Efficiency of Echinacea purpurea L. on total antioxidant activity in serum of broiler chicks

Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)

غلام رضا  قلم کاری ¹ (گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران)
نصیر  لندی ² (باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران؛)
مجید  طغیانی ³ (باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران؛)
فریبرز  معطر ⁴ (گروه فارماکوگنوزی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران؛)
عباس  عابد اصفهانی ⁵ (گروه علوم پایه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران؛)
مریم  اعرج شیروانی ⁶ (گروه صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران؛)

Received: 2010-12-12 Accepted : 2011-03-11 Published : 2011-03-01

Keywords: Broiler, Serum, antioxidant activity, Echinacea purpurea,

Abstract :

Background & Aim: This experiment was conducted to examine the effect of different levels of Echinacea purpurea (EP) in comparison with an antibiotic (flavofosfolipol) on total antioxidant activity (AOA) in serum of broiler chicks. Experimental: In this trial 240 one-day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were weighed and randomly assigned to the 5 treatment groups, each with 4 replicates with 12 broilers. The 5 treatments were as follows: 1. Basal diet (control); 2. Basal diet + antibiotic (4.5 mg flavofosfolipol/kg diet); 3. Basal diet + dried aerial part powder of EP (5 g/kg diet); 4. Basal diet + dried aerial part powder of EP (10 g/kg diet); 5. Basal diet + tincture extract (0.25 g/kg diet). The contents of Flavonol-o-glycosides as Quescetin was determined by spectrophotometer method, and the amount of Flavonol-o- glycosides as Quescetin in 5 g/kg diet EP to alcoholic extract was equal. At 42 days blood sample was taken and analyzed for total antioxidant activity (AOA) of serum blood. Results & Discussion: The results showed that using of 10 g/kg diet EP led to the highest AOA (m mol/lit) compared to other groups. Alcoholic extract supplementation to diet resulted higher AOA than those control and antibiotic treatments but not significant. The AOA increased in broilers fed diet containing 5 g EP/kg diet than those control, Alcoholic extract and antibiotic treatments but not significantly. Industrial and practical recommendations: The results of this trial showed that, using of 10 g EP/kg diet improved total antioxidant activity in serum of broiler chicks. According to the risk of producing the microbial population resistant to antibiotic because of continuous use antibiotics in animals diet in fields and due to the findings of this experiment and other experiments, the powder of the top organs of Echinacea purpurea can be used as a suitable alternatives for antibiotic in food diet of the poultry.

References:

پیش بین، ش.، خوانساری، ن. و شایگان، م. 1381. بررسی ارتباط بین قدرت آنتی اکسیدانی تام پلاسما و دو عملکرد سیستم ایمنی (پاسخ تکثیری لنفوسیت ها و حرکت هدفدار نوتروفیل ها). مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران، شماره 5: صفحات 354 تا 363.

تقی زاده، م.، جاروندی، ص. و یاسا، ن. 1381. مروری بر اکیناسه. گیاهان دارویی، شماره 4: صفحات 25-13.

Alkhalf, A., Alhaj, M. and ALhomidan, I. 2010. Influence of probiotic supplementation on blood parameters and growth performance in broiler chickens. Saudi J. Biol Sci, 17: 219-225.

Bafundo, K.W., Cox, L.A. and Bywater, R. 2003. Review lends perspective to recent scientific findings on virginiamycin, antibiotic resistance debate. Feedstuffs, 75:26–27.

Beckman, K. and Ames, B. 1998. The free radical theory of aging matures. Physiol, 78: 547-581.

 

 

Cel Rio, M., Ruedas, G. and Medina, S. 1998. Improvement by several antioxidants of macrophage function in vitro. Life Sci, 63: 871-881.

Dalby-Brown, L., Barsett, H., Landbo, A.K., Meyer, AS. and Mølgaard, P. 2005. Synergistic antioxidative effects of alkamides, caffeic acid derivatives, and polysaccharide fractions from Echinacea purpurea on in vitro oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins. J. Agric Food Chem, 53: 9413-9423.

Freed, B., Rapaport, R. and Lempert, N. 1987. Inhibition of early events in the human T-lymphocyte response to mitogens and alloantigens by hydrogen peroxide. Arch Surg, 122: 99-104.

Hu, C. and Kitts, D.D. 2000. Studies on the antioxidant activity of Echinacea root extract. J Agric Food Chem, 48: 1466-1472.

Huda-Faujan, N., Noriham, A., Norrakiah, A.S. and Babji, A.S. 2009. Antioxidant activity of plants methanolic extracts containing phenolic compounds. Afr J Biotechnol, 8: 484-489.

Khanavi, M., Hajimahmoodi, M., Cheraghi-Niroomand, M., Kargar, Z., Ajani, Y., Hadjiakhoondi, A. and Oveisi, M.R. 2009. Comparison of the antioxidant activity and total phenolic contents in some Stachys species. Afr J Biotechnol, 8: 1143-1147.

Koracevic, D., Koracevic, G., Djordjevic, V., Andrejevic, S. and Cosic, V. 2001. Method for the measurement of antioxidant activity in human fluids. Clin Path, 54: 356–361.

Matthias, A., Banbury, L., Bone, K.M., Leach, D.N. and Lehmann, R.P. 2008. Echinacea alkylamides modulate induced immune responses in T cells. Fitoterapia, 79: 53-58.

Oberritter, H., Glatthaar, B. and Moser, V. 1986. Effect of functional stimulation on ascorbate content on phagocytes under physiological and pathological condition. Int Arch Aller A Imm, 81:46.

Ramarathnam, N., Osawa, T., Ochi, H. and Kawakishi, S. 1995. The contribution of plant food antioxidants to human health. Trends Food Sci. Technol, 6: 75-77.

Ross Broiler Manual. 2002. Available on www.Aviagen.com.

SAS Institute. 1997. SAS/STAT® User’s Guide: Statistics, Version 6.12, SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.

Satoshi, M., Kiyoto, S., Hiroe, M., Makoto, I., Takenori, Y., Torao, I. and Yeunhwa, G.U. 2004. Antioxidant and immune enhancing of Echinacea purpurea. Biol Pharmaceut Bull, 27: 1004-1009.

Saunders, P.R., Smith, F. and Schusky, R.W. 2007. Echinacea purpurea L. in children: safety, tolerability, compliance, and clinical effectiveness in upper respiratory tract infections. Canadian J Physiol Pharm, 85: 1195-1199.

Thygesen, L., Thulin, J., Mortensen, A., Skibsted, L.H. and Molgaard, P. 2007. Antioxidant activity of cichoric acid and alkamides from Echinacea purpurea, alone and in combination. Food Chemistry, 101: 74-81.

Tzu Tai, L., Chung, Li., C., Zhao Han, S., Jun Chen, L. and Bi, Y. 2009. Study on antioxidant activity of Echinacea purpurea L. extracts and its impact on cell viability. Afr J Biotechnol, 19: 5097-5105.