بررسی تأثیر راهکارهای مختلف بهینه سازی انرژی در رده‌بندی انرژی ساختمان به‌وسیله نرم‌افزار دیزاین بیلدر(مطالعه موردی: ساختمان اداری)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیست
افشین فتحعلیان
1
,
هادی کارگر شریف آباد
2
1 - کارشناسی ارشد، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران
2 - استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات انرژی و توسعه پایدار، واحد سمنان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
کلید واژه: شبیه‌سازی, ساختمان اداری, نرم‌افزار دیزاین بیلدر, رده‌بندی انرژی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: کاهش منابع انرژی فسیلی، اثرات مخرب زیست محیطی ناشی از مصرف زیاد انرژی و افزایش سهم مصرف انرژی در بخش ساختمان، ضرورت توجه به مصرف انرژی ساختمان در کشور را بیشتر کرده است. تدوین معیار مصرف انرژی ساختمان در کشور از جمله اقدامات مهم در این راستا می باشد. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین تأثیر راهکارهای مختلف کاهش مصرف انرژی در رده بندی انرژی ساختمان اداری به عنوان مطالعه موردی به وسیله نرم افزار دیزاین بیلدر انجام گرفته است. روش بررسی: در این تحقیق، انرژی کل مصرفی یک ساختمان با کاربری اداری در اقلیم سمنان توسط نرم‌افزار دیزاین بیلدر شبیه‌سازی و نتایج حاصل از نرم‌افزار، با مصرف انرژی واقعی ساختمان در سال 1395 که از قبوض انرژی(برق و گاز) ساختمان نمونه به‌دست آمده است، اعتبار سنجی شد. سپس با استفاده از معیار مصرف انرژی ساختمان، راهکارهای مختلف جهت بهینه سازی مصرف انرژی، شبیه سازی و با حالت موجود مقایسه گردید. یافته‌ها: با استفاده از نرم افزار شبیه سازی انرژی، راهکارهای به‌کارگیری سایبان افقی خارجی و حذف سایبان داخلی، جایگزینی پنجره با شیشه های دوجداره کم گسیل به جای تک جداره و نصب یک ورق عایق حرارتی در جدار خارجی ساختمان بررسی شد که به ترتیب 2/15، 4/18 و 2/8 درصد کاهش مصرف انرژی را نسبت به حالت معمولی به همراه داشته است. سپس شدت مصرف انرژی ساختمان برای هر یک از راهکارهای پیشنهادی، محاسبه شد و رده‌بندی انرژی ساختمان برای هر کدام تعیین گردید. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج نشان داد که جایگزینی سایبان خارجی به‌جای سایبان داخلی کمترین مقدار صرفه‌جویی انرژی دارد و تأثیری در تغییر رده‌بندی انرژی ندارد. به‌کارگیری ترکیبی از پنجره دوجداره به جای تک جداره و عایق حرارتی در جدار خارجی ساختمان ضمن ارتقا در رده‌بندی انرژی، بهترین حالت پیشنهادی بوده است. در نهایت نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد در صورت شبیه سازی دقیق ساختمان های موجود و سپس اعتبار سنجی، می توان تاثیر راهکارهای مختلف را در تغییر رده مصرف و کاهش انرژی به صورت صحیح و قابل اعتماد پیش بینی کرد.
