امکان‌سنجی تحقق زندگی هوشمند در شهرهای جدید (مطالعه موردی: شهر جدید بهارستان)
محورهای موضوعی : معماری و شهرسازی
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه شهرسازی، مرکز تحقیقات افق‌های نوین در معماری و شهرسازی، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه شهرسازی، مرکز تحقیقات افق‌های نوین در معماری و شهرسازی، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف‌آباد، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
کلید واژه: امکان‌سنجی, زندگی هوشمند, شهر جدید, بهارستان.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: افزایش جمعیت و روند شهرنشینی، علاوه بر افزایش چالشهای شهری، توجه بیشتر به شهرهای جدید را نیز در پی خواهد داشت و شهر هوشمند به‌عنوان یک راهبرد می‌تواند چالش‌هایی را که جامعه با آن روبرو است، بر طرف کند، لذا هدف این پژوهش امکان‌سنجی تحقق زندگی هوشمند در شهرهای جدید است که در این راستا به بازشناسایی معیارها و شاخص‌های تحقق زندگی هوشمند در شهرهای جدید و تحلیل وضع موجود شهر جدید بهارستان بر اساس آن‌ها پرداخته شده است.
روش بررسی: پژوهش به لحاظ هدف کاربردی می‌باشد و روش آن توصیفی- تحلیلی است. اطلاعات مورد نیاز از طریق اسناد کتابخانه‌ای و میدانی در سه ماه دوم سال 1399 در شهر بهارستان جمع‌آوری شده‌اند. جامعه آماری شامل متخصصان حوزه شهری و شهروندان شهر بهارستان بوده است. برای اعتبارسنجی معیارها و شاخص‌های استحصال شده چارچوب نظری تحقیق و سنجش روایی پرسشنامه از نظر متخصصان و برای سنجش وضع موجود با استفاده از آزمون تی از نظر شهروندان استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌ها حاکی از آن است که معیارهای قابلیت دسترسی و مشارکت اینترنتی و شرایط بهداشتی و سلامت الکترونیک دارای بیشترین امتیاز می‌باشند. همچنین شهر بهارستان امکانات و پتانسیل‌های لازم برای تحقق زندگی هوشمند را دارا است ولی در حال حاضر از لحاظ زندگی هوشمند در وضعیت نامطلوبی قرار دارد.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: در راستای حرکت به سمت زندگی هوشمند و با توجه به اولویت‌ها و نتایج پرسشنامه، پیشنهاد می‌شود که پهنای باند اینترنت افزایش یابد و برنامه‌های سلامت هوشمند توسعه پیدا کنند. این راهکارها به عنوان نتایج تحقیق جمع‌بندی گردیده و می‌توانند در اولویت اهداف مدیریت شهری قرار گیرند.
Background and Objective: Increasing population and urbanization process, in addition to increasing urban challenges, will lead to more attention to new towns and the smart city as a strategy can solve the challenges that society is facing. So, the purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility study of realizing smart living in new towns. In this regard, the criteria and indicators for the realization of smart living in new towns are identified and the current situation of the new town of Baharestan is analyzed based on them.
Material and MethodologyThe research is practical in terms of purpose and its method is descriptive-analytical. The required data has been collected through library and field documents in the second 3 months of 1399 in Baharestan town. The statistical population consists of two parts, namely urban experts, in order to validate the criteria and indicators obtained in the theoretical framework of the research and also to assess the validity of the questionnaire and the other part is the citizens of Baharestan, to assess the current situation using t-test.
Findings: Findings indicate that the criteria of Internet accessibility and participation, and hygiene and e-health conditions have the highest score. Also the town of Baharestan has the necessary facilities and potentials for the realization of smart living, but at the moment, it is in an unfavorable situation in terms of smart living.
Discussion and conclusion: In order to move towards smart living, according to the priorities and findings of the questionnaire, it is recommended to increase internet bandwidth and develop smart health programs. These solutions have been summarized as research findings and can be prioritized in urban management objectives.
1. Garau, C., Pavan, V.M., 2018. Evaluating Urban Quality: Indicators and Assessment Tools for Smart Sustainable Cities. Sustainability, Vol.10, No. 3, PP.1-18
2. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, & Ministry of Land, Insfraestructure and Transport, K. (2020). Smart Cities and Inclusive Growth. Smart Cities and Inclusive Growth © Oecd 2020, per year (Typology of smart cities), 1–59. see information in: https://www.oecd.org/cfe/cities/OECD_Policy_Paper_Smart_Cities_and_Inclusive_Growth.pdf
3. Burns, R., Fast, V., Levenda, A., Miller, B., 2021. Smart cities: Between worlding and provincialising. Urban Studies, Vol.58, No. 3, PP. 461–470
4. Noori, N., de Jong, M., Hoppe, T., 2020. Towards an Integrated Framework to Measure Smart City Readiness: The Case of Iranian Cities. Smart Cities, Vol. 3, No. 3, PP.676-704
5. Vinod Kumar, T. M., 2020. Smart Living for Smart Cities. In Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements. Springer Singapore. 222 p.
