South American medicinal plants for the symptomatic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: A systematic review
Subject Areas : Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)
Eliana Solorzano
1
(
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy;
)
Paolo Pastore
2
(
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padua, Via Marzolo, 1, 35131, Padova, Italy;
)
Davide Grisafi
3
(
College of Pharmacist of Padua Province, Via Giosuè Carducci, 26, 35123, Padova, Italy;
)
Keywords: Medicinal herbs, natural products, Benign prostatic hyperplasia, Nutraceuticals, South American plants,
Abstract :
Background & Aim: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the prevalent age-related medical conditionin men. In the last 20 years, alternative therapies, especially those based on herbs, are increasingly preferred. The most popularly consumed herb is Serenoa repens, a plant growing in the subtropical south-eastern United States which has shown very efficient results compared to pharmacological conventional treatments both in terms of cost and risks associated with them. Nevertheless, the same trial found no difference between S. repens and placebo according to the American Urological Association Symptom Score Index. As more and more consumers are turning increasingly towards natural therapies, it would be appropriate to promote the recognition of the value of other medicinal plants with potential applicability through comprehensive research. For this purpose, a descriptive comparison between several South-American plants little publicised in the pharmaceutical market is presented to slightly narrow the gap between the reliable evidence-based and popular information for consumers and the pharmaceutical industry.Experimental: With this approach, a review of the literature was conducted through an electronic consultation of two databases, Science Direct and Google Scholar™.Results: This narrative review highlights the wide range of natural medicines available for controlling the inflammatory symptoms of the lower urinary tract, which could be more explored from a pharmacological and chemical point of view.Recommended applications/industries: The future use of natural products requires further investment in pre-clinical research and in clinical trials that investigate stability and a profitable pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic ratio. Although they are well tolerated and used daily by South American populations, the industry's proper commercial focus on these natural remedies cannot be separated from appropriate phyto-vigilance actions promoted
Amaral, L., Barros, R. de Barbosa, S., Abreu, L., Carmo, F., Castro, H., Nasciutti, L., Rodrigues, C., Sousa, V. and Cabral, L. 2014. Development of new Babassu oil lipidic nanostructured systems; potential alternative for benign prostatic hyperplasia therapy. Current Nanoscience, 10: 786–795.
Arruzazabala, M.L., Pérez, Y., Ravelo, Y., Molina, V., Carbajal, D., Mas, R. and Rodríguez, E. 2011. Effect of oleic, lauric and myristic acids on phenylephrine-induced contractions of isolated rat vas deferens. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology, 49:684–688.
Azevedo, A.P.S., Farias, J.C., Costa, G.C., Ferreira, S.C.P., Aragão-Filho, W.C., Sousa, P.R.A., Pinheiro, M.T., Maciel, M.C.G., Silva, L.A., Lopes, A.S., Barroqueiro, E.S.B., Borges, M.O.R., Guerra, R.N.M. and Nascimento, F.R.F. 2007. Anti-thrombotic effect of chronic oral treatment with Orbignya phalerata Mart. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 111: 155–159.
Bader, A., Giner, R.M., Martini, F., Schinella, G.R., Ríos, J.L., Braca, A. and Prieto, J.M. 2013. Modulation of COX, LOX and NFκB activities by Xanthium spinosum L. root extract and ziniolide. Fitoterapia, 91: 284–289.
Balick, M.J. 1988. The use of Palms by the Apinayé and Guajajara Indians of Northeastern Brazil. Advances in Economic Botany, 6: 65–90.
Barroqueiro, E.S.B., Barroqueiro, F.S.B., Pinheiro, M.T., Maciel, M.C.G., Barcellos, P.S., Silva, L.A., Lopes, A.S., Nascimento, F.R.F. and Guerra, R.N.M. 2011. Evaluation of acute toxicity of babassu mesocarp in mice. Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy, 21: 710–714.
Bussmann, R.W. 2013. The globalization of traditional medicine in northern Peru: from shamanism to molecules. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2013: 1–36.
