پهنهبندی مناطق دارای پتانسیل زوال بلوط ایرانی با تکنیک تاپسیس و عوامل موثر بر آن در جنگلهای ایلام
محورهای موضوعی :
پهنه بندی گیاهی
محمد جواد مرادی
1
,
هادی کیادلیری
2
,
ساسان بابایی کفاکی
3
,
حسین باخدا
4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداری، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار، گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
4 - استادیار، گروه مکانیزاسیون کشاورزی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی و صنایع غذایی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1399/01/11
تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/04/24
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/05/01
کلید واژه:
Querqus brantii,
فازی,
AHP,
زاگرس,
ارزیابی چند معیاره,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: طی دهه گذشته پدیده زوال، جنگلهای ارزشمند درختان بلوط را در منطقه زاگرس در غرب ایران درگیر نموده است. بلوط ایرانی به عنوان مهمترین گونه درختی این جنگل‍ها بیشتر از هر گونه دیگری از این موضوع آسیب دیده است. از سوی دیگر پارامترهای زیادی در بروز این پدیده دخیل می باشند. هدف از این مطالعه شناسایی مناطق با پتانسیل بالای زوال و تعیین مهمترین پارامترهای مؤثر بر آن بوده است.روش بررسی: بدین منظور در این مطالعه با استفاده از روش‍های ارزیابی چند معیاره مبتنی بر GIS -روش TOPSIS- و منطق فازی در خرداد 1398 اقدام به تهیه نقشه پهنهبندی پتانسیل زوال برای دو توده انتخابی دالاب و چقاسبز در شهرستان ایلام شد تا مناطق با ریسک بالای زوال آشکار شود. به منظور تعیین وزن پارامترها از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی استفاده شد.یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که در توده دالاب 25 % و در توده چقاسبز در حدود 60 % از سطح توده به عنوان کانون پتانسیل زوال می باشد، اما هر دو توده انتخاب شده دارای پتانسیل زوال در تمام سطوح است. توده چقاسبز به خاطر مشکلات اقتصادی- اجتماعی، بیشتر در معرض زوال قرار دارد. همچنین پارامترهای بارش، آفات و بیماری ها و پارامترهای اقتصادی اجتماعی بیشترین تاثیر را بر زوال بلوط ها داشته‍اند.بحث و نتیجه گیری: این نتایج لزوم تمرکز بیشتر مدیریت مناطق را بر طراحی برنامه‍های حفاظتی استراتژیک تایید می نماید.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and objective: Over the past decade, the decline phenomenon has affected the valuable forests of this tree in the Zagros region in western Iran. Persian Oak as the most important tree species has been damaged more than any other species. On the other hand, many parameters are involved in this phenomenon. The purpose of this study is to identify areas with high potential for deterioration and determine the most important parameters affecting it.Materials and Methods: For this purpose, in this study, using multi-criteria evaluation methods based on GIS - TOPSIS method - and fuzzy logic, in June 2019 the zoning map of decline potential was prepared for the two selected stand of Dalab and Chaghasabz in Ilam city to reveal areas with high risk of decline. Hierarchical analysis process (AHP) was used to determine the weight of the parameters.Findings: The results showed that in Dalab %25 and in Choghasbz about %60 of the stand area as the center of potential for decline, but both selected stands had the potential for decline at all levels. Chaghasabz is more prone to decline due to socio-economic problems. Also rainfall, pests and diseases and socioeconomic parameters have the greatest impact on Oak decline.Conclusion: These results confirm the need for greater focus of area management on the design of strategic protection plans.
منابع و مأخذ:
Keenan, R.J., Reams, G.A., Achard, F., de Freitas, J.V., Grainger, A. and Lindquist, E., 2015. Dynamics of global forest area: Results from the FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015. Forest Ecology and Management, 352, pp.9-20. Changes in Global Forest Resources from 1990 to 2015.
Karami, O., Fallah, A., Shataei, S. and Latifi, H., 2017. Investigation on the feasibility of mapping of oak forest dieback severity using Worldview-2 satellite data (case study: Ilam forests). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 25(3): 452-462. (In Persian).
Ahmadi, R., Kiadaliri, H., Mataji, A. and Kafaki, S., 2014. Oak forest decline zonation using AHP model and GIS technique in Zagros forests of Ilam province. J Biodivers Environ Sci, 4(3): 141-150.
