بهبود کارایی در توانمندیهای نوآوری فناورانه و رقابتپذیری شرکتهای داروسازی با اعمال هوشمندی فناوری با استفاده از تحلیل پوششی دادهها
محورهای موضوعی : -مدارک پزشکیعلی بنیادی نائینی 1 , مهناز احدزاده نمین 2 , علی امینی 3
1 - استادیار گروه مدیریت و مهندسی کسب و کار، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه ریاضی کاربردی، واحد شهر قدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - کارشناسیارشد مدیریت تکنولوژی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران،
کلید واژه: هوشمندی فناوری, رقابتپذیری, تحلیل پوششی دادهها (DEA), توانمندیهای نوآوری فناورانه,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: شرکتهای داروسازی به عنوان شرکتهایی راهبردی با ماهیت رقابتپذیری از سهمی قابل توجه در مزیت رقابتی کشور برخوردار هستند. بنابراین مسئله رقابتپذیری در چنین شرکتهایی در عصر حاضر به موضوعی مهم و چالشی تبدیل شده است. در محیطهای پیچیده رقابتی، تنها سازمانهایی میتوانند به رقابتپذیری خود ادامه دهند که عملکرد خود را در توانمندیهای نوآوری فناورانه تقویت نمایند. توانمندیهای نوآوری فناورانه نیز از دادهها و اطلاعات جدید و بروز در حوزه فناوری بهره میبرد که خود نیازمند هوشمندی فناوری میباشد. از اینرو در این پژوهش به دنبال ارزیابی اثرات هوشمندی فناوری بر کارایی توانمندیهای نوآوری فناورانه و رقابتپذیری شرکتهای داروسازی میباشیم. روش پژوهش: این پژوهش از نظر هدف، کاربردی و از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است و برای جمعآوری اطلاعات از روش کتابخانهای و میدانی استفاده شده است. دادههای این پژوهش از 55 شرکت فعال در صنعت داروسازی استخراج گردیده و به کمک روش تحلیل پوششی دادههای شبکهای به تجزیه و تحلیل آنها پرداخته شده و کارایی شرکتهای مورد نظر، با و بدون هوشمندی فناوری ارزیابی شده است. یافتهها: در این پژوهش مشخص شد که بکارگیری هوشمندی فناوری بر کارایی توانمندیهای نوآوری فناورانه و رقابتپذیری این شرکتها تأثیری مثبت داشته و در اغلب موارد کارایی آنها را را افزایش داده است. این پژوهش نشان داد که قبل از بکارگیری هوشمندی فناوری، تنها 54/34 درصد از شرکتها تحت بررسی نمره کارآیی کامل را کسب کردند. نتیجهگیری: رویکرد این پژوهش، بررسی نقش هوشمندی فناوری بود که مورد بررسی و مقایسه قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان میدهند که این نقش معنادار بوده و نقش مؤثر هوشمندی فناوری بر کارایی توانمندیهای نوآوری فناورانه و رقابتپذیری را به اثبات میرساند.
Introduction: As strategic companies with a competitive nature, pharmaceutical companies have a significant contribution to the country's competitive advantage. Thus, competitiveness has become a challenging and important issue in such companies today. In complex competitive environments, just organizations who strengthen their technological innovation capabilities can continue to compete. Technological innovation capabilities utilize the new data and information in the field of technology and needs technology intelligence itself. So, in this research we want to assess the effects of technology intelligence on the efficiency of technological innovation capabilities and competitiveness of pharmaceutical companies. Methods: In terms of objectives, this research is practical and descriptive-analytical, and field and library method is used for data gathering. This research's data is extracted from 55 active companies in the pharmaceutical industry and with the help of network data envelopment analysis (DEA) analyzed and efficiency to companies, with and without technology intelligence assessment. Results:In this research it was found that utilizing technology intelligence has a positive effect on the efficiency of technological innovation capabilities and competitiveness of these companies and has often increased their efficiency. This study showed that the use of technology intelligence, only 54/34 percent of the companies under investigation received full performance score. Conclusion: The approach of this study was to investigate the role of technology intelligence that was studied and compared. The results show that this role was significant and effective role of technology intelligence on the efficiency of technological innovation capabilities and competitiveness to prove.
1- Mehralian G, Shabaninejad H. The Importance of Competitiveness in New Internationalized and Competitive Environment of Pharmaceutical Industry. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research: IJPRو 2014; 13(2): 351.
2- Ashton WB, Klavans RA. Keeping abreast of science and technology; 1997.
3- Castellanos OF, Torres LM. Technology intelligence: Methods and capabilities for generation of knowledge and decision making. Technology Management for Global Economic Growth (PICMET), 2010 Proceedings of PICMET, 2010; 10: 1-9.
4- Khalil TM. Management of technology: The key to competitiveness and wealth creation: McGraw-Hill Science, Engineering & Mathematics; 2000.
5- Cooper AC, Schendel D. Strategic responses to technological threats. Business horizons, 1976; 19(1): 61-9.
6- Utterback JM, Brown JW. Monitoring for technological opportunities. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 1974; 2(2): 30-40.
