innovation enhance patient satisfaction in medical tourist destination? Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality & Tourism; 2022: 1-30.
56- Jabbari A, Delgoshaei B, Mardani R, Tabibi S. Medical tourism in Iran: Issues and challenges. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 2012; 1(1): 39-.
57- Taghipourian MJ, Eyni Mirhassanlo Ua-B. Effect of Foreign Health Tourists’ Satisfaction from Destination on Word of Mouth Advertising in Tehran's Hospitals. Journal of healthcare management, 2017; 8(3): 29-40.
58- abdolvand ma, bani asadi m. Explaining the phenomenological pattern of the concept of health tourism with an emphasis word of mouth advertising of health centers. Journal of healthcare management. 2010; 19(2): 7-22.
59- Çapar H, Aslan Ö. Factors affecting destination choice in medical tourism. International journal of travel medicine and global health, 2020; 8(2): 80-8.