Curative potential of Gbogbonise Epa Ijebu herbal remedy in male Wistar rats infected with Salmonella enterica serovar typhi

Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)

Seyi Enitan ¹ , Michael Dada ² , Oluwafemi Oguntibeju ³ , Emmanuel Ileoma ⁴ , Saratu Ajike ⁵ , Victor Aderogba ⁶

1 - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria;
2 - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria;
3 - Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville 3575, South Africa;
4 - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria;
5 - Department of Public Health, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria;
6 - Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Public and Allied Health, Babcock University, Ilishan-Remo, Nigeria;

Received: 2022-05-18 Accepted : 2022-08-22 Published : 2022-11-22

Keywords: Rats, Bacterial load, Salmonella typhi, Gbogbonise Epa Ijebu, Anti-Salmonella antibodies,

Abstract :

Background & Aim: Commercially sold herbal remedies are fast gaining recognition among the Nigerian populace for the treatment of various ailments. The aim of this study was to assess the curative potential of Gbogbonise Epa Ijebu herbal remedy in male Wistar rats infected with Salmonella enteric serovar typhi (S.typhi).Experimental: A total of 60 male Wistar rats weighing 150+50 g (mean+SD) were randomly assigned into 10 groups of 6 rats each. Group 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9 and 10 were infected with one ml of S. typhi suspension with a concentration of 106 CFU/mL in phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Group 4, 5 and 6 which served as the Zero control, undiluted herbal control and diluted herbal control, respectively. Group 7 and were 8 were treated with 500 mg/Kg/bid and 250 mg/kg/bid herbal remedy, respectively, while group 9 and 10 were treated with equal volume of Ciprofloxacin and herbal remedy, 500 mg/kg/bid and 250 mg/kg/bid, respectively, orally twice daily for 7days. Bacterial loads in rectal swab, intestine and gall bladder, as well as the anti-S.typhi O and H serum antibodies of the test and control rats were evaluated at pre-infection, post-infection and post-treatment phases using standard microbiological and serological methods.Results: The outcome of this study showed that the administration of the herbal remedy (500 mg/Kg/bid) resulted in a significant reduction (P<0.001) in the rectal (1.8±04 Log CFU/mL), intestinal (4.25±0.05 Log CFU/Intestine) and gall-bladder (1.85±0.25 Log CFU/Gall-Bladder) bacterial load, as well as the anti-S. typhi O (93.3±22.3) and H (93.3±22.3) serum antibodies level of the test groups compared to the infection control (3.8±0.20 Log CFU/mL, 8.3±0.10 Log CFU/Intestine, 4.3±0.06 Log CFU/Gall-Bladder and 173.3±32.1, respectively).Recommended applications/industries: The outcome of this study further underscores the curative potential of the herbal remedy as claimed by the manufacturers and vendors.

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