بررسی ارزش تغذیه‌ای و عمر انباری گل‌های همیشه‌بهار(Marigold) با کاربرد اسپرمیدین، اسیدسیتریک و پرولین

محورهای موضوعی : میکروبیولوژی مواد غذایی

سوفیا سروری ¹ , الهام دانایی ² , خدایار همتی ³ , علیرضا لادن مقدم ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دکتری گیاهان دارویی، ادویه‌ای و نوشابه‌ای، گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد علی‌آباد کتول، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، علی‌آباد کتول، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، ایران
4 - دانشیار گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/03/13 تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/03/13 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/04/01

کلید واژه: اسپرمیدین, اسید سیتریک, پرولین, عمر انباری, همیشه‌بهار,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه: گل‌های خوراکی به عنوان گل‌های غیرسمی، بی‌ضرری تعریف شده‌اند که در رژیم غذایی انسان مصرف می‌شوند. این گل‌ها حاوی انواع ویتامین‌ها، کربوهیدرات‌ها، پروتئین و آنتی‌اکسیدان‌ها بوده که در تامین نیاز غذایی انسان‌ها نقش مهمی دارند. گل همیشه‌بهار نیز به عنوان یکی از گل‌های رایج خوراکی شناخته شده است که در این پژوهش بهبود ارزش تغذیه‌ای و عمر انباری همیشه‌بهار تحت محلول‌پاشی اسپرمیدین، اسید سیتریک و پرولین مورد بررسی قرارگرفت. مواد و روش‌ها: آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح آماری کاملاً تصادفی با 14 تیمار و شامل دو عامل، محلول‌پاشی با اسپرمیدین، اسید سیتریک و پرولین (صفر، 50 و 100 میلی‌گرم بر لیتر) و ماندگاری پس از برداشت (شروع آزمایش، 5 و 10 روز)، در 3 تکرار و هر تکرار حاوی 10 گل انجام شد. جهت بررسی عمر انباری، نمونه‌ها در دمای 4 درجه سانتی‌گراد نگهداری شدند و صفاتی مانند وزن تر و خشک گل‌ها، کارتنوئید گلبرگ، کربوهیدرات کل، ویتامین ث، فنل، فلاونوئید، آنتی‌اکسیدان کل، پروتئین و عمر انباری گل‌ها ارزیابی گردید. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد در دهمین روز انبارمانی، بیشترین وزن تر و خشک، کارتنوئید، فنل، کربوهیدرات گلبرگ‌ها در تیمار پرولین 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، بیشترین ویتامین ث، آنتی‌اکسیدان کل و عمر انباری گل‌ها در تیمار اسید سیتریک 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، بیشترین فلاونوئید و پروتئین به ترتیب در تیمار اسپرمیدین 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و پرولین 50 میلی‌گرم در لیتر حاصل شد. همچنین تمامی تیمارها تفاوت معنی‌داری در سطح آماری 1 و 5 درصد نسبت به تیمار شاهد نشان دادند. نتیجه‌گیری: اثر تمام تیمارها بر متغیرهای اندازه‌گیری شده، معنی‌دار است، ولی بیشترین بهبود صفات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی با کاربرد غلظت 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر پرولین، اسید سیتریک و اسپرمیدین بدست آمد. بیشترین عمر انباری گل‌ها توام با حفظ کیفیت آنها با محلول‌پاشی اسید سیتریک 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر (7/9 روز) و کمترین در تیمار شاهد (3/5 روز) حاصل شد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

  Introduction: Edible flowers contain a variety of vitamins, carbohydrates and proteins and play an important role in the antioxidant activity and control of diseases. Marigold is also known as one of the most common edible flowers. The aim of this study was to investigate the improvement of nutritional value of Marigold flowers by spraying with spermidine, citric acid and proline. Materials and Methods: This research was carried out in a completely randomized design with 14 treatments including two levels of spermidine, citric acid, proline (0, 50 and 100 mg/L) and postharvest shelf life (Start experiment, 5 and 10 days) in 3 replications. Each replication consists of 10 flowers. Foliar application was performed in three stages of six visible leaves, complete tillering and first bud emergence. The samples were stored at 4°C for post-harvest shelf life. Characteristics including biochemical and nutritional values were evaluated. Results: The results showed that, at the 10th day after harvest, the highest fresh and dry weight of flower, carotenoid, phenol, carbohydrate were detected in proline 100 mg/L sample, while the highest vitamin C, total antioxidant and postharvest life were observed in citric acid 100 mg/L sample and the highest flavonoid was determined in spermidine 100 mg/L sample and the highest protein was detected in proline 50 mg/L sample. All treatments showed significant differences at 1% and 5% level of control. Conclusion: All treatments had significant effect on the measured variables, but the best improved characteristics were obtained at the concentration of 100 mg/L proline, citric acid and spermidine. The highest longevity was in citric acid 100 mg/L with 9.7 days and the lowest in control with 5.3 days.

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