ارزیابی توابع احتمالی-آماری جهت بررسی الگوی توزیع طبقات تاج پوشش در جنگل‌های چارطاق اردل
محورهای موضوعی :
منابع طبیعی
مهرداد میرزایی
1
,
اسماعیل مرادی امام قیسی
2
,
امیر اسلام بنیاد
3
,
ایرج حسن زاد ناورودی
4
1 - دانش‌آموخته دکترای جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران.* (مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران.
3 - استاد گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران.
4 - دانشیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه گیلان، گیلان، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/03/07
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/12/11
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/01
کلید واژه:
مشخصه‌های کمی,
توابع توزیع احتمال,
زاگرس,
مدل‌سازی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: پراکنش درختان در طبقات تاج پوشش از مهم‌ترین ویژگی های ساختاری توده های جنگلی زاگرس است. تعیین الگوی برازش درختان در طبقات مختلف تاج پوشش جنگل های زاگرس، در مراحل زمانی مختلف، نشان‌دهنده وضعیت کلی آن ها از نظر سیر تخریب و روند توالی بوم سازگان است. هدف از این پژوهش، ارزیابی توابع احتمالی- آماری جهت بررسی الگوی توزیع طبقات تاج پوشش در جنگل های چارطاق شهرستان اردل بود.روش بررسی: بدین منظور 50 هکتار از جنگل های منطقه چارطاق (3157 اصله درخت) به‌صورت صد در صد آماربرداری و مورد تجزیه‌وتحلیل قرار گرفتند. توابع توزیع احتمال مورد بررسی شامل نمایی، گاما، نرمال، بتا، وایبول و لگ نرمال بود. مشخصه‌های هر یک از توابع با استفاده از روش بیشینه درست نمایی برآورد شد. از آزمون های آماری نیکویی برازش کولموگروف- اسمیرنوف، اندرسون- دارلینگ و کای‌دو برای مقایسه توزیع احتمال واقعی و توزیع احتمال به‌دست‌آمده از توابع مورد بررسی استفاده شد.یافته ها: نتایج آزمون های نیکویی برازش نشان داد که توزیع لگ نرمال برای مدل سازی طبقات مختلف تاج پوشش درختان در منطقه چارطاق مناسب تر است.بحث و نتیجه گیری: بنابراین در مطالعه‌هایی که هدف آن‌ها شبیه‌سازی روند تغییرات جنگل است، می‌توان از توزیع لگ نرمال برای مدل سازی طبقات مختلف تاج پوشش درختان استفاده کرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: The distribution of canopy classes is the most important structural characteristics of Zagros forest stands. Determining the fitting pattern of canopy classes in Zagros forests shows that, the overall status of these forests from the destruction process and ecological sequence points of view at different times. The aim of this research was to evaluate of probability-statistical functions in order to fit canopy classes of trees in Chartagh forests of Ardal city, Chaharmahal ve Bakhtiari, Iran.Material and Methodology: For this purpose, an area of 50 hectares in Ardal forests was selected (3157 trees) were fully callipered and statistically analyzed. Exponential, Gamma, Normal, Beta, Weibull and Log-normal probability distribution patterns were fitted to crown canopy classes. Characteristics of distribution patterns were estimated using maximum likelihood method. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Anderson-Darling and Chi-square tests were used for comparing of actual probability and probability which derived from functions.Findings: The results of fitting tests showed that log-normal probability distribution was suitable for canopy classes modelling in Chartagh forests. Discussion and Conclusion: Log-normal probability distributions can be used for those who want to simulate changes of forests
منابع و مأخذ:
Mirzaei, M. & Bonyad, A.E. Comparison of fixed area and distance sampling methods in open forests: case study of Zagros forest, Iran. Journal of Forestry Research, 27(5): 1121-1126.
Mirzaei, M., Bonyad, A.E. & Mohebi Bijarpasi, M. 2015. Modeling of frequency distribution of tree’s height in uneven- aged stands in Dalab of Ilam. Journal of Zagros Forests Research, 1(2): 77-92.
