هنجاریابی آزمون ذهنی ـ حرکتی خردسالان 30-1 ماهه مادران شاغل در مراکز درمانی
محورهای موضوعی : -کتابداری و اطلاع‌رسانی پزشکی
مهتاب معتمد
1
(دانشجوی دکترای رشته روانشناسی بالینی، دانشگاه عدالت، تهران ، ایران)
هادی بهرامی
2
(استاد، گروه روانشناسی،دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران ،ایران)
جاوید پیمانی
3
(استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،کرج، ایران)
کلید واژه: خردسالان, رشد ذهنی ـ حرکتی, ساختار عاملی, مراکز درمانی,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: اندازه‌گیری به عنوان یکی از اهداف مهم در حیطه رشد، متخصصان را قادر به بررسی تغییرات و تشخیص تأخیرهای رشدی و کسب بینش در مورد راهکارهای آموزشی می‌کند. یکی از معتبرترین و مهم‌ترین مقیاس‌های سنجش رشدی در کودکان خردسال توسط ادوت برونه و ایرن لزین در فرانسه طراحی شده است ؛ اما استفاده از این مقیاس در ایران منوط به بررسی روایی و پایایی آن است. پژوهش حاضر به منظور بررسی ساختار عاملی، پایایی و روایی این مقیاس در خردسالان ایرانی مادران شاغل در مراکز درمانی با توجه به موقعیت شغلی آنها انجام یافته است.روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر در مقوله طرح های توصیفی و زمینه یابی قرار می گیرد. همچنین با توجه به مقایسه مؤلفه های مقیاس ذهنی ـ حرکتی در دو جنس طرح از نوع علی ـ مقایسه ای نیز می باشد. نمونه پژوهشی شامل536 کودک خردسال مادران شاغل در مراکز درمانی مادران شاغل در مراکز درمانی ( 327 دختر و 209 پسر) با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری در دسترس است.یافته‌ها: نتایج آلفای کرونباخ نشان‌دهنده پایایی مناسب خرده‌مقیاس‌ها بود. ضریب پایایی برای هر یک از خرده‌مقیاس‌ها با استفاده از آلفای کرونباخ عبارت بودند از: خرده‌مقیاس کنترل وضعیت بدن 0/76، خرده‌مقیاس هماهنگی چشمی حرکتی 0/74، خرده‌مقیاس زبان گفتاری شنیداری 0/58، خرده‌مقیاس اجتماع‌پذیری 0/77 و آلفای کرونباخ به دست‌آمده برای کل مقیاس 0/89 است. با روش تحلیل عاملی تأییدی 4 عامل استخراج گردید. این 4 عامل عبارتند از: کنترل وضعیت بدن، هماهنگی چشمی حرکتی، زبان گفتاری شنیداری و اجتماع‌پذیری.نتیجه‌گیری: بر طبق نتایج این پژوهش مقیاس رشد ذهنی ـ حرکتی کودکان برونه و لزین واجد ویژگی‌های روان‌سنجی مورد نیاز برای کاربرد در پژوهش‌های روان‌شناختی در رابطه با خردسالان است.
Introduction: Measurement as one of the important objectives in developmental domains enables the scholars to study developmental changes and retardation and provides insights into educational solutions. One of the most important and reliable scales for measuring development in younger children was designed by Brunet and Lezine in France; But, to use it in Iran, its reliability and validity are required to be assessed. The present research was carried out to study factor structure, reliability and validity of the scale for Iranian infants of mothers who work at medical centers by considering their job position. Methods: This is a descriptive survey project. Also, given the comparison of the elements of mental and motor scale for two genders in the project, it is also causal-comparative. The research sample include 536 younger children of mothers who work at medical centers (327 girls and 209 boys) selected by convenience sampling. Results: The results of Cronbach’s Alpha showed an acceptable level of reliability for most of sub scales. Reliability coefficient for each of subscales included: positional control of body 0.76, ocular-motor co-ordination 0.74, listening and speaking language subscale 0.58, sociability subscale 0.77, and Cronbach’s Alpha for total scale 0.89. By using factor analysis, we extracted 4 factors: positional control of body, ocular-motor co-ordination, listening and speaking language, and sociability. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that children mental and motor development BRUNET-LÉZINE scale has the psychometric properties to be utilized in psychological researches about younger children.
1- Simsek Z., Zeyrek FY, Kurcer MA. Effect of Giardia infection on growth and psychomotor development of children aged 0–5 years, Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2004; 50(2): 90-93.
2- Kramer MS, Aboud F, Mironova E, Vanilovich I, Platt RW, Matush L, Collet JP. Breastfeeding and child cognitive development: new evidence from a large randomized trial, Archives of General Psychiatry, 2008; 65(5): 578-584.
3- Nekkebroeck J, Bonduelle M, Desmyttere S, Van den Broeck W, Ponjaert-Kristoffersen I. Mental and psychomotor development of 2-year-old children born after, Human Reproduction, 2008; 23(7): 1560-1566.
4- Kellert S.R. Experiencing nature: Affective, cognitive and evaluative development in children, Children and nature: Psychological, sociocultural and evolutionary investigations, 2002; 117-151.
5- Jacobsen T, Hofmann V. Children's attachment representations: longitudinal relations to school behavior and academic competency in middle childhood and adolescence, Developmental Psychology, 33(4); 1997: 703-710.
6- Vinkhuyzen A.A, Van der Sluis S, Posthuma D, Boomsma D.I. The heritability of aptitude and exceptional talent across different domains in adolescents and young adults, Behavior Genetics, 2009; 39(4): 380-39.