Background and Objective: Reducing fossil energy resources, the environmental impact of high energy consumption and increasing the energy consumption in the building section, has increased the importance of attention to building energy consumption in the country. Providing the standard of building energy consumption in our country is one of the important activities in this regard. This study aimed to determine the effect of different strategies to reduce energy consumption in the energy classification of office buildings as a case study by Design Builder software. Method: In this study, the total energy consumption of of an office building in Semnan climate was simulated by Design Builder software and the results obtained by the software, with the actual energy consumption of the building in 2016, which was obtained from the energy bills (electricity and gas) of the building, were validated. Then, using the energy rating of building, different strategies for reducing energy consumption were simulated and compared with the existing situation. Findings: Using energy simulation software, various energy efficiency strategies such as using external horizontal shading and removing internal shading, replacing windows with low-emitting double-glazed windows instead of single-glass windows and installing a thermal insulation in the external wall of the building were investigated that 15.2, 18.4 and 8.2% reduction in energy consumption achived compared to normal case, respectively. Then, the intensity of building energy consumption for each of the proposed strategies were calculated and the energy rating was determined for each. Discussion and Conclusion: The results showed that the replacement of external shading instead of internal shading had the least amount of savings and had no effect on the change in energy rating and the use of a combination of double glazing instead of single-walled and thermal insulation in the outer wall of the building while upgrading to the classification, the optimal suggested mode. Finally, the results of this study showed that in the case of accurate simulation of existing buildings and then validation the effects of different strategies on energy rating and consumption can be predicted accurately.
- ISIRI, Non Residential Building- Criteria for Energy Consumption and Energy Labeling Instruction Available Building, 4, Iranian National Standards Organization, 2011, pp. 4.
- A. Stephan, R. H. Crawford, K. De Myttenaere, 2011, Towards a more holistic approach to reducing the energy demand of dwellings, Procedia Engineering, Vol. 21, pp. 1033-1041.
- J. Holst, 2003, Using Whole Building Simulation Models &Optimizing Procedures to Optimise Builidng Envelope Design with Respect to Energy Consumption & Indoor Environment, Proceedings of 8th International IBPSA Conference, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
- A. Shahidian, F. Riasi, M. m. Amin, 2015, Energy Building Labeling in Iran with Energy Consumption Management Approach, Scientific Journal of the Iranian Mechanical Engineers Association, Vol. 24, No. 102, pp. 47-56.
- H. Kargar Sharifabad, M. Jalilian, 2016, Energy rating of residential buildings in the city of Qom according to the national standard and the effect of several factors affecting it, Modares Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 361-364.
- B. Polly, N. Kruis, D. Roberts, 2012, Assessing and Improving the Accuracy of Energy Analysis for Residential Buildings, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
- E. M. Ryan, T. F. Sanquist, 2012, Validation of building energy modeling tools under idealized and realistic conditions, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 47, pp. 375-382.
- D. Zhu, T. Hong, D. Yan, C. Wang, 2013, A detailed loads comparison of three building energy modeling programs: EnergyPlus, DeST and DOE-2.1E, Building Simulation, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 323-335.
- M. Stadler, R. Firestone, D. Curtil, C. Marnay, 2006, On-site generation simulation with EnergyPlus for commercial buildings, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
- N. Eskin, H. Türkmen, 2008, Analysis of annual heating and cooling energy requirements for office buildings in different climates in Turkey, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 763-773.
- I. Lütkemeyer, J. Krause, G. Löhnert, H. König, D. Hennings, F. Sick, 2011, Energy-Plus Primary School, Hohen Neuendorf, Germany, pp. 1-8.
- J. Joe, W. Choi, H. Kwon, J.-H. Huh, 2013, Load characteristics and operation strategies of building integrated with multi-story double skin facade, Energy and buildings, Vol. 60, pp. 185-198.
- F. MehdizadehSeraj, M. M. Danesh, and H. Sanaeiyan, 2014, The Effects of Inner and Outer layers of Double Glazed Facade on the Rate of Energy Consumption in Official and Educational Buildings (Case study: Iran University of Science and Technology), Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 16, pp. 181-190.
- A. Sharghi and N. Azimi Fereidani, 2017, The role of slope shape roofs in heating energy consumption Based on thermal comfort, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 19, pp. 135-147.
- J. Khodakarami, A. H. Peymanrad, A. R. Rashidfar, 2018, Practical ways to reduce energy consumption in a residential complex with the approach of focusing on the building roof, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript.
- L. Mirsaeidi, N. Mirrashid, 2018, The Effect of Tromb Wall System on Thermal Comfort in Temperate Climate (Case Study of a Residential Building in Gonbade Kavoos), Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript.
- Software, Energyplus.2011."Energyplus Engineering Document help. "In the US Department of Energy.
