مروری بر جنبه‌های بهداشتی مواد و پوشش‌های مورد استفاده برای بستهبندی مواد غذایی
محورهای موضوعی : بهداشت مواد غذایی
معصومه لطفی
1
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مجتبی بنیادیان
2
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1 - دانشگاه دولتی شهرکرد
2 - استاد گروه بهداشت و کنترل کیفی مواد غذایی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد-ایران
کلید واژه: بستهبندی, پوشش, موادغذایی ,
چکیده مقاله :
امروزه پیشرفت در فرآوری موادغذایی باعث شده است که تنوع بستهبندی موادغذایی بالا رود. بستهبندی مزایای فرآوری موادغذایی را پس از تکمیل فرآیند حفظ میکند و باعث میشود در فواصل طولانی و در زمان مصرف سالم باشند. همچنین، فناوری بستهبندی علاوه بر حفاظت از موادغذایی باید به مسائلی همچون هزینه های انرژی و مواد، آلاینده‌ها و دفع زباله‌ها هم توجه داشته باشد. تحولات بستهبندی در طول سالهای گذشته ارزش بستهبندی موادغذایی را برای جامعه ترسیم میکند. در بستهبندی موادغذایی از مواد کلاسیک مختلفی از جمله؛ پلاستیک‌ها، کاغذ و مقوا، شیشه، فلزات و نیز فیلم‌ها و پوشش‌های خوراکی استفاده میشود. از این بین کاغذ و مقوا از قدیمی‌ترین شکل بستهبندی قابل انعطاف میباشند و فلزات بیشترین مواد مورد استفاده در بستهبندی موادغذایی هستند. الزامات مربوط به بستهبندی و اقلامی که برای تماس با موادغذایی در نظر گرفته شدهاند به طور سیستماتیک در حال رشد هستند. در این مقاله سعی شده است با توجه به علاقه روزافزون مصرف کنندگان به مصرف محصولات تازه با ماندگاری طولانی و کیفیت کنترل شده و همچنین مسائل مربوط به محیط زیست، ضمن بررسی موادکلاسیک استفاده شده در بستهبندی، اهمیت بستهبندی و مفهوم کلی آن و تکنیک های بستهبندی موادغذایی که شامل بستهبندی وکیوم و آسپتیک است؛ هم پرداخته شود. همچنین مروری اجمالی بر تاریخچه تکامل مواد بستهبندی داشته باشد تا از مزایا و معایب هر کدام آگاه شویم.
Recently advances in food processing have led to an increase in the variety of food packaging. Packaging preserves the benefits of food processing after the process is complete, making it safe for long periods and at the time of consumption. In addition to protecting food, packaging technology must also address issues such as energy and material costs, pollutants, and waste disposal. Packaging developments over the past years illustrate the value of food packaging to society. Various classic materials are used in food packaging, including plastics, paper and cardboard, glass, metals, and edible films and coatings. Of these, paper and cardboard are the oldest forms of flexible packaging and Metals are the most commonly used materials in food packaging. Requirements for packaging and items intended for contact with food are systematically growing. In this article, an attempt has been made to examine the classic materials used in packaging, the importance of packaging and its general concept, and food packaging techniques, including vacuum and aseptic packaging, in light of consumers' increasing interest in consuming fresh products with long shelf life and controlled quality, as well as environmental issues. It should also provide a brief overview of the history and evolution of packaging materials so that we can become aware of their advantages and disadvantages.
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