Cytogenetic study of two Alhagi species

Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)

مریم ابراهیم پورنورآبادی ¹ , زهرا یزدان بخش ² , مریم کشاورزی ³

1 - گروه زیست شناسی ، واحد علوم وتحقیقات فارس ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، شیراز، ایران؛
2 - گروه گیاه پزشکی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد ابرکوه ، یزد، ایران؛
3 - گروه زیست شناسی دانشگاه الزهرا، ونک، تهران، ایران؛

Received: 2012-09-07 Accepted : 2012-11-17 Published : 2012-11-01

Keywords: abnormalities, Alhagi, Cytogenetics, Meiotic behavior,

Abstract :

Background & Aim: Alhagi genus has two important medicinal plant species in Iran, including Alhagi pseudoalhagi, and A. graecorum (known “Kharshotor” in Persian). These plants are distributed in Iran like weeds. Generally, Alhagi is used as an anti-hemorrhoid, laxative and diuretic. Manna in both species produced by activity of a kind of insect on Alhagi branches which has medicinal properties and been used in Iranian traditional medicine. In this study, cytogenetic of 17 populations of A. graecorum and A. pseudoalhagi were studied. Experimental: In order to study the cytogenetic, pollen mother cells were studied in different meiotic developmental steps, and photographed. Pollen fertility test was done for studied populations. Data were statistically analyzed by SPSS software.Results & Discussion: Chromosome number in all species were 2n=2x= 16. Studied populations showed regular meiosis while some abnormalities as anaphase bridge in anaphase I, chromosomes stickiness in metaphase I, laggard chromosomes in metaphase I, and anaphase I, presence of rod and circular bivalent, univalent, quadrivalent and tri-polar were observed. Such structural modifications cause to increase in genetic variation and adaptation to environmental conditions. B chromosomes (I-V) were observed.Industrial and practical recommendations: Results of current study can lead to further researches in order to increase and optimize the medicinal effective substances in Alhagi by genetic modification.

References:

امین، غ. 1370. گیاهان دارویی و سنتی ایران. جلد اول. معاونت پژوهشی بهداشت درمان و آموزش پزشکی.

زرگری، ع. 1370. گیاهان دارویی. جلد دوم. انتشارات دانشگاه تهران.

هاشمی، م. 1365. گیاه خارشتر. انتشارات کمیته مشترک دفتر فنی مرتع و سازمان ترویج کشاورزی.

موسی پور گرجی، الف. شیدایی، م. احمدیان تهرانی، پ. میرزایی ندوشن، ح. 1384. بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی یونجه های یکساله با توجه به مطالعات کاریوتیپی. نهال و بذر. 21: 616- 601.

Al-Yahya, M.A., Mossa, J.S., Albadr, A., Tariq, M. and Al- Mesai, I.A. 1987. Phytochemical and biological studies on Saudi medicinal Part 12, A study on Saudi plants of family Leguminosae. Pharmaceutical Biology, 25(2): 65-71.

Amani, A.S., Maitland, D.J. and Soliman, G.A. 2006. Antiulcerogenic activity of Alhagi maurorum Boiss. Pharmaceutical Biology,44(4):292-296.

Behari, M. and Gupt, S.C. 1980. The isolation and biogenesis of 24-alkylsterols in Alhagi pseudoalhagi. Acta. Ciencia Indica Chemistry, 6: 207-208.

Bolus, L. 2000. Flora of Egypt, Vol II, Cairo, Egypt, Al- Hadara Publishing, 449.

El- Saayed, N.H., Inshak, M.S., Kandil, F.I. and Mabry, T.J. 1993. Flavonoids of A. graecorum. Pharmazie., 48: 68- 89.

Ghosal, S. and Srivustava, R.S. 1973. Chemical investigation of Alhagi pseudalhagi (Bieb.) desv.: β-phenethylamine and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 62: 1555-1556.

Kalhoro, M.A., Kapadia, Z. and Badar, Y. 1997. Physicochemical studies of indigenous medicinal plants. Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 32: 418- 421.

Khalmatov, K.H. 1964. Wild medicinal plants of Uzbakestan. Tashkent.

Kudliki, W.P., William, D., Kramer, S.K., Makhamed, B.G. and Iskakov, B.K. 1991. Eukaryotic protein synthesis initiation factor 2. European journal of Biochemistry, 197: 623- 629.

Lewis, H.W. and Lewis, E.M. 1977. Medical botany plants affecting mans health. New York, Wiley-Inter science. 312-368.

Sheidai, M. and Rashid, S. 2007. Cytogenetic study of some Hordeum L. species in Iran. Acta Biologica Szegediensis, 51: 107- 112.

Sheidai, M., Yazdanbakhsh, Z., Assadi, M. and Moussavi, M. 2001. Cytology and morphometric study of Alhagi (Leguminosea) species in Iran. Nordic Journal of Botany, 21: 83-91.

Sheidai, M., Yazdanbakhsh, Z. and Bernard, F. 2002. Seed protein analysis of Alhagi   (Leguminosea) species and populations. Iranian Journal of Botany, 9(2): 141-149.

Towsend, C.C. and Guest, E. 1974. Flora of Iraq. Vol 3. Ministry of agriculture and agrarian reform of the republic of Iraq.