7- Cardoso F.G.C, Formiga C.K.M.R, Bizinotto T, Tessler R.B, Rosa F. Concurrent validity of the BRUNET-LÉZINE scale with the BAYLEY scale for assessment of the development of preterm infants up to two years, Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 2017; 35(2): 144.
8- Adrien J.L, Barthelemy C, Perrot A, Roux S, Lenoir P, Hameury L, Sauvage D. Validity and reliability of the infant behavioral summarized evaluation (IBSE): A rating scale for the assessment of young children with autism and developmental disorders, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1992; 22(3): 375-394.
9- Blanc R, Adrien J.L, Roux S, Barthélémy C. Dysregulation of pretend play and communication development in children with autism, Autism, 2005; 9(3): 229-245.
10- Bulteau C, Jambaque I, Viguier D, Kieffer V, Dellatolas G, Dulac O. Epileptic syndromes, cognitive assessment and school placement: A study of 251 children, Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 2000; 42(5): 319-327.
11- Norouzzadeh A, Alimohammadzadeh KH, Relationship Between Social Skills and Social health; the Aadjusting Role of Social Support for Employee’s and Nurses of Guilan Health Network,Journal of Healthcare Management, 2021; 12 (2): 31-44.[In Persian].
12- Jafari Z, Ashayeri H, Malayeri S, Alaeddini F. Reliability and validity of "Newsha's hearing, language and speech development test" in children up to 6 years old Persian language, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Sciences Research, 2009, 8(3): 271 – 278. [In Persian]
13- Faramarzi S, Kiani M, Lahijanian Z. Construct Validity and Reliability of the Language Development Scale of Children. Educational Measurement Quarterly, Allameh Tabataba'i University, 2018; 8(31): 1-31. [In Persian]
14- Zareipour M, Islamloo H.R, Ghelichi Ghojoghm M. Evaluation of developmental development of children in the first year of life based on ASQ questionnaire, Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 2017; 4 (2): 1-31. [In Persian]
_||_1- Simsek Z., Zeyrek FY, Kurcer MA. Effect of Giardia infection on growth and psychomotor development of children aged 0–5 years, Journal of Tropical Pediatrics, 2004; 50(2): 90-93.
2- Kramer MS, Aboud F, Mironova E, Vanilovich I, Platt RW, Matush L, Collet JP. Breastfeeding and child cognitive development: new evidence from a large randomized trial, Archives of General Psychiatry, 2008; 65(5): 578-584.
3- Nekkebroeck J, Bonduelle M, Desmyttere S, Van den Broeck W, Ponjaert-Kristoffersen I. Mental and psychomotor development of 2-year-old children born after, Human Reproduction, 2008; 23(7): 1560-1566.
4- Kellert S.R. Experiencing nature: Affective, cognitive and evaluative development in children, Children and nature: Psychological, sociocultural and evolutionary investigations, 2002; 117-151.
5- Jacobsen T, Hofmann V. Children's attachment representations: longitudinal relations to school behavior and academic competency in middle childhood and adolescence, Developmental Psychology, 33(4); 1997: 703-710.
6- Vinkhuyzen A.A, Van der Sluis S, Posthuma D, Boomsma D.I. The heritability of aptitude and exceptional talent across different domains in adolescents and young adults, Behavior Genetics, 2009; 39(4): 380-39.
7- Cardoso F.G.C, Formiga C.K.M.R, Bizinotto T, Tessler R.B, Rosa F. Concurrent validity of the BRUNET-LÉZINE scale with the BAYLEY scale for assessment of the development of preterm infants up to two years, Revista Paulista de Pediatria, 2017; 35(2): 144.
8- Adrien J.L, Barthelemy C, Perrot A, Roux S, Lenoir P, Hameury L, Sauvage D. Validity and reliability of the infant behavioral summarized evaluation (IBSE): A rating scale for the assessment of young children with autism and developmental disorders, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 1992; 22(3): 375-394.
9- Blanc R, Adrien J.L, Roux S, Barthélémy C. Dysregulation of pretend play and communication development in children with autism, Autism, 2005; 9(3): 229-245.
10- Bulteau C, Jambaque I, Viguier D, Kieffer V, Dellatolas G, Dulac O. Epileptic syndromes, cognitive assessment and school placement: A study of 251 children, Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 2000; 42(5): 319-327.
11- Norouzzadeh A, Alimohammadzadeh KH, Relationship Between Social Skills and Social health; the Aadjusting Role of Social Support for Employee’s and Nurses of Guilan Health Network,Journal of Healthcare Management, 2021; 12 (2): 31-44.[In Persian].
12- Jafari Z, Ashayeri H, Malayeri S, Alaeddini F. Reliability and validity of "Newsha's hearing, language and speech development test" in children up to 6 years old Persian language, Health Metrics Research Center, Iranian Institute for Sciences Research, 2009, 8(3): 271 – 278. [In Persian]
13- Faramarzi S, Kiani M, Lahijanian Z. Construct Validity and Reliability of the Language Development Scale of Children. Educational Measurement Quarterly, Allameh Tabataba'i University, 2018; 8(31): 1-31. [In Persian]
14- Zareipour M, Islamloo H.R, Ghelichi Ghojoghm M. Evaluation of developmental development of children in the first year of life based on ASQ questionnaire, Journal of Pediatric Nursing, 2017; 4 (2): 1-31. [In Persian]