بررسی نقش مؤلفه‌های قدرت مدیران در ویژگی‌های کارآفرینی کارکنان (مطالعه موردی کارکنان بیمارستان‌های شهرستان میاندوآب)
محورهای موضوعی : -مدارک پزشکیفرهاد محبوب خواه 1 , یوسف بیگ زاده 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت دولتی، واحد بناب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بناب، ایران
2 - استادیار، گروه مدیریت دولتی، واحد بناب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بناب، ایران
کلید واژه: قدرت مدیران, شبکه بهداشت میاندوآب, رضایت شغلی, کارآفرینی کارکنان,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده مقدمه: تحول‌های اخیر در سیستم‌های اجتماعی و اقتصادی، فرصت‌ها و تهدیدهایی بوجود آورده‌اند که مواجهه با آنها نیازمند راه‌حل‌های خلاقانه است. کارآفرینی قابلیتی است که نظام‌های امروزی را در این برهه حساس نجات داده و بقای آنها را تضمین می‌کند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین نقش مؤلفه‌های قدرت مدیران بر کارآفرینی کارکنان در بیمارستان‌های شهرستان میاندوآب انجام شده است. روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر براساس هدف یک تحقیق کاربردی و براساس گردآوری و تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی همبستگی مبتنی بر معادلات ساختاری است. ابزارهای گردآوری دادهها شامل پرسش‌نامه‌های منابع قدرت هینکین و شرایخیم (1989) و پرسش‌نامه ویژگی‌های شخصیتی کارآفرینی مرکز کارآفرینی دارهام بود. پایائی و روائی ابزار گردآوری دادهها براساس آزمون‌های مربوط مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. نمونه مورد نظر از جدول مورگان به تعداد 260 نفر (53 نفرمدیران و 207نفرکارکنان) انتخاب شدند. جهت تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از مدل سازی معادلات ساختاری به روش حداقل مربعات جزئی استفاده شد. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد قدرت مرجعیت(β=0.421,t=4.104)، تخصص(β=0.266,t=3.637) و پاداش(β=0.245,t=3.063) در کارآفرینی کارکنان نقش داشتند ولی قدرت های قانون و اجبار در کارآفرینی کارکنان نقشی نداشتند. همچنین مؤلفه های قدرت مدیران روی هم رفته 371/0 از تغییرات کارآفرینی کارکنان را پیش بینی می کردند. نتیجه گیری: مدیران می توانند با استفاده درست از مؤلفه های قدرت(مرجعیت، تخصص و پاداش) موجب بروز و تقویت ویژگی های کارآفرینی در کارکنان شوند و به تبع آن موفقیت سازمان را تضمین نمایند.
Introduction: Recent events of social and economic systems are created opportunities and threats that creative solutions are needed to deal with them. Entrepreneurship is a feature that saves the modern systems at this critical juncture and ensures their survival. This study is aimed to determine the components of managers’ power on employees’ entrepreneurship at hospitals of Miandoab city. Methods: The aim of this study is based on an applied research and based on collecting method and analyzing data is types of descriptive and correlational researches and it is, particularly, based on structural equation modeling. Data collecting tools were included Hinkin and Schriesheim’s (1989) power scales and Entrepreneurship Centre of Durham’s entrepreneurship personality features questionnaire. Reliability and Validity of the data collecting tool were confirmed by tests. A sample of 260 subjects (53 managers and 207 employees) was selected from Morgan table. In order to analyze data was used structural equation modeling. Results: The results showed that Referent power (β=0.421, t=4.102), Expert power (β=0.266, t=3.637) and Reward power (β=0.245, t=3.063) were involved in employees’ entrepreneurship but Legitimate and Coercive powers played no role in it. Also, the components of managers’ power were predicting altogether 0.371 of employees’ entrepreneurship changes. Conclusion: managers can use the component of power (referent, expert and reward) has caused to declare and to strengthen these characteristics in employees and consequently, it ensures success of the organization.
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2- Rahimi M, Safarkani MH, Abdolmanafi S, Sadeghi A, Mohammadi R. Investigation of the relationship between power resources used by managers and staff productivity in the selected hospitals of Kurdistan university of Medical Sciences. Sadra Medsciy, 2014; 2(3): 269-278. [Persian]
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8- Aahmadpourdaryani M. Entrepreneurship “definition, theory and models”. Thehran: Mehrab of ghalam publication; 2005; 2. [in Persian]
9- Ardichvili A, Cardozo R, Ray S. A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and development. Journal of Business venturing 2003; 18(1): 105-123.