6. Lara, A. P., Da Costa, E. M., Furlani, T. Z., Yigitcanlar, T., 2016. Smartness that matters: Towards a comprehensive and human-centred characterisation of smart cities. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, Vol. 2, No. 2
7. Yaran, A., Mohammadi khoshbin, H., 2012. The analysis of self sufficiency in new cities comparing Iran’s experience (hashtgerd new city) and Southkorea. IRANIAN ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM, No.2, PP.99-112. (In Persian)
8. Dadashpoor, H., Akbarniya, M., 2014. The survey of Self-reliance of New Towns in Large Metropolitan Areas Case Study: Pardis of New Town in Tehran Metropolitan Area. Geographical Planning of Space Quarterly, Vol. 3, No.10, PP.44-65 (in persian)
9. civil company Baharestan new town Site, retrieved 1, Jul, 2020, see information in: https://baharestan.ntdc.ir/ (in persian)
10. Georgiadis, A., Christodoulou, P., Zinonos, Z., 2021. Citizens’ Perception of Smart Cities: A Case Study. Applied Sciences, Vol.11, No. 6
11. De Guimarães, J. C. F., Severo, E. A., Felix Júnior, L. A., Da Costa, W. P. L. B., Salmoria, F. T., 2020. Governance and quality of life in smart cities: Towards sustainable development goals. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol.253
12. Pourahmad, A., Ziari, K., Hataminejad, H., Parma, Sh., 2020. Explanation of Concept and Features of a Smart City, Bagh- e Nazar, Vol. 15, PP.5-26. (In Persian)
13. Mohammadi, G. 2016. Determination of Smart City Model based on the Theory of Sustainable Development in the Metropolis of Mashhad, P.H.D Thesis for Geography & Urban Planing- Geography, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad. (In Persian)
14. Shaykh-Baygloo, R., 2020. A multifaceted study of place attachment and its influences on civic involvement and place loyalty in Baharestan new town, Iran. Cities, Vol.96
15. Keeton, R., Nijhuis, S., 2019. Spatial challenges in contemporary African New Towns and potentials for alternative planning strategies. International Planning Studies, Vol. 24, No,3-4, pp. 218-234
16. Ziari, K. (2009). New Towns Planning (Revised Edition). Tehran: Samt. 232p. (In Persian)
17. Cavada, M., Hunt, D., Rogers, C., 2014. Smart Cities: Contradicting Definitions and Unclear Measures. 4th world sustainability Forum, 1-30 November: Switzerland
18. Cavada, M., Hunt, D., Rogers C. 2017. The Little Book of Smart Cities. Birmingham: Lancaster University. 29 p.
19. Sharifi, A., 2019. A critical review of selected smart city assessment tools and indicator sets. Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 233, PP.1269-1283
20. Wadhwa, M., 2015. Understanding the Impact of Smart Cities and the Need for Smart Regulations. SSRN Electron Journal.
21. Anthopoulos, L. G. 2019. Understanding Smart Cities: A Tool for Smart Government or an Industrial Trick? Springer International Publishing. 293 p.
22. Adiyarta, K., Napitupulu, D., Syafrullah, M., Mahdiana, D., Rusdah, R., 2020. Analysis of smart city indicators based on prisma: systematic review. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 725(1)
23. Repko, J., DeBroux, S., 2012.Smart Cities Literature Review and Analysis, IMT 598 Spring 2012 Emerging. Trends in Information Technology. See information in: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236685572_Smart_Cities_Literature_Review_and_Analysis
24. Kirwan, C., Zhiyong, F. 2020. Chapter 8 - Smart city functions (C. Kirwan & F. B. T.-S. C. and A. I. Zhiyong (Eds.); pp. 163–192). Elsevier.
25. kamandari, M., Rahnama, M. R., 2017. Assessment of smart city indicators in four areas of Kerman. Geographic Space, Vol.17, No. 58, PP. 209–226. (In Persian)
26. Tahir, Z., Malek, J. A., 2016. Main criteria in the development of smart cities determined using analytical method. Planning Malaysia, Vol. 14, pp.1–14.
