ارزیابی شدت تخریب منابع آب زیرزمینی با استفاده از مدل اصلاحی بیابان زایی IMDPA و GIS در دشت شیراز استان فارس
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت منابع آب
سعیده برزگر
1
(- کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت محیط زیست، دانشکده محیط زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران.)
مسعود مسعودی
2
(- دانشیار بخش مهندسی منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران(مسوول مکاتبات).)
تاریخ دریافت : 1348/10/11
تاریخ پذیرش : 1348/10/11
تاریخ انتشار : 1348/10/11
کلید واژه:
آب‌های زیرزمینی,
کلاس خطر,
تخریب,
GIS,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: بسیاری از عرصه های منابع طبیعی و کشاورزی در اثر استفاده بی رویه و عدم مدیریت صحیح آب های زیرزمینی تبدیل به بیابان گردیده اند. علت بیابان زایی و تخریب سرزمین علاوه بر عوامل طبیعی ناشی از عملکرد نادرست انسان می باشد که پیامد هایی مانند شور شدن و افت سطح آب زیرزمینی را به همراه دارد. در این راستا به منظور برنامه ریزی مقابله با تخریب منابع آب زیرزمینی، ارزیابی شدت تخریب منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت شیراز انجام گردید. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه از مدل اصلاحیIMDPA برای تعیین شدت تخریب منابع آب زیرزمینی استفاده شد. نقشه نهایی تخریب منابع آب زیرزمینی از تلفیق لایه های اطلاعاتی شاخص های معیار آب حاصل شد. یافته ها: نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق نشان داد که در حدود 55 درصد از منابع آب زیر زمینی قسمت اصلی دشت شیراز در کلاس خطر متوسط و در حدود 30 درصد در کلاس خطر شدید و خیلی شدید تخریب قرار دارند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که شاخص هدایت الکتریکی بیش ترین تاثیر را در تخریب منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت شیراز داشته است. هم چنین مشخص شد که مدل پیشنهادی کارایی خوبی برای برآورد شدت تخریب منابع آب زیرزمینی دارد. لذا پیشنهاد می شود این مدل در مناطق مشابه برای تعیین شدت تخریب منابع آب زیرزمینی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Many agriculture and natural resources have turned into desert due to overuse and mismanagement of groundwater. The main cause of desertification and land degradation, in addition to natural factors, is improper human activities that lead to some consequences such as salinity and lowering the groundwater level. In this regard, the degradation severity assessment of groundwater resources was done in Shiraz plain to plan for encountering the degradation of groundwater resources. Method: In this study, the modified IMDPA model was used to determine the severity of groundwater resources degradation. The final map of groundwater resources degradation was created by integrating the information layers of indices of water criterion. Findings: The results of this study indicated that about 55% of the main part of the plain is under moderate hazard class of water degradation and about 30% of it is under severe and very severe hazard classes of water degradation. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the electrical conductivity index had the greatest impact on the degradation of groundwater resources in Shiraz plain. Moreover, it was found that the proposed model has a good performance in estimating the severity of groundwater resources degradation. Therefore, the model is recommended to be applied in similar areas to determine the severity of groundwater resources degradation.
منابع و مأخذ:
Sedaghat, M., 2007. Land and Water Resources (Groundwater), Sixth Edition, Tehran, Payame Noor Publication. (In Persian)
Foster, S., 1998. Groundwater: assessing vulnerability and promoting protection of a threatened resource, Stockholm water symposium.
3.Abdi, J., 2007. Investigation and preparation of desertification intensity map based on IMDPA model with emphasis on two criteria of water and soil in Abu Zaidabad, Master's Thesis, University of Tehran, Natural Resources Faculty, P. 118. (In Persian)
Dolatshahi, R., 2007. Preparation of desertification intensity map based on IMDPA model with emphasis three criteria of water, Soil and vegetation (Case Study: South Garmsar), Master's Thesis, Tehran University, Natural Resources Faculty, P. 133. (In Persian)
Razavi, M., 2008. Determination and Investigation of Severity of Desertification Using the IMDPA Model with Emphasis on Water, Soil, Vegetation and Climate Criteria (Case Study: Desert Meighan). Master's Thesis, Department of natural resources, University of Tehran, P. 100. (In Persian)
Esfandiari, M., Hakimzadeh Ardakani, M., 2010. Assessing the actual status of desertification, with an emphasis on soil resource degradation based on the IMDPA model (case study: Abadeh Tashk-Fars), Journal of rangeland and desert research Iran. No. 4:624 -631. (In Persian)
Zhehtabian, Gh., Esfandiari, M., 2010. Investigating the effects of agricultural development and exploitation of groundwater resources on desertification of Tashk Area (Fars Province), Journal of aridboom. No. 2: 1-8. (In Persian)
Esfandiari, M., Hakimzadeh M.A., Ekhtesasi, M.R., Zahtabian, Gh.R., 2009. Evaluation of theseverity of desertification with Water Criterion Using the IMDPA Model (Case Study: Tashk, Fars), The first international conference of water resources management, Shahrud, Iran.