10- Porvaghaz A, Mohammadi A. Investigate of the relationship between managerial power with entrepreneurial personality characteristics of employees. Public Management Research, 2011; 3(12): 111-130. [Persian]
11- Pardakhtchi MH, Herdari M, Shafeezade evalvate the effectiveness of management in the field of education for entrepreneurs, 2008; 26: 71-100. [Persian]
12- Nasiripour A. Raeissi P. Hosseini F. Individual Features Affecting organizational Entreprenurship development in Iranian public Hospitals. Journal of Medical Sciences of Rafsanjan, 2013; 12(9): 681-694. [Persian]
13- Dunham RB. Individual and organizational strategies for coping with organizational power. Academy of management, 2002; 21: 73-80.
14- Cho S. The power of public relations in media relations: A national survey of health practitioners. Journalism and mass communication quarterly, 2006; 83(3): 563-580.
15- Weber M. The theory of social and economic organization, New York: Free Press; 1947: 54.
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18- Rezaeiyan A. Management of organizational behavior. Tehran: samt; 2006: 404. [in Persian]
19- Kruzic D. Pavic I. Students entrepreneurial characteristics. Epirical evidence from Croatia. The Business review Cambridge, 2010; 14(2): 216-221.
20- Gurol Y. Atsan N. Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students some insights for entrepreneurship education and training in Turkey. Education & Training, 2006; 48(1): 25-38.
21- Hase H. Lautenschlager A. Theteach ability dilemma of entrepreneurship. International entrepreneurship and management journal, 2010; 6(1): 61-73.
22- Furnham A. Bachtiar V. Personality and intelligence as predictors of creativity. Personality and Individual differences, 2008; 45(7): 613-617.
23- Cools, E. Broeck H. V. The hunt for the heffalump continues: can trait and cognitive characteristic predict entrepreneurial orientation?. Journal of small business strategy, 2008; 18(2): 23-41.
24- Arslan C. Dilmac B. HAmartaa E. Coping with strees and trait anxiety in terms of locus of comtrol: astudy with Turkish university students. Social behavior and personality, 2009; 37(6): 791-800.
25- Mohammadi A. Pourvaghaz A. The relationship between thinking with manager’s power of schools. New approachesin education management, 2013; 4(3); 117-138. [Persian]
26- Mohammadi HR. Ahmadi E. Shayanjahromi Sh. Investigate the relationship between personality traits with tend for entrepreneurship. Sociology of women, 2013; 2(1): 99-120. [Persian]
27- Howard S. Developing entrepreneurial potential in youth: The effects entrepreneurial education and venture creation. University of south florida repot, 2004; 4(2): 3-17.
28- Sohrabi N, Shahtalebi B, Ahmadi Gh. The relationship between powers Resource manager with organizational Culture in schools. Science and research in education science, 2009; 6(21): 79-100. [Persian]
29- Hair, J.F, Black, W.C, Babin, B.J, Anderson, R.E, & Tatham, R.L. Multivariate data analysis. 6, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2006:78-120.
30- Hamidiyanpour F. Sadat Mansorabadi F. The effect of transformational leadership on organizational culture. Tomorrow management, 2017; 15: 93-107. [Persian]
31- Hsanzadeh A. Investigating the relationship between managers power resources with entrepreneurship of governmental administration employees in miandoab city. M.A. Thesis. Bonab: Islamic Azad University; 2014.
32- Jalilvand MA, Nasrolahi Vosta L. Examining the relationship between managerial power and affective organization commitment. Sport, Business and management: An International journal, 2015; 5(4): 344-364.
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1- Alagheband, A. Theoretical foundations and principles of educational administration. Tehran: Ravan publication; 2007: 33-53. [in Persian]
2- Rahimi M, Safarkani MH, Abdolmanafi S, Sadeghi A, Mohammadi R. Investigation of the relationship between power resources used by managers and staff productivity in the selected hospitals of Kurdistan university of Medical Sciences. Sadra Medsciy, 2014; 2(3): 269-278. [Persian]
3- Jamshidi A. principles of organization and management. Tehran: Eshragh publication; 2010: 53-65.
