بررسی نیروگاههای تجدیدپذیر با استفاده از تحلیل سلسله مراتبی، تاپسیس و ویکور
محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدید پذیرزین العابدین صادقی 1 , مریم رضایی جعفری 2 , امین قاسمی نژاد 3
1 - دانشیار اقتصاد انرژی دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - کارشناس ارشد اقتصاد انرژی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران
3 - دانشجوی دکتری علوماقتصادی، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، ایران.
کلید واژه: تحلیل سلسله مراتبی, نیروگاههای تجدیدپذیر, تاپسیس و ویکور,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: تولید و مصرف برق را می توان یکی از مهم ترین عوامل و ضرورت ها در رشد و توسعه هر کشور قلمداد کرد. برای تولید برق نیاز به احداث نیروگاهست با توجه به ارز بری بالا و سرمایه بر بودن احداث و راه اندازی هر نیروگاه جدید در صنعت برق، لازم است که انتخاب این نیروگاه ها براساس طیف گسترده ای از معیارها صورت پذیرد. روش تحقیق: در این پژوهش با استفاده از معیارهای اقتصادی، محیط زیستی و فنی به اولویت بندی نیروگاه های مختلف در کشور با استفاده از روش های تحلیل سلسله مراتبی، تاپسیس و ویکور پرداخته شده است. یافته ها: شاخصهای میزان آلودگی محیط زیست، میزان سرمایه گذاری اولیه به ازای هر کیلووات ساعت برق تولیدی ، هزینه های تعمیر و نگهداری، امکان دسترسی آسان به لوازم یدکی و امکان توسعه و افزایش ظرفیت از شاخص های اصلی تأثیرگذار بر اولویت بندی نیروگاه های تولید برق در ایران مطرح شد. بهطورکلی با توجه بهتمامی شاخص های مورد مطالعه در این تحقیق، میزان آلودگی محیط زیست بیشترین تأثیر را در اولویت بندی نیروگاه های تولید برق دارد. هم چنین، به ترتیب شاخصهای مربوط به میزان سرمایه گذاری اولیه به ازای هرکیلو وات ساعت برق تولیدی، هزینه های تعمیر و نگهداری، امکان توسعه و افزایش ظرفیت و امکان دسترسی آسان به لوازم یدکی از مهمترین عوامل تأثیرگذار بیان شد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج حاصل از اولویت بندی در هر سه روش تصمیم گیری چند معیاره، نشان می دهد نیروگاه های بادی به عنوان اولین گزینه برای انتخاب استراتژیک نیروگاه برق مطرح است و نیروگاه های خورشیدی، برقابی، مقیاس کوچک (پراکنده)، گازی، بخار، سیکل ترکیبی و دیزلی به ترتیب در اولویت های بعدی قرار می گیرند. بنابراین پیشنهاد می گردد که دولت و نهادهای سیاستی با توجه به اولویت بندی انجام گرفته در نیروگاه های تولید برق به ایجاد زیرساخت های لازم جهت بهره برداری از این انرژی ها بپردازند.
Background and Objective: Electricity production and consumption are considered as two of the most important factors and premises in the growth and development of every country. We need to build power plants for electricity production given the high costs and investment needed for the construction of each power plant in electricity industry, it is necessary to select these power plants according to a wide range of criteria. Method: Using economic, environmental and technical criteria, this study attempts to prioritize different power plants in Iran via AHP, TOPSIS and VIKOR method. Findings: Environmental pollution indices, initial investment per kilowatt hour of electricity generation, maintenance costs, easy access to spare parts and the possibility of developing and increasing capacity were introduced the main indicators affecting prioritization of the power plants in Iran. In general, according to all indices studied in this study, environmental pollution has the most impact on the prioritization of power generation plants. Also, the indexes related to the amount of initial investment per kWh, maintenance costs, the possibility of developing and increasing capacity, and easy access to spare parts were considered as the most important factors. Discussion and Conclusions: The findings from the prioritization by each methods of Multiple Attribute Decision Making show that wind plants have the top priority in the strategic selection of electricity plant, and solar energy. Hydropower, small-scale (scattered), gas, steam, combined cycle and diesel respectively are the next priorities .Therefore, it is suggested that government and political organizations start to make foundations and infrastructure required for utilization of such energies in power plants given the illustrated prioritization.