Ghadirian, O., Hemami, M.R., Soffianian, A., Pourmanafi, S., Malekian, M. 2018. The Zoning of Lorestan Province’s forests decline risk using logistic regression model. Journal of Animal Environment, 10(3): 495-502. (In Persian)
Mahdavi, A., Mirzaei Zadeh, V., Niknezhad, M., Karami, O. 2015. Assessment and prediction of oak trees decline using logistic regression model (Case study: Bivareh forest, Malekshahi-Ilam). Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research. 13(1): 20-33. (In Persian)
Amir Ahmadi, B. Zolfaghari, R. and Mirzaei, M.R. 2015. Relation between Dieback of Quercus brantii Lindl. Trees with Ecological and Sylvicultural Factors, (Study Area: Dena Protected Area). Ecology of Iranian Forests, 3(6): 19-27. (In Persian)
Kooh Soltani, S., Alesheikh, A.A., Ghermezcheshmeh, B., Mehri, S. 2018. An evaluation of potential Oak decline Forest of the Zagros using GIS, RS, FAHP methods. Iranian Journal of Ecohydrology, 5(2): 713-725. (In Persian)
Alesheikh, A.A. and Mehri, S. 2019. Modeling oak decline using artificial neural networks. Scientific-Research Quarterly of Geographical Data (SEPEHR). 28(110): 65-76. (In Persian)
Goodarzi, N., Zargaran, M.R., Banj Shafiei, A. Tavakoli, M. 2016. The effect of geographical directions and location on dispersion of Oak decline, Shurab forest area, Lorestan Province, Iran. Forest Research and Development, 23(3): 273-287. (In Persian)
Hosseinzadeh, J. and Pourhashemi, M. 2015. An investigation on the relationship between crown indices and the severity of oak forests decline in Ilam. Iranian Journal of Forest, 7(1): 57-66. (In Persian)
Zandebasiri, M. and Pourhashemi, M., 2016. The place of AHP method among Multi Criteria Decision Making methods in forest management. International Journal of Applied Operational Research-An Open Access Journal, 6(2): 75-89.
Pourhashemi, M., Jahanbazi Goujani, H., Hoseinzade, J., Bordbar, S.K., Iranmanesh, Y., Khodakarami, Y. 2017. The history of oak decline in Zagros forests. Journal of Iran Nature, 2(1): 30-37. (In Persian)
Hamzehpour, M., Kia-daliri, H., Bordbar, K. 2011. Preliminary study of manna oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) tree decline in Dashte-Barm of Kazeroon, Fars province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 19(2): 352-363. (In Persian)
Hosseini, A. 2014. Effects of some of Persian oak tree and stand characteristics on crown dieback rate in oak forests of medium Zagros. Journal of Zagros Forests Research, 1(1): 37-50. (In Persian)
Fan, Z., Fan, X., Crosby, M.K., Moser, W.K., He, H., Spetich, M.A. and Shifley, S.R., 2012. Spatio-temporal trends of oak decline and mortality under periodic regional drought in the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri. Forests, 3(3): 614-631.
Wang, W., Peng, C., Kneeshaw, D.D., Larocque, G.R. and Luo, Z., 2012. Drought-induced tree mortality: ecological consequences, causes, and modeling. Environmental Reviews, 20(2): 109-121.
Hosseini, A., Hosseini, S.M. and Calderón, J.C.L., 2017. Site factors and stand conditions associated with Persian oak decline in Zagros mountain forests. Forest systems, 26(3), e014, 13pp.
Linares, J.C., Taïqui, L. and Camarero, J.J., 2011. Increasing drought sensitivity and decline of Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica) in the Moroccan Middle Atlas forests. Forests, 2(3): 777-796.
Attarod, P., Sadeghi, S.M.M., Pypker, T.G. and Bayramzadeh, V., 2017. Oak treesdecline; a sign of climate variability impacts in the west of Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 15(4): 373-384.
Hosseini, A. 2012. Infestation of forest trees to the borer beetle and its relation to habitat conditions in the Persian oak (Quercus brantii) in Ilam Province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research. 9(1): 53-66. (In Persian)
Kabrick, J.M., Dey, D.C., Jensen, R.G. and Wallendorf, M., 2008. The role of environmental factors in oak decline and mortality in the Ozark Highlands. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(5-6): 1409-1417.
Gentilesca, T., Camarero, J.J., Colangelo, M., Nole, A. and Ripullone, F., 2017. Drought-induced oak decline in the western Mediterranean region: an overview on current evidences, mechanisms and management options to improve forest resilience. iForest-Biogeosciences and Forestry, 10(5), p.796.
