شناسایی ترکیبات فعال زیستی عصاره جلبک قهوه‌ای Cystoseria.sp و ارزیابی خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی و حسی ژله خوراکی غنی‌شده با آن
محورهای موضوعی : میکروبیولوژی مواد غذاییمهدی محمدی 1 , غلامحسین محبی 2 , مه گل بلوریان 3 , علیرضا برمک 4 , الهام احساندوست 5
1 - استادیار گروه زیست‌شناسی دریا، مرکز مطالعات و پژوهش‌های خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه خلیج‌فارس، بوشهر، ایران
2 - استادیار مرکز تحقیقات زیست فناوری دریایی خلیج فارس، پژوهشکده علوم زیست پزشکی خلیج فارس، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران
3 - کارشناس ارشد موسسه آموزش عالی خرد، بوشهر، ایران
4 - استادیار آزمایشگاه کنترل غذا و دارو، معاونت غذا و دارو، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران
5 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه زیست‌شناسی دریا، مرکز مطالعات و پژوهش‌های خلیج‌فارس، دانشگاه خلیج‌فارس، بوشهر، ایران
کلید واژه: بافت, ترکیبات شیمیایی, خصوصیات حسی, خلیج‌فارس, ژله, سیستوسریا,
چکیده مقاله :
مقدمه: جلبک سیستوسریا یک ماکروجلبک قهوه ای متعلق به خانواده فیافیتا می باشد. این جلبک با انشعابات نامنظم، در آب های گرم، در مناطق کم عمق و در نزدیکی سنگ‌ها و تالاب ها یافت می‌شود. این مطالعه با هدف شناسایی ترکیبات فعال زیستی عصاره جلبک قهوه ای سیستوسریا و ارزیابی خصوصیات فیزیکوشیمیایی و حسی ژله خوراکی غنی شده با آن انجام گرفت. مواد و روش ها: ترکیبات شیمیایی عصاره جلبک سیستوسریا توسط روش GC-MS شناسایی شدند و عصاره آن به غلظت های 50، 100 و 150 میلی گرم به فرمولاسیون ژله افزوده شد و سپس تأثیر آن بر ویژگی های حسی و سینرسیس مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت. ارزیابی حسی ژله خوراکی توسط ده ارزیاب و با استفاده از آزمون هدونیک پنج امتیازی جهت بررسی رنگ، عطر و طعم، بافت و پذیرش کلی ژله های تهیه شده انجام گرفت. یافته ها: آنالیز GC-MS، تعداد دوازده ترکیب فعال زیستی موثر در غذا و دارو را نشان داد. این مطالعه نشان داد که امتیاز رنگ با افزودن عصاره جلبک افزایش می یابد. بر اساس نتایج پذیرش کلی، افزودن 50 میلی گرم عصاره به ژله، بیشترین تاثیر را از نظر رنگ، طعم و بافت دارا بود. کاهش ﺳﯿﻨﺮﺳﯿﺲ در تیمارها، گواه بر ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯿﺖ ﺣﻔﻆ آب درون ﺑﺎﻓﺘﯽ ژﻟﻪ و در نتیجه افزایش ﮐﯿﻔﯿﺖ ﻇﺎﻫﺮی ژﻟﻪ بود. نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی می توان نتیجه گرفت که افزودن 50 میلی گرم عصاره جلبک سیستوسریا می تواند به عنوان معیار انتخاب بهترین فرمولاسیون باشد که بتوان از ارزش تغذیه ای بالای آن نیز بهره برد.
Introduction: Alga Cystoseria is a brown macroalga belonging to the Phaeophyta family. This alga with irregular branches is found in tropical, sub-tropical waters near rocks and wetlands. The aim of the study was to identify the bioactive compounds of Cystoseria brown algae extract and to evaluate the physicochemical and sensory properties of the edible jelly fortified with algae. Materials and Methods: The chemical compositions of the Cystoseria alga extract were detected by the GC-MS method, and the extracts were added to the jelly formulation at concentrations of 50, 100 and 150 mg, then the effects on sensory properties and synereses were studied. Sensory evaluations of oral jelly were carried out by ten evaluators and using a five-point hedonic test to examine the color, taste, texture and general acceptance of the prepared jelly. Results: The GC-MS analysis identified twelve biologically active compounds effective in food and drugs. The study indicated that the color score increased with the addition of algae extract. According to the results of acceptability, adding 50 mg of the extract to the jelly had the most effects on color, taste and texture factors. The syneresis reduction in treatments was an indication of high water content within the jelly, resulting in improving the appearance of edible jelly. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the addition of 50 mg of Cystoseria alga extract can be as criteria for the selection of the best formulation that can be used for its high nutritional value.