Calvar González, S.I., Salcedo, J.L. and Mangini Martínez, M.Á. 2005. Últimos avances en el diagnóstico de la hyperplasia benigna de próstata. Acta Bioquimica Clínica Latinoamericana, 39:171–185.
Cárdenas-Valencia, I., Nieto, J., Gasco, M., Gonzales, C., Rubio, J., Portella, J. and Gonzales, G.F. 2008. Tropaeolum tuberosum (Mashua) reduces testicular function: effect of different treatment times. Andrologia; 40: 352–357.
Chan, E.C., Pannangpetch, P. and Woodman, O.L. 2000. Relaxation to flavones and flavonols in rat isolated thoracic aorta: mechanism of action and structure-activity relationships. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, 35: 326–333.
Chan, F. and Chen, Z. 2000. Induction of apoptosis in prostate cancer cell lines by a flavonoid, baicalin. Cancer Letters, 160: 219–228.
Chirinos, R., Campos, D., Costa, N., Arbizu, C., Pedreschi, R. and Larondelle, Y. 2008. Phenolic profiles of Andean mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruíz&Pavón) tubers: Identification by HPLC-DAD and evaluation of their antioxidant activity. Food Chemistry, 106: 1285–1298.
Chirinos, R., Pedreschi, R., Rogez, H., Larondelle, Y. and Campos, D. 2013. Phenolic compound contents and antioxidant activity in plants with nutritional and/or medicinal properties from the Peruvian Andean region. Industrial Crops and Products, 47: 145–152.
Cumanda, J., Marinoni, G., De Bernardi, M., Vidari, G. and Finzi, P. V. 1991. New sesquiterpenes from Xanthium catharticum. Journal of Natural Products, 54: 460–465.
Dini, A., Migliuolo, G., Rastrelli, L., Saturnino, P. and Schettino, O. 1994. Chemical composition of Lepidiummeyenii. Food Chemistry, 49: 347–349.
European Food Safety Authority. 2012. Compendium of botanicals reported to contain naturally occurring substances of possible concern for human health when used in food and 10. https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2012.2663.
Fernandez, E., Viehmannov, I., Lachman, J. and Milella, L. 2006. Yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poeppig&Endlicher ) H . Robinson]: A new crop in the Central Europe. Plant Soil and Environment, 52: 564–570.
Francescato, L.N., Debenedetti, S.L., Schwanz, T.G., Bassani, V.L. and Henriques, A.T. 2013. Identification of phenolic compounds in Equisetum giganteum by LC-ESI-MS/MS and a new approach to total flavonoid quantification. Talanta, 105: 192–203.
Gade, D.W., 1992. Lost crops of the Incas: little-known plants of the Andes with promise for worldwide cultivation. Mountain Research and Development. 12(1): 99-98.
García, S., Heinzen, H., Hubbuch, C., Martínez, R., de Vries, X. and Moyna, P. 1995. Triterpene methyl ethers from palmaeepicuticular waxes. Phytochemistry, 39:1381–1382.
Gonzales, G.F., Gasco, M., Malheiros-Pereira, A. and Gonzales-Castañeda, C. 2008. Antagonistic effect of Lepidiummeyenii (red maca) on prostatic hyperplasia in adult mice. Andrologia, 40: 179–185.
Gonzales, G.F., Vasquez, V., Rodriguez, D., Maldonado, C., Mormontoy, J., Portella, J., Pajuelo, M., Villegas, L., Gasco, M. and Mathur, P.P. 2007. Effect of two different extracts of red maca in male rats with testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia. Asian Journal of Andrology, 9: 245–251.
Hernandez-Carranza, P., Jimenez-Munguia, M.T., 2010. Propiedades funcionales y aplicaciones industriales de los fructo-aligosacaridos. Temas Selectos de Ingenieria de los Alimentos, 4: 1–8.