Mahdavi A., Maleki A., Bazgir M. 2019. Soil properties and carbon sequestration in Persian oak (Quercus brantii var. persica) forests, Iran. Journal of Forest Science, 65: 247-255.
Ilam Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management Report. 2013. Report of Forest, Rangeland and Watershed Management Unit, Ilam. 273 pp. (In Persian)
Saaty, T.L., 1990. How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. European journal of operational research, 48(1): 9-26.
Muhammadi, J., Bagheri, K., Zandi, K., Nadipoor, N. M. 2015. Spatial Analysis and Ranking of Towns of Khuzestan Province In Terms of Development of ICT Indicators Using TOPSIS and AHP Techniques. Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism 5(2): 69-76.
Hwang, C. L., Yoon. K. 1981. Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications, A State-of-the-Art Survey, Springer–Verlag. Berlin Heidelberg New York 1981 261pp.
Jenkins, M.A. and Pallardy, S.G., 1995. The influence of drought on red oak group species growth and mortality in the Missouri Ozarks. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 25(7), pp.1119-1127.
Rostamian, M., Kavosi, M.R., Bazgir, E. and Babanejad, M. 2017. The relationship between oak charcoal disease (Biscogniauxia mediterranea) and borer beetles in the Zagros forests, Khorram Abad. J. of Wood & Forest Science and Technology, 24 (3): 127-141. (In Persian)
Aber, J.S., Wallace, J. and Nowak, M.C., 2002. Response of forest to climatic events and human management at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas (Vol. 248). Kansas Geological Survey. Current Research in Earth Sciences, Bulletin 248, part 1 (http://www.kgs.ukans.edu/Current/2002/aber/aber1.html)
_||_
Keenan, R.J., Reams, G.A., Achard, F., de Freitas, J.V., Grainger, A. and Lindquist, E., 2015. Dynamics of global forest area: Results from the FAO Global Forest Resources Assessment 2015. Forest Ecology and Management, 352, pp.9-20. Changes in Global Forest Resources from 1990 to 2015.
Karami, O., Fallah, A., Shataei, S. and Latifi, H., 2017. Investigation on the feasibility of mapping of oak forest dieback severity using Worldview-2 satellite data (case study: Ilam forests). Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 25(3): 452-462. (In Persian).
Ahmadi, R., Kiadaliri, H., Mataji, A. and Kafaki, S., 2014. Oak forest decline zonation using AHP model and GIS technique in Zagros forests of Ilam province. J Biodivers Environ Sci, 4(3): 141-150.
Ghadirian, O., Hemami, M.R., Soffianian, A., Pourmanafi, S., Malekian, M. 2018. The Zoning of Lorestan Province’s forests decline risk using logistic regression model. Journal of Animal Environment, 10(3): 495-502. (In Persian)
Mahdavi, A., Mirzaei Zadeh, V., Niknezhad, M., Karami, O. 2015. Assessment and prediction of oak trees decline using logistic regression model (Case study: Bivareh forest, Malekshahi-Ilam). Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research. 13(1): 20-33. (In Persian)
Amir Ahmadi, B. Zolfaghari, R. and Mirzaei, M.R. 2015. Relation between Dieback of Quercus brantii Lindl. Trees with Ecological and Sylvicultural Factors, (Study Area: Dena Protected Area). Ecology of Iranian Forests, 3(6): 19-27. (In Persian)
Kooh Soltani, S., Alesheikh, A.A., Ghermezcheshmeh, B., Mehri, S. 2018. An evaluation of potential Oak decline Forest of the Zagros using GIS, RS, FAHP methods. Iranian Journal of Ecohydrology, 5(2): 713-725. (In Persian)
Alesheikh, A.A. and Mehri, S. 2019. Modeling oak decline using artificial neural networks. Scientific-Research Quarterly of Geographical Data (SEPEHR). 28(110): 65-76. (In Persian)
Goodarzi, N., Zargaran, M.R., Banj Shafiei, A. Tavakoli, M. 2016. The effect of geographical directions and location on dispersion of Oak decline, Shurab forest area, Lorestan Province, Iran. Forest Research and Development, 23(3): 273-287. (In Persian)
Hosseinzadeh, J. and Pourhashemi, M. 2015. An investigation on the relationship between crown indices and the severity of oak forests decline in Ilam. Iranian Journal of Forest, 7(1): 57-66. (In Persian)
Zandebasiri, M. and Pourhashemi, M., 2016. The place of AHP method among Multi Criteria Decision Making methods in forest management. International Journal of Applied Operational Research-An Open Access Journal, 6(2): 75-89.
