بررسی تاثیر زیست محیطی و اجتماعی توسعه صنعتی(مطالعه موردی: شهر تهران)

محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد محیط زیست

عباس نوروززاده ¹ , مرضیه موغلی ² , احمدعلی خرم بخت ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا، واحد لارستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لارستان، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیا، واحد لارستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لارستان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیارگروه جغرافیا، واحد لارستان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لارستان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/11/13 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/06/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/05/01

کلید واژه: اثرات زیست محیطی و اجتماعی, توسعه صنعتی, شهر تهران,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: در راستای دستیابی به اهداف توسعه ملی بی شک راهبرد صنعتی سازی، نقش بسزایی را ایفا نموده و اثرات اجتماعی و زیست محیطی خاص خود را بر جای می گذارد. در همین خصوص تعیین تاثیر توسعه صنعتی بر شاخص زیست محیطی و اجتماعی در شهر تهران هدف اصلی این تحقیق بوده است.روش بررسی: تحقیق حاضر بر مبنای هدف از نوع کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت و روش، توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و جمع آوری اطلاعات نیز بر اساس تلفیقی از روش اسنادی و روش پیمایشی بوده است. جامعه آماری تحقیق را شهروندان تهران تشکیل دادند. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها پرسشنامه، مشاهده و مصاحبه بود. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS و آزمون T تک گروهی استفاده شده است.یافته ها: نتایج به دست آمده نشان می دهد رابطه معناداری بین توسعه صنعت در تهران و آلودگی های زیست محیطی(افزایش زباله های الکترونیکی و غیرالکترونیکی، آلودگی هوا و ...) و اسکان غیررسمی وجود دارد. ولی با نابرابری اجتماعی(تضاد طبقات اجتماعی، نابرابری فرصت ها، برابری جنسیتی) رابطه معناداری ندارد.بحث و نتیجه گیری: با ورود و توسعه صنعت، پیامدهای زیست محیطی و اجتماعی نیز در گذر زمان پدیدار می شود. به محض اینکه کشورهای در حال توسعه، تکنولوژی کشورهای غربی را می پذیرند، ساخت های اجتماعی نیز تغییر می کند و محیط زیست منطقه نیز از این توسعه، تاثیر می پذیرد. توجّه به ارزیابی اثرات محیطی و اجتماعی به طور گسترده مورد نیاز کشورهای در حال توسعه است؛ زیرا به علّت توسعه نیافتگی اقتصادی و نبودِ زیرساخت های مناسب علمی و فنّی، طرح های توسعه در این کشورها تأثیر منفی فراوانی بر تنوّع زیستی و محیط زیست می گذارند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: In order to achieve national services, the strategy of industrialization undoubtedly plays an important role in protecting the special and natural resources of its particular environment. It has been described to this extent and can be customized.Material and Methodology: The purpose of this research is applied based on purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and method. The statistical population of the study is the citizens of Tehran. Questionnaire, observation and interview were used for data collection. SPSS software and one-group T-test were used for data analysis.Findings: The results show that there is a significant relationship between the development of industry in Tehran and environmental pollution (increased electronic and non-electronic waste, air pollution, etc.) and informal housing, but with social inequality (social class conflict, opportunity inequality, gender equality) has no significant relationship.Discussion and Conclusion: As the industry evolves, environmental and social consequences also emerge over time. As soon as developing countries adopt western technology, social structures change and the region's environment is affected by this development. Consideration of environmental and social impacts is widely needed in developing countries because of the underdeveloped economy and lack of appropriate scientific and technological infrastructure; development plans in these countries have a significant negative impact on biodiversity and the environment.

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