- A. Ebrahimpour, M. Maerefat, 2010, A method for generation of typical meteorological year, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 410-417.
- S. Erba, F. Causone, R. Armani, 2017, the effect of weather datasets on building energy simulation outputs, Energy Procedia, Vol. 134, No. Supplement C, pp. 545-554.
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- ISIRI, Non Residential Building- Criteria for Energy Consumption and Energy Labeling Instruction Available Building, 4, Iranian National Standards Organization, 2011, pp. 4.
- A. Stephan, R. H. Crawford, K. De Myttenaere, 2011, Towards a more holistic approach to reducing the energy demand of dwellings, Procedia Engineering, Vol. 21, pp. 1033-1041.
- J. Holst, 2003, Using Whole Building Simulation Models &Optimizing Procedures to Optimise Builidng Envelope Design with Respect to Energy Consumption & Indoor Environment, Proceedings of 8th International IBPSA Conference, Eindhoven, Netherlands.
- A. Shahidian, F. Riasi, M. m. Amin, 2015, Energy Building Labeling in Iran with Energy Consumption Management Approach, Scientific Journal of the Iranian Mechanical Engineers Association, Vol. 24, No. 102, pp. 47-56.
- H. Kargar Sharifabad, M. Jalilian, 2016, Energy rating of residential buildings in the city of Qom according to the national standard and the effect of several factors affecting it, Modares Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 361-364.
- B. Polly, N. Kruis, D. Roberts, 2012, Assessing and Improving the Accuracy of Energy Analysis for Residential Buildings, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
- E. M. Ryan, T. F. Sanquist, 2012, Validation of building energy modeling tools under idealized and realistic conditions, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 47, pp. 375-382.
- D. Zhu, T. Hong, D. Yan, C. Wang, 2013, A detailed loads comparison of three building energy modeling programs: EnergyPlus, DeST and DOE-2.1E, Building Simulation, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 323-335.
- M. Stadler, R. Firestone, D. Curtil, C. Marnay, 2006, On-site generation simulation with EnergyPlus for commercial buildings, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
- N. Eskin, H. Türkmen, 2008, Analysis of annual heating and cooling energy requirements for office buildings in different climates in Turkey, Energy and Buildings, Vol. 40, No. 5, pp. 763-773.
- I. Lütkemeyer, J. Krause, G. Löhnert, H. König, D. Hennings, F. Sick, 2011, Energy-Plus Primary School, Hohen Neuendorf, Germany, pp. 1-8.
- J. Joe, W. Choi, H. Kwon, J.-H. Huh, 2013, Load characteristics and operation strategies of building integrated with multi-story double skin facade, Energy and buildings, Vol. 60, pp. 185-198.
- F. MehdizadehSeraj, M. M. Danesh, and H. Sanaeiyan, 2014, The Effects of Inner and Outer layers of Double Glazed Facade on the Rate of Energy Consumption in Official and Educational Buildings (Case study: Iran University of Science and Technology), Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 16, pp. 181-190.
- A. Sharghi and N. Azimi Fereidani, 2017, The role of slope shape roofs in heating energy consumption Based on thermal comfort, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 19, pp. 135-147.
- J. Khodakarami, A. H. Peymanrad, A. R. Rashidfar, 2018, Practical ways to reduce energy consumption in a residential complex with the approach of focusing on the building roof, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript.
- L. Mirsaeidi, N. Mirrashid, 2018, The Effect of Tromb Wall System on Thermal Comfort in Temperate Climate (Case Study of a Residential Building in Gonbade Kavoos), Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript.
- Software, Energyplus.2011."Energyplus Engineering Document help. "In the US Department of Energy.
- A. Ebrahimpour, M. Maerefat, 2010, A method for generation of typical meteorological year, Energy Conversion and Management, Vol. 51, No. 3, pp. 410-417.
- S. Erba, F. Causone, R. Armani, 2017, the effect of weather datasets on building energy simulation outputs, Energy Procedia, Vol. 134, No. Supplement C, pp. 545-554.