Pourhashemi, M., Jahanbazi Goujani, H., Hoseinzade, J., Bordbar, S.K., Iranmanesh, Y., Khodakarami, Y. 2017. The history of oak decline in Zagros forests. Journal of Iran Nature, 2(1): 30-37. (In Persian)
Hamzehpour, M., Kia-daliri, H., Bordbar, K. 2011. Preliminary study of manna oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) tree decline in Dashte-Barm of Kazeroon, Fars province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Poplar Research, 19(2): 352-363. (In Persian)
Hosseini, A. 2014. Effects of some of Persian oak tree and stand characteristics on crown dieback rate in oak forests of medium Zagros. Journal of Zagros Forests Research, 1(1): 37-50. (In Persian)
Fan, Z., Fan, X., Crosby, M.K., Moser, W.K., He, H., Spetich, M.A. and Shifley, S.R., 2012. Spatio-temporal trends of oak decline and mortality under periodic regional drought in the Ozark Highlands of Arkansas and Missouri. Forests, 3(3): 614-631.
Wang, W., Peng, C., Kneeshaw, D.D., Larocque, G.R. and Luo, Z., 2012. Drought-induced tree mortality: ecological consequences, causes, and modeling. Environmental Reviews, 20(2): 109-121.
Hosseini, A., Hosseini, S.M. and Calderón, J.C.L., 2017. Site factors and stand conditions associated with Persian oak decline in Zagros mountain forests. Forest systems, 26(3), e014, 13pp.
Linares, J.C., Taïqui, L. and Camarero, J.J., 2011. Increasing drought sensitivity and decline of Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica) in the Moroccan Middle Atlas forests. Forests, 2(3): 777-796.
Attarod, P., Sadeghi, S.M.M., Pypker, T.G. and Bayramzadeh, V., 2017. Oak treesdecline; a sign of climate variability impacts in the west of Iran. Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences, 15(4): 373-384.
Hosseini, A. 2012. Infestation of forest trees to the borer beetle and its relation to habitat conditions in the Persian oak (Quercus brantii) in Ilam Province. Iranian Journal of Forest and Range Protection Research. 9(1): 53-66. (In Persian)
Kabrick, J.M., Dey, D.C., Jensen, R.G. and Wallendorf, M., 2008. The role of environmental factors in oak decline and mortality in the Ozark Highlands. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(5-6): 1409-1417.
Gentilesca, T., Camarero, J.J., Colangelo, M., Nole, A. and Ripullone, F., 2017. Drought-induced oak decline in the western Mediterranean region: an overview on current evidences, mechanisms and management options to improve forest resilience. iForest-Biogeosciences and Forestry, 10(5), p.796.
Mahdavi A., Maleki A., Bazgir M. 2019. Soil properties and carbon sequestration in Persian oak (Quercus brantii var. persica) forests, Iran. Journal of Forest Science, 65: 247-255.
Ilam Department of Natural Resources and Watershed Management Report. 2013. Report of Forest, Rangeland and Watershed Management Unit, Ilam. 273 pp. (In Persian)
Saaty, T.L., 1990. How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. European journal of operational research, 48(1): 9-26.
Muhammadi, J., Bagheri, K., Zandi, K., Nadipoor, N. M. 2015. Spatial Analysis and Ranking of Towns of Khuzestan Province In Terms of Development of ICT Indicators Using TOPSIS and AHP Techniques. Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism 5(2): 69-76.
Hwang, C. L., Yoon. K. 1981. Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications, A State-of-the-Art Survey, Springer–Verlag. Berlin Heidelberg New York 1981 261pp.
Jenkins, M.A. and Pallardy, S.G., 1995. The influence of drought on red oak group species growth and mortality in the Missouri Ozarks. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 25(7), pp.1119-1127.
Rostamian, M., Kavosi, M.R., Bazgir, E. and Babanejad, M. 2017. The relationship between oak charcoal disease (Biscogniauxia mediterranea) and borer beetles in the Zagros forests, Khorram Abad. J. of Wood & Forest Science and Technology, 24 (3): 127-141. (In Persian)
Aber, J.S., Wallace, J. and Nowak, M.C., 2002. Response of forest to climatic events and human management at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas (Vol. 248). Kansas Geological Survey. Current Research in Earth Sciences, Bulletin 248, part 1 (http://www.kgs.ukans.edu/Current/2002/aber/aber1.html)