Azareh, A., Zahtabian, Gh., Nazari Samani, A.A., Khosravi, H., 2015. Monitoring the desertification of Garmsar plain with Emphasizing the two criteria of water and agriculture, Pasture and Watershed Journal, Iranian Natural Resources Journal. No 3: 427-439. (In Persian)
Vesali, A., 2008. Investigation of Biophysical Indices of Severity of Desertification Affected by Human Activities (Case Study: Kashan and Aran Bidgol), Master's Thesis, University of Tehran, Faculty of Natural Resources, P. 191. (In Persian)
Nateghi, S., Zahtabian, G., Ahmadi, H., 2009. Evaluation of Desertification Severity in Segzi Plain Using the IMDPA model, Pasture and Watershed Journal, Iranian Natural Resources Journal. No.3:419-430. (In Persian)
Tabatabaifar, M., Zahtabian, gh., Rahimi, m., Khosravi, H., Niko, SH., 2013. Assessment of the effect of climate change changes and groundwater condition on the severity of desertification of Garmsar plain, Journal of Desert Management. No. 2:39-48. (In Persian)
Izadi, A., Davari, K., Alizadeh, A., ghahraman, B., 2008. Application of combined data model in predicting groundwater level, Iranian Irrigation and drainage Journal. No. 2: 133-144. (In Persian)
The Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW), 2007. Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of groundwater Contamination. Published by: Department of Environment and Conservation NSW, Website:www.environment.nsw.gov.au.
Ahmadi, h., 2005. The final report determination plan of desertification criteria and indicators in Iran, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P. 125. (In Persian)
Makhdoum Farkhondeh, M., Darvishsefat, A.A., Jafarzadeh, E., Makhdoum, A.R., 2011. Environmental assessment and planning with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Sixth Edition, Tehran University Press, P. 220. (In Persian)
Shakerian, N., Zehtabian, Gh., Azarnivand, H., Khosravi, H., 2011. Investigating the current status of desertification in Jarghouyeh region of Isfahan using IMDPA model (with emphasis on water, soil and vegetation criteria), Journal of Pasture and Watershed.No. 4: 411 -421. (In Persian)
Shokoohi, A., Zahtabiyan, Gh., Tavili, A., 2012. The zoning of desertification status in Khezrabad-Allahabadad region in Yazd plain using IMDPA model with emphasis on Water and soil criteria, Journal of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. No. 4:517 -528. (In Persian)
Massoudi, R., Zhehtabian, Gh., Ahmadi, h., Khalighi Sygarudi, sh., 2015. Assessment of Desertification Based on Two Criteria of Water and Climate (Case Study: Kashan Plain), Journal of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. No. 4:711 -723. (In Persian)
Zakeri Nejad R, Masoudi M, Fallah Shamsi S.R, Afzali S. F 2011. Evaluation of Severity of desertification with Groundwater criterion and Using Geographic Information System, A Case Study: Zarrin Dasht in Fars, Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering. No. 7: 1-10. (In Persian)
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Sedaghat, M., 2007. Land and Water Resources (Groundwater), Sixth Edition, Tehran, Payame Noor Publication. (In Persian)
Foster, S., 1998. Groundwater: assessing vulnerability and promoting protection of a threatened resource, Stockholm water symposium.