Karimiyan Bahnemiry, A., Taheri Abkenar, K., Pourbabaei, H. & Mirzaei, M. 2015. Modeling the Distribution of the Height of Chestnut Trees in the Forests of Guilan. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(5): 1095-1099.
Namiranian, M. 2007. Measurement of tree and forest Biometry. University of Tehran Press, 593 p.
Kangas, A. & Maltamo, M. 2000. Calibration predicted diameter distribution with additional Forest Science, 46(3): 390-396.
Johnson, E.W. 2000. Forest sampling desk reference. CRC Press LLC, Florida, 985 p.
Rubin, B.D., Manion, P.D. & Faber-Langendoen, D. 2006. Diameter distributions and structural sustainability in forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 222 (1): 427-438.
Sohrabi, H. and Taheri Sarteshnizi, M.J., 2012. Fitting probability distribution functions for modeling diameter distribution of oak species in pollarded northern Zagros forests (Case study: Armardeh-Baneh). Iranian Journal of Forest, 4(4): 333-343.
Mirzaei, M. & Bonyad, A.E. 2015. Diameter distribution modeling of Quercus persica using probability distribution functions in open forests (Case study: Dalab of Ilam province). Iranian Journal of Forest, 7(1): 127-136.
Li-feng, Z. & Xin-Nian, Z. 2010. Diameter distribution of trees in natural stands managed on polycyclic cutting system. Forestry Studies in China, 12(1): 21-25.
Fallahchai, M.M. & Shokri, S. 2014. The application of statistical distributions to fit the diameter and height of a species of broad leaf in Hirkanian forests. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 6(2): 82-85.
Moradi Emamgheysi, I. 2016. Comparison of systematic random, stratificasion and cluster sampling methods to estimate the quantitative characteristics of Zagros forests. MSc thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, 53 p.
Mohammadalizadeh, Kh., Zobeiri, M., Namiranian, M., Hoorfar, A. & Marvie Mohajer, M.R. 2013. The frequency distribution modeling height of the trees in uneven mass (case study: Gorazbon Department Kheyrood forest). Journal of Forest and Wood Products, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 66(2): 155-165 pp.
Khamees, A.K., Abdelaziz, A.Y., Ali, Z.M., Alharthi, M.M., Ghoneim, S.M., Eskaros, M.R. & Attia, M.A. 2022. Mixture probability distribution functions using novel metaheuristic method in wind speed modeling. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 13(3): 1-10.
Mighi, A., Taheri Abkenar, K. & Amanzadeh, B. 2021. Fitting frequency distributions of trees diameter at breast height in different growth stages in Asalem mixed forests of Guilan. Journal of Forest and Wood Product, 74(3): 291-300.
Sheykholeslami, A., Pasha, Kh. & Kia Lashaki, A. 2011. A study of tree distribution in diameter classes in natural forests of Iran. Annals of Biological Research, 2(5): 283-290.
Nord-Larson, T. & Cao, Q.V. 2006. A diameter distribution model for even-aged beech in Forest Ecology and Management, 231: 218-225.
Mirzaei, M. & Bonyad, A.E. 2016. The application of statistical distributions in oak forests. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany, 65 p.
González-Val, R. 2021. The probability distribution of worldwide forest areas. Sustainability, 13: 1-19.
Ibrahim, A.D. 2022. Evaluation of probability distribution functions for modeling forest tree diameters on agricultural landscapes in Ogun State, Nigeria. Open Journal of Forestry, 12: 432-442.
Rostamian, M., 2012. Trees canopy distribution in foothill forests of Zagros (case study: Shahanshah forests of Lorestan Province). The 3th international conference on environmental challenges and dendrochronology, 16-18 May 2012, Sari, 8p.
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Mirzaei, M. & Bonyad, A.E. Comparison of fixed area and distance sampling methods in open forests: case study of Zagros forest, Iran. Journal of Forestry Research, 27(5): 1121-1126.
