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کد مقاله : 14543 بازدید : 185 صفحه: 59 - 70

10.22034/jest.2019.14543

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بررسی پرتوزایی محیطی در خاک‌های مرزی منطقه هویزه

محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)

رضا پورایمانی 1 , سیّد محسن مرتضوی شاهرودی 2

1 - دانشیار گروه فیزیک، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد فیزیک هسته‌ای، گروه فیزیک، دانشگاه اراک، اراک، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1348/10/11 تاریخ پذیرش : 1348/10/11 تاریخ انتشار : 1348/10/11

کلید واژه: آشکارساز HPGe, اورانیوم ضعیف شده, پرتوزایی محیطی, فعالیت معادل رادیوم,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: هسته های پرتوزا به صورت طبیعی و مصنوعی در آب، خاک، سنگ و هوا وجود دارند و همه انسان ها در معرض تابش های هسته ای قرار دارند. برخی از فعالیت های بشری مانند استفاده از سلاح های حاوی اورانیوم ضعیف شده در جنگ ها و یا سوانح هسته ای باعث افزایش پرتوزایی محیطی می شوند. با توجه به نزدیکی هویزه به مناطق جنگی کشور عراق، مطالعه پرتوزایی خاک این منطقه از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. روش بررسی: در این پژوهش 10 نمونه خاک از منطقه هویزه در نزدیکی مرز عراق مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. فعالیت ویژه هسته های پرتوزا با روش بیناب نمایی گاما و با استفاده از آشکارساز فوق خالص ژرمانیومی(HPGe) مدل GCD30195 با بازدهی نسبی 30% تعیین گردید. مقدار فعالیت معادل رادیوم، شاخص خطرپذیری داخلی و خارجی و کمیت های دزسنجی و همچنین ضریب همبستگی پیرسون بین مقادیر رادیوم، توریوم وپتاسیم محاسبه شد. یافته ها: مقادیرمیانگین فعالیت ویژه هسته های238U ،226Ra ، 232Th ،40Kو 137Cs در نمونه های خاک مورد مطالعه به ترتیب 09/34، 96/34، 84/34، 68/384 و 64/5 برحسب Bqkg-1 بدست آمد. مقادیر Hinو Hextدر نمونه ها به ترتیب از 37/0تا 49/0 و 25/0 تا37/0 تغییر می کند. ضریب همبستگی پیرسون بین تغییرات 226Ra و 232Th برابر 59/0 به دست آمد که همبستگی متوسطی را نشان می دهد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: مقدار میانگین Raeq درنمونه های مورد مطالعه Bqkg-1 39/114 به دست آمد که از مقدار میانگین جهانی (Bqkg-169/131) کم تر است.همه کمیت های رادیولوژیکی نمونه ها درسطح مجاز می باشند و نزدیک به میانگین جهانی است. آثاری از اورانیوم ضعیف شده در این منطقه مشاهده نگردید.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and objective: Natural and artificial radioactive nuclei exist in water, soil, stone and air, and all humans are exposed to nuclear radiation. Some human activities, such as application of the weapons containing depleted uranium in wars or nuclear accidents, cause an increased environmental radioactivity. Due to proximity of Hoveizeh region to the war zones in Iraq, it is important to study the radioactivity of soil in this region. Method: In this study, 10 soil samples were collected from Hoveizeh region near the Iraqi border. The specific activities of radionuclides were determined using the gamma ray spectrometry method employing a high purity germanium detector (HPGe), GCD30195 model with 30% relative efficiency. The radium equivalent activity, internal and external hazard indices (Hin and Hext) and radiological parameters and Pearson correlation coefficient among the values of radium, thorium and potassium were calculated. Findings: The mean specific activities of 238U, 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs in the soil samples were obtained as 34.09, 34.96, 34.84, 384.68 and 5.64 in Bqkg-1 respectively. The values of Hin and Hext in the samples varied from 0.37 to 0.49 and from 0.25 to 0.37, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient between 226Ra and 232Th was obtained as 0.59 showing a moderate correlation. Discussion and Conclusion: The average radium equivalent of the studied samples was obtained as 114.39 Bqkg-1 which is less than the world average value (131.69 Bqkg-1). All the quantities of radiological parameters were within the permissible level and close to the global average. No traces of depleted uranium were observed in the region.  

منابع و مأخذ:


