تجزیه و تحلیل سوابق حوادث ناشی از کار در معادن زیرزمینی زغال‌سنگ ایران با رویکرد ایمنی
محورهای موضوعی :
مدیریت محیط زیست، بهداشت و ایمنی
فاطمه نوروز
1
,
هانیه نیکومرام
2
,
فرهاد غفاری
3
1 - دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت محیط‌زیست (HSE)، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار، دانشکده منابع‌طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشیار، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1397/02/30
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/04/06
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/02/01
کلید واژه:
علت حادثه,
زغال‌سنگ,
معدن زیرزمینی,
تجزیه و تحلیل حادثه,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: کار در معادن زیرزمینی زغال سنگ به دلیل شرایط کاری خاص، وجود ریسک فاکتورهای فراوان و رخداد حوادث متعدد،درزمره یکی از پرمخاطره ترین مشاغل قرار دارد. این مطالعه با هدف بررسی و اولویت بندی علل حوادث در معادن زیرزمینی زغال سنگ ایران انجام گرفته است.روش بررسی: پژوهش حاضر توصیفی- تحلیلی است که با بررسی 247 گزارش حادثه در معادن زیرزمینی زغال سنگ در سه استان کشور طی یک دوره 11 ساله (1384 تا 1394)، به منظور بررسی و رتبه بندی علل حوادث انجام یافت. در این مطالعه طبقه بندی حوادث عمدتا براساس راهنمای اداره ایمنی و بهداشت معادن آمریکا صورت گرفت، همچنین تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها به کمک نرم افزار SPSS انجام پذیرفت.یافته ها: 76 و 24 % از حوادث مورد بررسی به ترتیب در بخش استخراج و آماده سازی کارگاه استخراج اتفاق افتاده بودند، به طوری که بیشترین درصد فراوانی رخداد حوادث مربوط به ریزش سقف و کمر بالای کار بوده است. ریزش سقف به هنگام استخراج، نصب استحکامات و تعمیرات به عنوان مهم ترین علل اصلی و عدم انجام مطالعات شناسایی خطر به عنوان مهم ترین علل ریشه ای وقوع حوادث گزارش شدند.بحث و نتیجه گیری: عدم پایداری سقف کارگاه به عنوان مهم ترین علت واسطه ای وقوع حوادث را می توان با تقویت سیستم های نگه داری و اصلاح تکنولوژی موجود به طور موثر بهبود بخشید. همچنین نهادینه کردن فرآیند شناسایی خطرات و به کارگیری اقدامات کنترلی موثر و مناسب به منظور جلوگیری از وقوع حوادث و کاهش پیامدهای آن در راس برنامه های مدیریت معادن ضروری می باشد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Working in underground coal mines is considered as one of the most dangerous jobs due to the special work conditions, existence of too many risk factors and also the occurrence of various accidents. The aim of this study was to investigate and prioritize the causes of the accidents happened in underground coal mines in Iran.Method: In this descriptive-analytical study, 247 accidents occurred in the underground coal mines of three Iranian provinces during an 11-year period (2004-2015) were assessed to analyze and prioritize the causes of the accidents. The accidents were classified based on the US Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) handbook and the data were analyzed using SPSS software tool. Findings: 76% and 24% of the accidents were occurred in the exploration phase and in the preparation of exploration workshop, respectively, where the highest percentage frequency of the accidents was related to the roof fall. According to results, roof fall in the exploration phase, the installation of fortification and maintenance activities were reported as the most important immediate causes of the accidents. Lack of hazard identification studies was also reported as the most important root cause of the accidents occurrence. Discussion and Conclusion: Instability of the workshop roof, as the most important intermediate cause, could effectively be improved by strengthening the roof support system and modifying the existing technology in mines. It is also necessary to highlight the hazard identification process and the implementation of control measures in mine management plan to prevent the occurrence of the accidents and to reduce their consequences.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Liang K, Liu J, Wang C. The coal mine accident causation model based on the hazard theory. Procedia Engineering. 2011; 26: 2199-2205.
Sari M, Duzgun H.S.B, Karpuz C, Selcuk AS. Accident analysis of two Turkish underground coal mines. Safety Science. 2004; 42(8): 675-690.
Stojadinović S, Svrkota I, Petrović D, Denić M, Pantović. R, Milić V. Mining injuries in Serbian underground coal mines a 10-year study. Injury. 2012; 43: 2001-2005.
Onder M, Adiguzel E. Evaluation of occupational fatalities among underground coal mine workers through hierarchical loglinear models. Industrial Health. 2010; 48(6):872-878.