4- Haghighi MA. Management of organizational behavior. Tehran: Tehran publication; 2002: 402. [in Persian]
5- Shams A, Samooei R, porriahi H. The Relation between cooperation of employees and sources of manager’s power in state hospitals of Isfahan. Health information management, 2011; 7: 577-585. [in Persian]
6- Nazem F. Entrepreneurial managers and It’s components in different areas of the Azad university. New ideas in education sciea journal 2008; 2(2): 11-33. [Persian]
7- Pardakhtchi MH. Areview of organization entrepreneurship. Tehran: Arasbaran publication; 2007: 12. [in Persian]
8- Aahmadpourdaryani M. Entrepreneurship “definition, theory and models”. Thehran: Mehrab of ghalam publication; 2005; 2. [in Persian]
9- Ardichvili A, Cardozo R, Ray S. A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and development. Journal of Business venturing 2003; 18(1): 105-123.
10- Porvaghaz A, Mohammadi A. Investigate of the relationship between managerial power with entrepreneurial personality characteristics of employees. Public Management Research, 2011; 3(12): 111-130. [Persian]
11- Pardakhtchi MH, Herdari M, Shafeezade evalvate the effectiveness of management in the field of education for entrepreneurs, 2008; 26: 71-100. [Persian]
12- Nasiripour A. Raeissi P. Hosseini F. Individual Features Affecting organizational Entreprenurship development in Iranian public Hospitals. Journal of Medical Sciences of Rafsanjan, 2013; 12(9): 681-694. [Persian]
13- Dunham RB. Individual and organizational strategies for coping with organizational power. Academy of management, 2002; 21: 73-80.
14- Cho S. The power of public relations in media relations: A national survey of health practitioners. Journalism and mass communication quarterly, 2006; 83(3): 563-580.
15- Weber M. The theory of social and economic organization, New York: Free Press; 1947: 54.
16- Morhed G. RiGi G. Organizational behavior. Tehran: Morvarid publication; 2008: 33-440. [in Persian]
17- Rezaeiyan A. political behavior in organization management (Advanced management of organizational behavior). Tehran: samt; 2007: 240. [in Persian]
18- Rezaeiyan A. Management of organizational behavior. Tehran: samt; 2006: 404. [in Persian]
19- Kruzic D. Pavic I. Students entrepreneurial characteristics. Epirical evidence from Croatia. The Business review Cambridge, 2010; 14(2): 216-221.
20- Gurol Y. Atsan N. Entrepreneurial characteristics amongst university students some insights for entrepreneurship education and training in Turkey. Education & Training, 2006; 48(1): 25-38.
21- Hase H. Lautenschlager A. Theteach ability dilemma of entrepreneurship. International entrepreneurship and management journal, 2010; 6(1): 61-73.
22- Furnham A. Bachtiar V. Personality and intelligence as predictors of creativity. Personality and Individual differences, 2008; 45(7): 613-617.
23- Cools, E. Broeck H. V. The hunt for the heffalump continues: can trait and cognitive characteristic predict entrepreneurial orientation?. Journal of small business strategy, 2008; 18(2): 23-41.
24- Arslan C. Dilmac B. HAmartaa E. Coping with strees and trait anxiety in terms of locus of comtrol: astudy with Turkish university students. Social behavior and personality, 2009; 37(6): 791-800.
25- Mohammadi A. Pourvaghaz A. The relationship between thinking with manager’s power of schools. New approachesin education management, 2013; 4(3); 117-138. [Persian]
26- Mohammadi HR. Ahmadi E. Shayanjahromi Sh. Investigate the relationship between personality traits with tend for entrepreneurship. Sociology of women, 2013; 2(1): 99-120. [Persian]
27- Howard S. Developing entrepreneurial potential in youth: The effects entrepreneurial education and venture creation. University of south florida repot, 2004; 4(2): 3-17.
28- Sohrabi N, Shahtalebi B, Ahmadi Gh. The relationship between powers Resource manager with organizational Culture in schools. Science and research in education science, 2009; 6(21): 79-100. [Persian]
29- Hair, J.F, Black, W.C, Babin, B.J, Anderson, R.E, & Tatham, R.L. Multivariate data analysis. 6, Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall; 2006:78-120.
30- Hamidiyanpour F. Sadat Mansorabadi F. The effect of transformational leadership on organizational culture. Tomorrow management, 2017; 15: 93-107. [Persian]
31- Hsanzadeh A. Investigating the relationship between managers power resources with entrepreneurship of governmental administration employees in miandoab city. M.A. Thesis. Bonab: Islamic Azad University; 2014.
32- Jalilvand MA, Nasrolahi Vosta L. Examining the relationship between managerial power and affective organization commitment. Sport, Business and management: An International journal, 2015; 5(4): 344-364.