7- Wang C-h, Lu I-y, Chen C-b. Evaluating firm technological innovation capability under uncertainty. Technovation, 2008; 28(6): 349-63.
8- Fleisher CS. Assessing the tools and techniques enterprises use for analysing Innovation, Science and Technology (IS&T) factors: are they up to the task? International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning, 2006; 2(4): 380-403.
9- Ashton WB, Stacey GS. Technical intelligence in business: understanding technology threats and opportunities. International Journal of Technology Management, 1995; 10(1): 79-104.
10- Lichtenthaler E. Technological change and the technology intelligence process: a case study. Journal of Engineering and technology Management, 2004; 21(4): 331-48.
11- Safdari Ranjbar M, Tavakoli GR. Toward an inclusive understanding of technology intelligence: a literature review. foresight, 2015; 17(3): 240-56.
12- Sumrit D, Anuntavoranich P. Using DEMATEL method to analyze the causal relations on technological innovation capability evaluation factors in Thai technology-based firms. Int Trans J Eng, Manage, Appl Sci Technol, 2013; 4(2): 81-103.
13- Guan JC, Yam RC, Mok CK, Ma N. A study of the relationship between competitiveness and technological innovation capability based on DEA models. European Journal of Operational Research, 2006; 170(3): 971-86.
14- Charnes A, Cooper WW, Rhodes E. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European journal of operational research, 1978; 2(6): 429-44.
15- Bal H, Örkcü HH, Çelebioğlu S. Improving the discrimination power and weights dispersion in the data envelopment analysis. Computers & Operations Research, 2010; 37(1): 99-107.
16- Mehregan M R. Data Envelopment Analysis Quantitative Models for Organizational Performance Evaluation. Tehran: Nashr-e-Ketabedaneshgahi; 2013: 64-65. [Persian]
17- Kao C, Hwang S-N. Efficiency decomposition in two-stage data envelopment analysis: An application to non-life insurance companies in Taiwan. European Journal of Operational Research, 2008; 185(1): 418-29.
18- Seiford LM, Zhu J. Profitability and marketability of the top 55 US commercial banks. management science, 1999; 45(9): 1270-88.
_||_1- Mehralian G, Shabaninejad H. The Importance of Competitiveness in New Internationalized and Competitive Environment of Pharmaceutical Industry. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research: IJPRو 2014; 13(2): 351.
2- Ashton WB, Klavans RA. Keeping abreast of science and technology; 1997.
3- Castellanos OF, Torres LM. Technology intelligence: Methods and capabilities for generation of knowledge and decision making. Technology Management for Global Economic Growth (PICMET), 2010 Proceedings of PICMET, 2010; 10: 1-9.
4- Khalil TM. Management of technology: The key to competitiveness and wealth creation: McGraw-Hill Science, Engineering & Mathematics; 2000.
5- Cooper AC, Schendel D. Strategic responses to technological threats. Business horizons, 1976; 19(1): 61-9.
6- Utterback JM, Brown JW. Monitoring for technological opportunities. IEEE Engineering Management Review, 1974; 2(2): 30-40.
7- Wang C-h, Lu I-y, Chen C-b. Evaluating firm technological innovation capability under uncertainty. Technovation, 2008; 28(6): 349-63.
8- Fleisher CS. Assessing the tools and techniques enterprises use for analysing Innovation, Science and Technology (IS&T) factors: are they up to the task? International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning, 2006; 2(4): 380-403.
9- Ashton WB, Stacey GS. Technical intelligence in business: understanding technology threats and opportunities. International Journal of Technology Management, 1995; 10(1): 79-104.
10- Lichtenthaler E. Technological change and the technology intelligence process: a case study. Journal of Engineering and technology Management, 2004; 21(4): 331-48.
11- Safdari Ranjbar M, Tavakoli GR. Toward an inclusive understanding of technology intelligence: a literature review. foresight, 2015; 17(3): 240-56.
12- Sumrit D, Anuntavoranich P. Using DEMATEL method to analyze the causal relations on technological innovation capability evaluation factors in Thai technology-based firms. Int Trans J Eng, Manage, Appl Sci Technol, 2013; 4(2): 81-103.
13- Guan JC, Yam RC, Mok CK, Ma N. A study of the relationship between competitiveness and technological innovation capability based on DEA models. European Journal of Operational Research, 2006; 170(3): 971-86.
14- Charnes A, Cooper WW, Rhodes E. Measuring the efficiency of decision making units. European journal of operational research, 1978; 2(6): 429-44.
15- Bal H, Örkcü HH, Çelebioğlu S. Improving the discrimination power and weights dispersion in the data envelopment analysis. Computers & Operations Research, 2010; 37(1): 99-107.
16- Mehregan M R. Data Envelopment Analysis Quantitative Models for Organizational Performance Evaluation. Tehran: Nashr-e-Ketabedaneshgahi; 2013: 64-65. [Persian]
17- Kao C, Hwang S-N. Efficiency decomposition in two-stage data envelopment analysis: An application to non-life insurance companies in Taiwan. European Journal of Operational Research, 2008; 185(1): 418-29.
18- Seiford LM, Zhu J. Profitability and marketability of the top 55 US commercial banks. management science, 1999; 45(9): 1270-88.