اثر تخم‌کشی و بازدارندگی تخم‌ریزی اسانس چهار گونه اکالیپتوس روی سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Col.: Bruchidae)
محورهای موضوعی : حشره شناسی گیاهان زراعی
کلید واژه: اسانس گیاهی, تخم‌کشی, اکالیپتوس, بازدارندگی تخم‌ریزی, سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات,
چکیده مقاله :
بازدارندگی تخم ریزی اسانس چهار گونه اکالیپتوس شامل Eucalyptus sargentii Maiden، E. camaldulensis Dehn، E. grandis Hill et. Maiden وE. viminalis Labill روی این آفت بررسی شد. این آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی در پنج تکرار انجام شد. اسانس های گیاهی با روش تقطیر با آب تهیه شدند. آزمایش در شرایط دمایی 2±30 درجه‌ی سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±60 درصد و در تاریکی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که هر چهار اسانس گیاهی به طور معنی‌داری میزان تفریخ تخم آفت را کاهش دادند. بر اساس نتایج حاصله در غلظت 6/29 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا اسانس گیاهان E. sargentii، E. camaldulensis، E. grandis و E. viminalis به ترتیب باعث 100، 2/64، 4/74 و 2/56 درصد مرگ ومیر تخم سوسک چهارنقطه ای حبوبات شدند. مقادیر LC50 اثر تخم‌کشی برای گیاهان E. sargentiiE. camaldulensis، E. grandis و E. viminalis به ترتیب 8/8، 02/16، 3/14 و 4/16 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا محاسبه شد. هم چنین هر چهار گونه اسانس مورد مطالعه، به طور معنی داری باعث کاهش تخم ریزی سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات شدند. در غلظت 4/6 میکرولیتر بر لیتر هوا، اسانس گیاهان E. sargentii، E. camaldulensis، E. grandis و E. viminalis به ترتیب باعث 100، 100، 100و 1/66 درصد بازدارندگی تخم ریزی سوسک چهارنقطه ای حبوبات شدند.
In order to search for botanical products to control the main insect pest of stored cowpea, Callosobruchus maculatus, essential oils from four species of Eucalyptus including E. sargentii, E. camaldulensis, E. grandis and E. viminalis were tested for their ovicidal effects and oviposition deterrence against this pest in the laboratory. The experiment was conducted in five replications using a completely randomized design. The essential oils were prepared by water distillation method. Experiment was carried out at 30±2 °C and 60±5% RH under dark condition. Results showed that the entire four oils reduced percentage of egg hatching significantly. Concentration of 29.62 μl/l essential oils of E. sargentii, E. camaldulensis, E. grandis and E. viminaliscaused 100, 64.22, 74.35 and 56.22% mortalities of eggs, respectively. The LC50 values for ovicidal effects of essential oils of E. sargentii, E. camaldulensis, E. grandis and E. viminalis were found to be 8.82, 16.02, 14.29 and 16.37 μl/l, respectively. The essential oils of all tested plants, showed significant reduction of oviposition rate of cowpea weevil. The highest concentration (6.39 μl/l air) of essential oils of E. sargentii, E. camaldulensis, E. grandis and E. viminalis caused 100, 100, 100 and 66.11% oviposition deterrence, respectively.
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