Honorio-França, A., Pessoa, R., França, E., Ribeiro, E., Lanes, P., Chaud, N. and Moraes, L. 2014. Microemulsion of babassu oil as a natural product to improve human immune system function. Drug Design, Development and Therapy, 16: 21–31.
Ishiguro, H. and Kawahara, T. 2014. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostatic diseases. Biomed Research International, 2014: 1–6.
Johns, T. 1981. The añu and the maca. Journal of Ethnobiology, 1: 208–2012.
Kim, G.T., Lee, S.H. and Kim, Y.M. 2016. Torilis japonica extract-generated intracellular ROS induces apoptosis by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential via regulation of the AMPK-p38 MAPK signalling pathway in HCT116 colon cancer. International Journal of Oncology, 49: 1088–1098.
Klecákova-Karlicková, J. and Jahod, L. 2015. Xanthium spinosum L. A phytochemical study. Ceska a Slovenská Farmacie, 54:141–144.
Klingler, H.C. 2003. New innovative therapies for benign prostatic hyperplasia: any advance? Current Opinion in Urology, 13: 11–5.
Lachman, J., Fernández, E.C. and Orsák, M. 2003. Yacon [Smallanthus sonchifolia (Poepp. et Endl.) H. Robinson] chemical composition and use– a review. Plant Soil and Environment, 49: 283–290.
Lara, N., Rincón, J. and Guerrero, M.F. 2017. Alpha antiadrenergic effect of Achyrocline bogotensis extract (“ViraVira ”) in isolated rat aortic ring. Vitae, 24: 30–37.
Leiva-Revilla, Johanna, Cárdenas-Valencia, I., Rubio, J., Guerra-Castañón, F., Olcese-Mori, P., Gasco, M. and Gonzales, G.F. 2012. Evaluation of different doses of mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum) on the reduction of sperm production, motility and morphology in adult male rats. Andrologia, 44-205-212.
Lerner, L.B., Wilt, T.J., Parsons, J.K., Dahm, P., Tobias, S.K., 2020. Surgical management of lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia: AUA guideline amendment 2020. The Journal of Urology, 204: 799–804.
Liang, T. and Liao, S. 1992. Inhibition of steroid 5α-reductase by specific aliphatic unsaturated fatty acids. Biochemical Journal, 285: 557–562.
Lowe, F.C. and Fagelman, E. 2002. Phytotherapy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Current Opinion in Urology, 12: 15–18.
McVary, K.T., Roehrborn, C.G., Avins, A.L., Barry, M.J., Bruskewitz, R.C., Donnell, R.F., Foster, H.E., Gonzalez, C.M., Kaplan, S.A., Penson, D.F., Ulchaker, J.C. and Wei, J.T. 2011. Update on AUA guideline on the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. The Journal of Urology, 185: 1793–1803.
Nunzio, C. De, Salonia, A., Gacci, M. and Ficarra, V. 2020. Inflammation is a target of medical treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia. World Journal of Urology, 38: 2771–2779.
Ortega, O.R., Kliebenstein, D.J., Arbizu, C., Ortega, R. and Quiros, C.F. 2006. Glucosinolate survey of cultivated and feral mashua (Tropaeolum tuberosum Ruíz&Pavón) in the Cuzco region of Peru. Economic Botany, 60: 254–264.
Park, W.S., Son, E.D., Nam, G.W., Kim, S.H., Noh, M.S., Lee, B.G., Jang, I.S., Kim, S.E., Lee, J.J. and Lee, C.H. 2003. Torilin from Torilis japonica as a new inhibitor of testosterone 5 a -reductase 5–7. Planta Medica, 69: 459-461
Pereira da Silva, B. and Paz Parente, J. 2001. An anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory polysaccharide from Orbignya phalerata. Fitoterapia; 72: 887–893.
Pérez Gutierrez, R.M., Yescas Laguna, G. and Walkowski, A. 1985. Diuretic activity of Mexican Equisetum. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 14: 269–272.