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_||_

  1. El-Taher A, Uosif M.A., Orabi A.A., 2007. Natural radioactivity levels and radiation hazard indices in granite from Aswan to Wadi El-Allaqi southeastern desert, Egyptian Radiation Protection Dosimetry, 124(2), 148-154
    2.
  2. El-Arabi, A.M., 2007.  226Ra, 232Th and 40K concentration in igneous rocks from eastern desert Egypt and its radiological implication. Radiation Measurement, 42, 94-100.
    3.
  3. Singh P, Rana N, Azam A, Naqvi A, Srivastava D., 1996.  Levels of uranium in waters from some Indian cities determined by fission track analysis. Radiation Measurements, 26(5), 683-687
    4.
  4. Firestone B R, Shirley S V, Bagalin M C, Frank Chu SY, Zipkin J. The  Edition of Table of isotopes, CD-ROM, John Wiley & Sons Inc
    5.
  5. Wedepohl  KH., 1995. The composition of the continental crust. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 59,1217-1239
    6.
  6. McClain DE, Benson KA, Dalton TK, Ejnik J, Emond CA, Hodge SJ et al. 2001. Biological Effects of embedded depleted uranium (DU): summary of Armed Forces Radiology Research Institute report. Science of The Total Environment. 274(1-3), 115-118.
    7.
  7. Harb S., E-Kamel A. H., Zahran A. M., Abbady A., Ahmed F.A. 2014 .  Assessment of Natural Radioactivity in Soil and Water Samples from Aden Governorate South Of Yemen Region,  International Journal of Recent Research in Physics and Chemical Sciences (IJRRPCS) Vol. 1(1) , 1-7.
    8.
  8. Stojanović M., Stevanović D., Milojković J., Mihajlović  M., Lopičić Z., Šoštarić, 2012.  Influence of soil type and physical–chemical properties on uranium sorption and Bioavailability. Water Air Soil Pollution. 223,135-144.
    9.
  9. Anagnostakis M J , Hinis E P, Karangelos D J, Petropoulosi N P, Rouni P K, Simopoulps S E et al., 2001. Determination of depleted uranium in environmental samples by gamma spectroscopic techniques. Archive of Oncology, 9(4), 231-236
    10.
  10. IAEA, International Atomic Energy Agency.  Radiological conditions in selected areas of southern Iraq with residues of depleted uranium. Report by an international group of experts. Printed by the IAEA in Austria, Vienna. 2010, STI/PUB/1434
    11.
  11. International Atomic Energy Agency.  Collection and      Preparation of bottom sediment sample for analysis of radionuclides an trace element. IAEA- TECDOC-1360, IAEA; VIENNA; 2003.
    12.
  12. Aziz A, 1981. International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, Methods of Low-Level Counting and Spectrometry Symposium. Berlin. Vol. 221.
    13.
  13. Gilmore GR, Practical Gamma-ray Spectrometry, 2nd Edition, Nuclear Training Services Ltd Warrington, UK, 2008; ISBN: 978-0-470-86196-7
    14.
  14. UNSCEAR, 2008. United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Exposure from natural sources of radiation, United Nations publication sales No. 10.IX.3.
    15.
  15. UNSCEAR, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation. Sources, effects and risks of ionizing radiation. New York: United Nations; 2000
    16.
  16. Ahmed NK, Abbady A, El-arabi AM, Michel R, El-Kamel AH,  E.abbady AG., 2006. Comparative study of the natural Radioactivity of some selected rocks from Egypt and Germany. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 44, 209-215.
    17.
  17. Avwiri G O, Ononugbo C P, Nwokeoji I E., 2014. Radiation hazard indices and exess lifetime cancer risk in soil, sediment and water around mini-okoro/oginigba creek, port harcourt, rivers stete, Nigeria. Comprehensive Journal of Environment and Earth Sciences. 3(1), 38-50
    18.
  18. Pourimani R., Asadpour F., 2016. Determination of Specific Activities of Radionuclides in Soil and Their Transfer Factor from Soil to Bean and Calculation of Cancer Risk for Bean Consumption in Iran.  Arak Medical University Journal (AMUJ), 19(107), 9-18 (In Persian).
    19.
  19. Florou H., Kriditis P., 1992. Gamma radiation measurements and dose rate in the coastal areas of a volcanic island, Aegan Sea, Greece, Radiation Protection Dosimetry. 45 (1), 277–279.
    20.
  20. Ibrahiem, N.M., Shawky, S.M., Amer, H.A., 1995. "Radioactivity levels in Lake Nasser sediments", Appl. Radiat. Isot. 46 (5), 297–299.
    21.
  21. Lambrechts A., Foulquier L., Garnier-Laplace J., 1992. "Natural radioactivity in the aquatic components of the main French rivers", Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 45 (1), 253–256.
    22.
  22. Tsabaris C., Eleftheriou G., Kapsimalis V., Anagnostou C., Vlastou R., Durmishi C., Kedhi M., Kalfas C.A., 2007. " Radioactivity levels of recent sediments in the Butrint Lagoon and the adjacent coast of Albania", Appl. Radiat. Isot. 65 (4), 445–453.
    23.
  23. Ligero R.A., Ramos-Lerate I., Barrera  M., Casas-Ruiz  M., 2001. Relationships between sea-bed radionuclide activities and some sedimentological variables. J. Environ. Radioact. 57, 7–19.
    24.
  24. Benamar  M.A., Zerrouki A., Idiri  Z., Tobbeche S., 1997. Natural and artificial levels in sediments in Algiers Bay. Appl. Radiat. Isot. 48 (8),1161–1164.
    25.
  25. Doretti L., Ferrar D., Barison G., Gerbasi R., Battiston G., 1992. Natural radionuclides in the muds and waters used in thermal therapy in Abano Terme, Italy. Radiat. Prot. Dosim. 45 (1), 175–178.
    26.

 

 

 

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