Ebrahimi H, Mirzakhani A, Amjad H. Safety in mines. Fanavaran Publication. 2011; 20-50 (In Persian).
Li J, Li Y, Liu X. Development of a universal safety behavior management system for coal mine workers. Iranian Journal of Public Health. 2015; 44(6):759-771.
Iranian Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor, and Social Welfare, Report of the Center for Strategic Statistics and Information, 2015. (In Persian)
Zhang Y, Shao W, Zhang M, Li H, Yin S, Xu Y. Analysis 320 coal mine accidents using structural equation modeling with unsafe conditions of the rules and regulations as exogenous variables. Accident Analysis and Prevention. 2016; 92: 189-201.
Yin W, Fu G, Yang C, Jiang Z, Zhu K, Gao Y. Fatal gas explosion accidents on Chinese coal mines and the characteristics of unsafe behaviors: 2000- Safety Science. 2017; 92:173-179.
Wang L, Cheng Y-P, Liu H-Y. An analysis of fatal gas accidents in Chinese coal mines. Safety Science. 2014; 62:107-113.
Chen H, Qi H, Long R, Zhang M. Research on 10-year tendency of China coal mine accidents and the characteristics of human factors. Safety Science. 2012; 50(4):745-750.
Patterson J.M, Shappell S.A. Operator error and system deficiencies: analysis of 508 mining incidents and accidents from Queensland, Australia using HFACS. Accident Analysis and Prevention. 2010; 42(4):1379-1385.
Asfaw A, Mark C, Pana-Cryan R. Profitability and occupational injuries in US underground coal mines. Accident Analysis and Prevention. 2013; 50:778-786.
Lirong W, Zhongan J, Weimin C, Xiuwei Z, Dawei L, Yujing Y. Major accident analysis and prevention of coal mines in China from the year of 1949 to 2009. Mining Science and Technology (China). 2011; 21(5):693-699.
Kecojevic V, Komljenovic D, Groves W.A, Radomsky M. An analysis of equipment-related fatal accidents in US mining operations: 1995-2005. Safety Science. 2007; 45(8):864-874.
Poplin G.S, Miller H, Sottile J, Hu C, Hill J.R, Burgess J.L. Enhancing severe injury surveillance: the association between severe injury events and fatalities in US coal mines. Journal of Safety Research. 2012; 44:31-35.
Saeedi G, Bahri Najafi A, Ebrahimi M. Study and statistical analysis of the main accidents in Kerman coal mines and risk assessment of accidents. 4th Iranian Mining Engineering Conference. 2012, May 22, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
US Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration. Accident/illness investigations procedures handbook. Handbook number: PH11-I-1. 2011.
US Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational injury and illness classification manual. Version 2.01. 2012.
UK Health and Safety Executive. Investigating accidents and incidents. HSG245. 2004.
Heidari Sheibani R, Ataei M, Kakaei R. Presentation of the failure tree of roof falling in the coal mine excavation workshop. 3rd Iranian National Coal Conference. 2016, August 30, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran. (In Persian)
Ghasemi A, Taji M, Qazvini MR. Evaluation and comparison of risks in the mines of Industrial and Mineral Company of north east Shahrood. 3rd Iranian National Coal Conference. 2016, August 30, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood, Iran. (In Persian)
Azad M, Azad A. Statistical study of the Razi coal mine accidents. 2nd Iranian National Coal Conference. 2014, September 8, Shahrood University of Technology and Kerman Coal Mines, Shahrood, Iran.(In Persian)
Jiang W, Qu F, Zhang L. Quantitative identification and analysis on hazard sources of roof fall accident in coal mine. Procedia Engineering. 2012; 45:83-88.
Mark C, Gauna M. Preventing roof fall fatalities during pillar recovery: a ground control success story. International Journal of Mining Science and Technology. 2017; 27(1):107-113.
Liu Q, Meng X, Hassall M, Li X. Accident-causing mechanism in coal mines based on hazards and polarized management. Safety Science. 2016; 85:276-281.
Bazdar H, Agah A. Management and risk assessment of the coal mines accidents. 2nd Iranian National Coal Conference. 2014, September 8, Shahrood University of Technology and Kerman Coal Mines, Shahrood, Iran. (In Persian)
Sanmiquel L, Freijo M, Edo J, Rossell J.M. Analysis of work related accidents in the Spanish mining sector from 1982-2006. Journal of Safety Research. 2010; 41(1):1-7.
Wang L, Cao Q, Zhou L. Research on the influencing factors in coal mine production safety based on the combination of DEMATEL and ISM. Safety Science. 2018; 103:51-61.
