مقایسه‌ی کارآیی نوع، رنگ و ارتفاع تله در شکار شب‌پره‌ی مینوز گوجه فرنگی Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) در منطقه‌ی ارومیه
محورهای موضوعی : حشره شناسی گیاهان زراعی
کلید واژه: ارومیه, شب‌پره‌ی مینوز گوجه‌فرنگی, تله‌ی دلتا, تله‌ی تشتی, ارتفاع,
چکیده مقاله :
شب‌پره ی مینوز گوجه فرنگی Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lep.: Gelechiidae) از آفات خطرناک گوجه فرنگی در شرایط مزرعه و گل خانه می باشد. این آفت در سال‌های اخیر در مناطق مختلف ایران شایع شده و خسارات جبران‌ناپذیری را به محصول وارد می سازد. روش‌های مختلفی برای کنترل این آفت در دنیا توصیه شده است، ولی با توجه به تازه بودن حضور آن در کشور، بررسی این روش‌ها در شرایط مختلف کلیمایی ضرورت دارد. یکی از این روش‌های کنترل، استفاده از تله های فرومونی با هدف شکار انبوه آفت است. در این تحقیق، کارآیی دو نوع تله (دلتا و تشت آب) با سه رنگ مختلف (زرد، سفید و سبز) در دو ارتفاع (5/0 و 1 متر از سطح زمین)، در چهار مزرعه ی مختلف شهرستان ارومیه باهم مقایسه شد. تله ها مصادف با ظهور حشرات کامل آفت در مزرعه نصب و افراد نر شکار شده در هر تله به صورت هفتگی شمارش گردیدند. نتایج نشان داد که رنگ تله در میزان جلب این آفت بی تأثیر بود و بیشترین میزان شکار مربوط به تله ی تشت آب با میانگین 07/161 حشره به ازای هر تله در هفت نوبت نمونه برداری به مدت 50 روز بود. همچنین اختلاف بین دو ارتفاع نصب تله، در سطح احتمال پنج درصد معنی‌دار بود و بیشترین شکار در ارتفاع نیم متری با 34/123 حشره در همان بازه مشاهده شد.
The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) is a serious pest of both outdoor and greenhouse tomatoes. The pest has recently been being distributed in Iran, causing serious damage. Different control techniques against this pest are recommended but considering its new introduction in Iran, these methods should be re-examined. Application of pheromone for mass trapping is one of those methods. In this research two types of traps (Sticky Delta and Pan trap), three different colors (white, yellow and green) and two elevations (0.5 and 1 m) were examined in four fields in Urmia, Azarbaijan-e-Gharbi province, Iran. Along with adults' emergence, the traps were placed in the fields. Captured moths were counted weekly. The pan trap with 161.07 males per trap had maximum rate of moth capture. Color of Traps did not have significant effect; however, the elevation of 0.5 m with 123.34 captured males was significantly different from the elevation of 1 m (p≤0.05).
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