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_||_Abbasi, S. & Rahimi, S. (2007). Introduction of an unknown local plant gum: Persian gum. Flour and Food Industry Magazine, 4, 42-51.
Akpuaka, A., Ekwenchi, M. M., Dashak, D. A. & Dildar, A. (2013). Biological activities of characterized isolates of n-hexane extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Neem) leaves. New York Science Journal, 6, 119-124.
Andrade, P. B., Barbosa, M., Matos, R. P., Lopes, G., Vinholes, J., Mouga, T. & Valentão, P. (2013). Valuable compounds in macroalgae extracts. Food Chemistry, 138(2), 1819-1828.
Barrantes, E., Tamime, A. Y. & Sword, A. M. (1994). Production of low-calorie yoghurt using skim milk and fat-substitutes: 3. Microbiological and organoleptic qualities. Milchwissenschaft.
Barsanti, L. & Gualtieri, P. (2006). Algae: anatomy, biochemistry, and biotechnology. CRC Press Boca Raton.
Batista, A. P., Raymundo, A., Sousa, I. & Empis, J. (2006). Rheological characterization of coloured oil-in-water food emulsions with lutein and phycocyanin added to the oil and aqueous phases. Food Hydrocolloids, 20, 44-52.
Burns, R. P. & Burns, R. (2008). Business research methods and statistics using SPSS. Sage.
Cheow, C. S., Norizah, M. S., Kyaw, Z. Y. & Howell, N. K. (2007). Preparation and characterisation of gelatins from the skins of sin croaker (Johnius dussumieri) and shortfin scad (Decapterus macrosoma). Food Chemistry, 101, 386-391.
Chronakis, I. S. (2001). Gelation of edible blue-green algae protein isolate (Spirulina platensis strain pacifica): thermal transitions, rheological properties, and molecular forces involved. Journal Agricalture Food Chemical, 49, 888-898.
Dehkordi, N. V., Kachouie, N. A., Pirbalouti, A. G., Malekpoor, F. & Rabei, M. (2015). Total phenolic content, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of extracts of Ephedra foliate. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica- Drug Research. 72, 341-345.
Dobashi, K., Nishino, T., Fujihara, M. & Nagumo, T. (1989). Isolation and preliminary characterization of fucose-containing sulfated polysamlharides with blood-anticoagulant activity from the brown seaweed Hizikia fusiforme. Carbohydrate Research, 194, 315-320.
Draisma, S. G., Ballesteros, E., Rousseau, F. & Thibaut, T. (2010). DNA sequence data demonstrate the polyphyly of the genus Cystoseira and other Sargassaceae genera (Phaeophyceae). Journal of Phycology, 46, 1329-1345.
Dulger, B., Hacioglu, N., Erdugan, H. & Aysel, V. (2009). Antimicrobial activity of some brown algae from Turkey. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 21, 4113.
Durmaz, Y., Duyar, H. A., GÖkpinar, Ş., Taskaya, L., Öğretmen, Y. Ö., Bandarra, N. M. & Nunes, M. L. (2008). Fatty Acids, α-tocopherol and Total Pigment Contents of Cystoseira spp., Ulva spp. and Zostera spp. from Sinop Bay (Turkey). International Journal of Natural & Engineering Sciences, 2(3), 111-114.
El-Tantawy, M. E., Shams, M. M. & Afifi, M. S. (2016). Chemical composition and biological evaluation of the volatile constituents from the aerial parts of Nephrolepis exaltata (L.) and Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) C. Presl grown in Egypt. Natural Product Research, 30, 1197-1201.
FAO. (2014). The state of the world fisheries and aquaculture 2014. FAO, Rome, p 223.
FAO. (2015). FAO Global Aquaculture Production statistics database updated to 2013: Summary information. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.