3.Abdi, J., 2007. Investigation and preparation of desertification intensity map based on IMDPA model with emphasis on two criteria of water and soil in Abu Zaidabad, Master's Thesis, University of Tehran, Natural Resources Faculty, P. 118. (In Persian)
Dolatshahi, R., 2007. Preparation of desertification intensity map based on IMDPA model with emphasis three criteria of water, Soil and vegetation (Case Study: South Garmsar), Master's Thesis, Tehran University, Natural Resources Faculty, P. 133. (In Persian)
Razavi, M., 2008. Determination and Investigation of Severity of Desertification Using the IMDPA Model with Emphasis on Water, Soil, Vegetation and Climate Criteria (Case Study: Desert Meighan). Master's Thesis, Department of natural resources, University of Tehran, P. 100. (In Persian)
Esfandiari, M., Hakimzadeh Ardakani, M., 2010. Assessing the actual status of desertification, with an emphasis on soil resource degradation based on the IMDPA model (case study: Abadeh Tashk-Fars), Journal of rangeland and desert research Iran. No. 4:624 -631. (In Persian)
Zhehtabian, Gh., Esfandiari, M., 2010. Investigating the effects of agricultural development and exploitation of groundwater resources on desertification of Tashk Area (Fars Province), Journal of aridboom. No. 2: 1-8. (In Persian)
Esfandiari, M., Hakimzadeh M.A., Ekhtesasi, M.R., Zahtabian, Gh.R., 2009. Evaluation of theseverity of desertification with Water Criterion Using the IMDPA Model (Case Study: Tashk, Fars), The first international conference of water resources management, Shahrud, Iran.
Azareh, A., Zahtabian, Gh., Nazari Samani, A.A., Khosravi, H., 2015. Monitoring the desertification of Garmsar plain with Emphasizing the two criteria of water and agriculture, Pasture and Watershed Journal, Iranian Natural Resources Journal. No 3: 427-439. (In Persian)
Vesali, A., 2008. Investigation of Biophysical Indices of Severity of Desertification Affected by Human Activities (Case Study: Kashan and Aran Bidgol), Master's Thesis, University of Tehran, Faculty of Natural Resources, P. 191. (In Persian)
Nateghi, S., Zahtabian, G., Ahmadi, H., 2009. Evaluation of Desertification Severity in Segzi Plain Using the IMDPA model, Pasture and Watershed Journal, Iranian Natural Resources Journal. No.3:419-430. (In Persian)
Tabatabaifar, M., Zahtabian, gh., Rahimi, m., Khosravi, H., Niko, SH., 2013. Assessment of the effect of climate change changes and groundwater condition on the severity of desertification of Garmsar plain, Journal of Desert Management. No. 2:39-48. (In Persian)
Izadi, A., Davari, K., Alizadeh, A., ghahraman, B., 2008. Application of combined data model in predicting groundwater level, Iranian Irrigation and drainage Journal. No. 2: 133-144. (In Persian)
The Department of Environment and Conservation (NSW), 2007. Guidelines for the Assessment and Management of groundwater Contamination. Published by: Department of Environment and Conservation NSW, Website:www.environment.nsw.gov.au.
Ahmadi, h., 2005. The final report determination plan of desertification criteria and indicators in Iran, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran, P. 125. (In Persian)
Makhdoum Farkhondeh, M., Darvishsefat, A.A., Jafarzadeh, E., Makhdoum, A.R., 2011. Environmental assessment and planning with Geographic Information Systems (GIS), Sixth Edition, Tehran University Press, P. 220. (In Persian)
Shakerian, N., Zehtabian, Gh., Azarnivand, H., Khosravi, H., 2011. Investigating the current status of desertification in Jarghouyeh region of Isfahan using IMDPA model (with emphasis on water, soil and vegetation criteria), Journal of Pasture and Watershed.No. 4: 411 -421. (In Persian)
Shokoohi, A., Zahtabiyan, Gh., Tavili, A., 2012. The zoning of desertification status in Khezrabad-Allahabadad region in Yazd plain using IMDPA model with emphasis on Water and soil criteria, Journal of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. No. 4:517 -528. (In Persian)
Massoudi, R., Zhehtabian, Gh., Ahmadi, h., Khalighi Sygarudi, sh., 2015. Assessment of Desertification Based on Two Criteria of Water and Climate (Case Study: Kashan Plain), Journal of Rangeland and Watershed Management, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources. No. 4:711 -723. (In Persian)
Zakeri Nejad R, Masoudi M, Fallah Shamsi S.R, Afzali S. F 2011. Evaluation of Severity of desertification with Groundwater criterion and Using Geographic Information System, A Case Study: Zarrin Dasht in Fars, Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering. No. 7: 1-10. (In Persian)