Piacente, S., Pizza, C., De Tommasi, N. and De Simone, F. 1996. Sesquiterpene and diterpene glycosides from Xanthium spinosum. Phytochemistry; 41: 1357–1360.
Pombo, L.M. 2003. Caracterización fitoquímica y farmacológica del extracto de la planta Vira-Vira (A. bogotensis H.B.K.). Documenta Clinica, 16: 11–18.
Quirós, C.F. and Aliaga, R. 1997. Maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.). Promoting the conservation and use of underutilized and neglected crops, 21: 173–198.
Ramallo, R., Wathelet, J.P., Le Boulenge, E., Torres, E., Marlier, M., Ledent, J.F., Guidi, A. and Larondelle, Y. 2004. Glucosinolates in isano (Tropaeolum tuberosum) tubers: Qualitative and quantitative content and changes after maturity. Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture, 84: 701–706.
Rennó, M.N., Barbosa, G.M., Zancan, P., Veiga, V.F., Alviano, C.S., Sola-Penna, M., Menezes, F.S. and Holandino, C. 2008. Crude ethanol extract from babassu (Orbignya speciosa): Cytotoxicity on tumoral and non-tumoral cell lines. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 80: 467–476.
Russo, A., Capogrosso, P., Croce, G. La, Ventimiglia, E., Boeri, L., Briganti, A., Damiano, R., Montorsi, F., Salonia, A., 2016. Serenoa repens, selenium and lycopene to manage lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Expert Opinion in Drug Safety, 15:1661-1670.
Sagawa, T., Takaishi, Y., Fujimoto, Y., Duque, C., Osorio, C., Ramos, F., Garzon, C., Sato, M., Okamoto, M., Oshikawa, T., Ahmed, S.U. 2005. Cyclobutane dimers from the Colombian medicinal plant Achyroclinebogotensis. Journal of Natural Products, 68: 502–505.
Schippmann, U., Leaman, D.J. and Cunningham, A.B. 2002. Impact of Cultivation and Gathering of Medicinal Plants on Biodiversity: Global Trends and Issues. Biodiversity and the Ecosystem Approach in Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. 1–10.
Schleich, S., Papaioannou, M., Baniahmad, A. and Matusch, R. 2006. Extracts from Pygeum africanum and other ethnobotanical species with antiandrogenic activity. Planta Medica, 72: 807–813.
Shrivastava, A. and Gupta, V. 2012. Various treatment options for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A current update. Saudi Journal of Health Science, 1: 53-60
Song, K., Wang, H., Krebs, T.L., Kim, S.-J. and Danielpour, D. 2008. Androgenic control of TGF-β signaling in prostate epithelial cells through transcriptional suppression of TGF-β receptor II. Cancer Research, 68: 8173–8182.
Street, R.A. and Prinsloo, G. 2013. Commercially important medicinal plants of South Africa: A review. Journal of Chemistry, 2013: 1–6.
Veiga Fernandez, F., Malfeito Jimenez, R. and Lopez Pineiro, C. 2005. Hiperplasia Benigna de Prostata. Tratado de Geriatria Para Residentes. 647–653.
Wein, A.J., Hyperplasia, P. and Kaplan, S.A. 2004. Benign prostatic hyperplasia. 1266–1267.
Wilt, T., Ishani, A. and Macdonald, R. 2009. Serenoa repens for benign prostatic hyperplasia (Review). Cochrane Database of Systematic Review, 1-5.
Wilt, T.J. and Macdonald, R. 2006. Doxazosin in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy: an update. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 1: 389–401.
Ye, F.E.I., Xui, L.I., Yi, J., Zhang, W. and Zhang, D.Y. 2002. Anticancer activity of Scutellaria baicalensis and its potential mechanism. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 8: 567–572.
Zardini, E. 1991. Ethnobotanical notes on “Yacon”, Polymnia sonchifolia (Asteraceae). Economic Botany, 45: 72–85.