Farghaly, A. R., Esmail, S., Abdel-Hafez, A., Vanelle, P. & El-Kashef, H. (2012). New pyrazole derivatives of potential biological activity. Arkivoc, 7, 228-241.
Fernando, W. D., Ramarathnam, R., Krishnamoorthy, A. S. & Savchuk, S. C. (2005). Identification and use of potential bacterial organic antifungal volatiles in biocontrol. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 37(5), 955-964.
Greene-McDowelle, D. M., Ingber, B., Wright, M. S., Zeringue, H. J., Bhatnagar, D. & Cleveland, T. E. (1999). The effects of selected cotton-leaf volatiles on growth, development and aflatoxin production of Aspergillus parasiticus. Toxicon, 37, 883-893.
Hodges, K., Hancock, S., Currell, K., Hamilton, B. & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2006). Pseudoephedrine enhances performance in 1500-m runners. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 38, 329-333.
Jiao, L., Li, X., Li, T., Jiang, P., Zhang, L., Wu, M. & Zhang, L. (2009). Characterization and anti-tumor activity of alkali-extracted polysamlharide from Enteromorphaintestinalis. International Immunopharmacology, 9, 324-329.
Jordán, M. J., Tandon, K., Shaw, P. E. & Goodner, K. L. (2001). Aromatic Profile of Aqueous Banana Essence and Banana Fruit by Gas Chromatography− Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography− Olfactometry (GC-O). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 49, 4813-4817.
Kengar, A. A. & Paratkar, G. T. (2015). International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology. International Journal of Current Research in Biosciences and Plant Biology, 2, 33-37.
Khani, M. H., Keshtkar, A. R., Ghannadi, M. & Pahlavanzadeh, H. (2008). Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic study of the biosorption of uranium onto Cystoseria indica algae. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 150, 612-618.
Kishimoto, T., Wanikawa, A., Kagami, N. & Kawatsura, K. (2005). Analysis of hop-derived terpenoids in beer and evaluation of their behavior using the stir bar sorptive extraction method with GC-MS. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53, 4701-4707.
Kovalenko, I., Zdyrko, B., Magasinski, A., Hertzberg, B., Milicev, Z., Burtovyy, R., Luzinov, I. & Yushin, G. (2011). A major constituent of brown algae for use in high-capacity Li-ion batteries. Science, 334, 75-79.
Liberman, L., Bonaccio, E., Hamele-Bena, D., Abramson, A. F., Cohen, M. A. & Dershaw, D. D. (1996). Benign and malignant phyllodes tumors: mammographic and sonographic findings. Radiology, 198, 121-124.
Li, D. Y., Xu, R. Y., Zhou, W. Z., Sheng, X. B., Yang, A. Y. & Cheng, J. L. (2002). Effects of fucoidan extracted from brown seaweed on lipid peroxidation in mice. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 24, 389-392.
Li, D. Y., Xu, Z., Huang, L. M., Wang, H. B. & Zhang, S. H. (2001). Effect of fucoidan of L. japonica on rats with hyperlipidaemia. Food Science, 22, 92-95.
Li, D. Y., Xu, Z. & Zhang, S. H. (1999). Prevention and cure of fucoidan of L. japonica on mice with hypercholesterolemia. Food Science, 20, 45-46.
Meenakshi, V. K., Veerabahu, C. & Roselin, K. F. (2013). GC-MS and IR Studies of ethanolic extract of colonial ascidian-Polyclinum madrasensis Sebastian, 1952. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 4, 1187-1198.
Minamizawa, K., Goto, H., Ohi, Y., Shimada, Y., Terasawa, K. & Haji, A. (2006). Effect of d-pseudoephedrine on cough reflex and its mode of action in guinea pigs. Journal of Pharmacological Sciences, 102, 136-142.
Mohebbi, G. H., Nabipour, I. & Vazirizadeh, A. (2014). The sea, the future pharmacy. Iranian South Medical Journal, 17, 748-788.
Mounesan, L., Nedjat, S., Majdzadeh, R., Rashidian, A. & Gholami, J. (2013). Only one third of Tehran's physicians are familiar with Evidence-Based Clinical Guidelines. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 4, 349.
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