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- Hojjat M, Jafarian H R, Sharifian Attar T, Oloumi Baygi M, GHolami GH R, Javidi Dasht Bayaz M H .Introduction of a new index for ranking the efficiency of power plants in the electricity market from the owner's point of view (Case study: Khorasan Regional Power Plants), 17th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE), Iran University of Science and Technology 2009. (In Persian)
- Manzoor D, Rahimi A R. Prioritization of the electricity power plant by using the multi-criteria decision-making models, Iranian energy economics, 2015; 4(14): 191-215. (In Persian)
- Razini S., Tafreshi S., Bathaee S. Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based on Scenario Planning for Long-Term Power Generation Planning in Iran, 2011;. 14(1): 19-35. (In Persian)
- Tavanir Mentor of Human Resources and Researchs, Energy Balance Sheet, 1392. (In Persian)
- Løken E. Use of multicriteria decision analysis methods for energy planning problems. Renewable and Sustainable. Energy Reviews. 2007 Sep 1; 11(7):1584-95.
- Sadeqi Z, Dalalbashi Esfahani Z, Horri H R. The Priorities of the Factors Affecting Location of Renewable Energy Plants in Kerman Province Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques. Quarterly journal of energy policy and planning research. 2013. 1(2), 193-110. (In Persian)
- Roayaei E, Moradian A. Prioritizing the country's thermal power plants to install a recycling system for injection into oil reservoirs. 28th International Power system Conference, Tehran, Iran 2013. (In Persian)
- Lajevardi M, Zanjani Ghayur SA. Hierarchical Analysis Method Application in Prioritization of Power Plant with Renewable Energy in Iran-case study. International Journal of Data Envelopment Analysis. 2014 Jun 28; 2(2): 381-7.
- Yue CD, Wang SS. GIS-based evaluation of multifarious local renewable energy sources: a case study of the Chigu area of southwestern Taiwan. Energy Policy. 2006 Apr 1; 34(6):730-742.
- Higgs G, Berry R, Kidner D, Langford M. Using IT approaches to promote public participation in renewable energy planning: Prospects and challenges. Land Use Policy, 2008, 25(4), 596-607.
- Kaya T, Kahraman C. Multicriteria Renewable Energy Planning Using an Integrated Fuzzy VIKOR & AHP Methodology: The Case of Istanbul. Energy; 35: 2517-2527.
- Cristóbal JRS. Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in the Selection of a Renewable Energy Project in Spain: The Vikor Method. Renewable Energy. 2011, 36; 498-502.
- Atmaca E, Basar HB. Evaluation of power plants in Turkey using Analytic Network Process (ANP). Energy. 2012 Aug 1; 44(1):555-563.
- Chatzimouratidis AI, Pilavachi PA. Decision support systems for power plants impact on the living standard. Energy conversion and management. 2012 Dec 1; 64:182-198.
- Zhang L, Zhou P, Newton S, Fang JX, Zhou DQ, Zhang LP. Evaluating clean energy alternatives for Jiangsu, China: An improved multi-criteria decision making method. Energy Oct 1, 2015; 90: 953-964.
- Sengül Ü, Eren M, Eslamian Shiraz S H, Gezder V, Bilal Sengül A. Fuzzy TOPSIS Method for Ranking Renewable Energy Supply Systems in Turkey, Renewable Energy. 2015; 75: 617-625.
- Saaty, T L. The Analytic Hierarchy Process, McGraw-Hil, New York 1980.
- Akbari, N and Zahedi Keyvan, M. Application of ranking approaches and MADAM decision making. Tehran: Country Municipalities Organization, 2008.