Mirzaei, M., Bonyad, A.E. & Mohebi Bijarpasi, M. 2015. Modeling of frequency distribution of tree’s height in uneven- aged stands in Dalab of Ilam. Journal of Zagros Forests Research, 1(2): 77-92.
Karimiyan Bahnemiry, A., Taheri Abkenar, K., Pourbabaei, H. & Mirzaei, M. 2015. Modeling the Distribution of the Height of Chestnut Trees in the Forests of Guilan. International Journal of Science and Research, 4(5): 1095-1099.
Namiranian, M. 2007. Measurement of tree and forest Biometry. University of Tehran Press, 593 p.
Kangas, A. & Maltamo, M. 2000. Calibration predicted diameter distribution with additional Forest Science, 46(3): 390-396.
Johnson, E.W. 2000. Forest sampling desk reference. CRC Press LLC, Florida, 985 p.
Rubin, B.D., Manion, P.D. & Faber-Langendoen, D. 2006. Diameter distributions and structural sustainability in forests. Forest Ecology and Management, 222 (1): 427-438.
Sohrabi, H. and Taheri Sarteshnizi, M.J., 2012. Fitting probability distribution functions for modeling diameter distribution of oak species in pollarded northern Zagros forests (Case study: Armardeh-Baneh). Iranian Journal of Forest, 4(4): 333-343.
Mirzaei, M. & Bonyad, A.E. 2015. Diameter distribution modeling of Quercus persica using probability distribution functions in open forests (Case study: Dalab of Ilam province). Iranian Journal of Forest, 7(1): 127-136.
Li-feng, Z. & Xin-Nian, Z. 2010. Diameter distribution of trees in natural stands managed on polycyclic cutting system. Forestry Studies in China, 12(1): 21-25.
Fallahchai, M.M. & Shokri, S. 2014. The application of statistical distributions to fit the diameter and height of a species of broad leaf in Hirkanian forests. Biological Forum – An International Journal, 6(2): 82-85.
Moradi Emamgheysi, I. 2016. Comparison of systematic random, stratificasion and cluster sampling methods to estimate the quantitative characteristics of Zagros forests. MSc thesis, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Guilan, 53 p.
Mohammadalizadeh, Kh., Zobeiri, M., Namiranian, M., Hoorfar, A. & Marvie Mohajer, M.R. 2013. The frequency distribution modeling height of the trees in uneven mass (case study: Gorazbon Department Kheyrood forest). Journal of Forest and Wood Products, Iranian Journal of Natural Resources, 66(2): 155-165 pp.
Khamees, A.K., Abdelaziz, A.Y., Ali, Z.M., Alharthi, M.M., Ghoneim, S.M., Eskaros, M.R. & Attia, M.A. 2022. Mixture probability distribution functions using novel metaheuristic method in wind speed modeling. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 13(3): 1-10.
Mighi, A., Taheri Abkenar, K. & Amanzadeh, B. 2021. Fitting frequency distributions of trees diameter at breast height in different growth stages in Asalem mixed forests of Guilan. Journal of Forest and Wood Product, 74(3): 291-300.
Sheykholeslami, A., Pasha, Kh. & Kia Lashaki, A. 2011. A study of tree distribution in diameter classes in natural forests of Iran. Annals of Biological Research, 2(5): 283-290.
Nord-Larson, T. & Cao, Q.V. 2006. A diameter distribution model for even-aged beech in Forest Ecology and Management, 231: 218-225.
Mirzaei, M. & Bonyad, A.E. 2016. The application of statistical distributions in oak forests. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany, 65 p.
González-Val, R. 2021. The probability distribution of worldwide forest areas. Sustainability, 13: 1-19.
Ibrahim, A.D. 2022. Evaluation of probability distribution functions for modeling forest tree diameters on agricultural landscapes in Ogun State, Nigeria. Open Journal of Forestry, 12: 432-442.
Rostamian, M., 2012. Trees canopy distribution in foothill forests of Zagros (case study: Shahanshah forests of Lorestan Province). The 3th international conference on environmental challenges and dendrochronology, 16-18 May 2012, Sari, 8p.