27. Edge, S., Boluk, K., Groulx, M., Quick, M., 2020. Exploring diverse lived experiences in the Smart City through Creative Analytic Practice. Cities, Vol.96
28. Nastaran, M., Pirani, F., 2019. Compiling the Criteria and indicators of Smart City (Case Study: The Third Zone of Isfahan). Geography and Urban Space Development, Vol. 6, No. 1, PP.147–164. (In Persian)
29. Kanani Moghadam, S., Shieh, E., Behzadfar, M., saeideh Zarabadi, Z. S., 2019. The Explanation of Urban Land Use Planning Approach in Smart City by using the PROMETHEE Method (Case Study: District 22 of Tehran Municipality). RESILIENT CITY, Vol. 2, No. 6, PP.1–19 . (In Persian)
30. Afzali, M., Modiri, M., Farhudi, R. allah., 2019. Prioritizing Indicators in the make Smart Process (Case Study Kerman City), Urban Research and Planning, Vol.9, No. 35, PP. 21–30. (In Persian)
31. Petrova-Antonova, D., Ilieva, S., 2018. Smart cities evaluation - A survey of performance and sustainability indicators. Proceedings - 44th Euromicro Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications, SEAA 2018, November
32. Jurlina Alibegović, D., Kordej-De Villa, Ž., Šagovac, M., 2018. Smart City Indicators: Can They Improve Governance in Croatian Large Cities? Radni materijali EIZ-a, (5), PP.5-48. see information in: https://hrcak.srce.hr/206068
33. Shahbazi, M. 2018. an analysis of the ability realizable of the smart city(case study: isfahan city), P.H.D Thesis for Urban Planing- Urban Planing, art universiry of isfahan . (In Persian)
34. Kapoor, S. 2017. Self-Sustainable Integrated Township: A Resource-Based Planning to Improve the Quality of Urban Life. In Advances in Smart Cities, Smarter People, Governance, and Solutions 1st Edition. see information in: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315112828_Self_Sustainable_Integrated_Township_A_Resource-Based_Planning_to_Improve_the_Quality_of_Urban_Life
35. Velazquez-Romera, G., Giffinger, R., Miguel Fernandez-Güell, J., Aymerich, M., Fleuret Paul Pfaffenbichler, G., Poletti, A., Maqousi, A., Diaz, L., 2017. SMART CITY PROJECTS ASSESSMENT GUIDEBOOK Deliverable 2. see information in: https://institute.eib.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/02/2017_0131-ASCIMER-DELIVERABLE-2-ASSESSMENT-METHODOLOGY-FOR-SMART-CITY-PROJECTS.pdf
36. Bosch, P., Jongeneel, S., Rovers, V., Neumann, H.-M., Airaksinen, M., & Huovila, A., 2017. CITYkeys indicators for smart city projects and smart cities. see information in: https://nws.eurocities.eu/MediaShell/media/CITYkeystheindicators.pdf
37. Carvalho, L. C. 2017. Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurial Development and Innovation Within Smart Cities. IGI Global; 1st edition (January 25, 2017). 661 p.
38. Sikora-Fernandez, D., Stawasz, D., 2016. the Concept of a Smart City in Urban Management. Romanian Journal of Regional Science, Vol.10, No.1, pp. 81–99
39. Albino, V., Berardi, U., Dangelico, R. M., 2015. Smart cities: Definitions, dimensions, performance, and initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp.3–21
40. ISO/IEC. (2014). Information technology Smart cities. In Smart cities - Preliminary Report 2014.
41. Giffinger, R., Fertner, C., Kramar, H., Kalasek, R., Milanović, N., Meijers, E., 2007. Smart cities: ranking of European mid-sized cities. In Digital Agenda for Europe (Issue October). see information in: https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/en/smart-cities
42. Noori, N., Hoppe, T., de Jong, M. 2020. Classifying pathways for smart city development: Comparing design, governance and implementation in Amsterdam, Barcelona, Dubai, and Abu Dhabi. Sustainability (Switzerland), Vol. 12, No. 10
43. Madakam, S., Ramaswamy, R., 2016. Sustainable smart city: Masdar (UAE) (A city: Ecologically balanced), Indian Journal of Science and Technology, Vol. 9, No.6
44. Moser, S., 2010. Putrajaya: Malaysia’s new federal administrative capital. Cities, Vol. 27, No. 4, pp. 285–297
45. Bt Omar, D., 2006. Urban planning and the quality of life in Putrajaya, Malaysia. WIT Transactions on the Built Environment, Vol. 86, pp. 83–90.
46. Putrajaya Smart City Blueprint. See information in: https://www.ppj.gov.my/storage/putrajaya07/489/489.pdf
47. Sanjari, A.R. (2015). Methods of Research in Management. Tehran: Abed.340 p . (In Persian)
48. Baharestan Municipality Site, retrieved 1, Jul, 2020, see information in: http://baharestan.ir/ . (In Persian)
49. Population and Housing Census 2016. see information in: https://amar.org.ir/ . (In Persian)
50. Varesi, H., Kamali Baghrahi, E., 2016. Assessment and analyzing the employment situation in the new towns (case study: new town baharestan). Journal of spatial planning. Vol. 6, No.2(21), PP.57-76