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- Amirmoeini M, Mohammadi T, Khorsandi M. Modeling Electricity Demand in the Industrial Sector in Iran: a Structural Time Series Model. Journal of economic modeling research (JEMR). 2015; 5 (18):87-117. (In Persian)
- Hojjat M, Jafarian H R, Sharifian Attar T, Oloumi Baygi M, GHolami GH R, Javidi Dasht Bayaz M H .Introduction of a new index for ranking the efficiency of power plants in the electricity market from the owner's point of view (Case study: Khorasan Regional Power Plants), 17th Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering (ICEE), Iran University of Science and Technology 2009. (In Persian)
- Manzoor D, Rahimi A R. Prioritization of the electricity power plant by using the multi-criteria decision-making models, Iranian energy economics, 2015; 4(14): 191-215. (In Persian)
- Razini S., Tafreshi S., Bathaee S. Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based on Scenario Planning for Long-Term Power Generation Planning in Iran, 2011;. 14(1): 19-35. (In Persian)
- Tavanir Mentor of Human Resources and Researchs, Energy Balance Sheet, 1392. (In Persian)
- Løken E. Use of multicriteria decision analysis methods for energy planning problems. Renewable and Sustainable. Energy Reviews. 2007 Sep 1; 11(7):1584-95.
- Sadeqi Z, Dalalbashi Esfahani Z, Horri H R. The Priorities of the Factors Affecting Location of Renewable Energy Plants in Kerman Province Using GIS and Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Techniques. Quarterly journal of energy policy and planning research. 2013. 1(2), 193-110. (In Persian)
- Roayaei E, Moradian A. Prioritizing the country's thermal power plants to install a recycling system for injection into oil reservoirs. 28th International Power system Conference, Tehran, Iran 2013. (In Persian)
- Lajevardi M, Zanjani Ghayur SA. Hierarchical Analysis Method Application in Prioritization of Power Plant with Renewable Energy in Iran-case study. International Journal of Data Envelopment Analysis. 2014 Jun 28; 2(2): 381-7.
- Yue CD, Wang SS. GIS-based evaluation of multifarious local renewable energy sources: a case study of the Chigu area of southwestern Taiwan. Energy Policy. 2006 Apr 1; 34(6):730-742.
- Higgs G, Berry R, Kidner D, Langford M. Using IT approaches to promote public participation in renewable energy planning: Prospects and challenges. Land Use Policy, 2008, 25(4), 596-607.
- Kaya T, Kahraman C. Multicriteria Renewable Energy Planning Using an Integrated Fuzzy VIKOR & AHP Methodology: The Case of Istanbul. Energy; 35: 2517-2527.
- Cristóbal JRS. Multi-Criteria Decision-Making in the Selection of a Renewable Energy Project in Spain: The Vikor Method. Renewable Energy. 2011, 36; 498-502.
- Atmaca E, Basar HB. Evaluation of power plants in Turkey using Analytic Network Process (ANP). Energy. 2012 Aug 1; 44(1):555-563.
- Chatzimouratidis AI, Pilavachi PA. Decision support systems for power plants impact on the living standard. Energy conversion and management. 2012 Dec 1; 64:182-198.
- Zhang L, Zhou P, Newton S, Fang JX, Zhou DQ, Zhang LP. Evaluating clean energy alternatives for Jiangsu, China: An improved multi-criteria decision making method. Energy Oct 1, 2015; 90: 953-964.
- Sengül Ü, Eren M, Eslamian Shiraz S H, Gezder V, Bilal Sengül A. Fuzzy TOPSIS Method for Ranking Renewable Energy Supply Systems in Turkey, Renewable Energy. 2015; 75: 617-625.
- Saaty, T L. The Analytic Hierarchy Process, McGraw-Hil, New York 1980.
- Akbari, N and Zahedi Keyvan, M. Application of ranking approaches and MADAM decision making. Tehran: Country Municipalities Organization, 2008.