پایش تغییرات پوشش اراضی با استفاده از سنجش از دور و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبخیز خوجین خلخال)

محورهای موضوعی : سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی

مهسا صفری پور ¹ (استادیار، گروه کشاورزی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.* (مسوول مکاتبات))
داریوش ناصری ² (گروه محیط زیست، واحد اردبیل، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اردبیل، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/09/14 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/10/29 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/03/01

کلید واژه: حوضه آبخیز خوجین, تغییرات پوشش اراضی, سنجش از دور, تصاویر ماهواره‌ای,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: مطالعه میزان تغییرات و تخریب منابع در سال های گذشته می تواند در برنامه ریزی و استفادة بهینه از منابع و کنترل و مهار تغییرات غیر اصولی در آینده گام مهمی باشد و از آنجا که این تغییرات در سطوح وسیع و گسترده اتفاق می افتد، تکنولوژی سنجش از دور می تواند ابزاری ضروری و ارزش مند جهت پایش تغییرات باشد. هدف از تحقیق حاضر، پایش تغییرات پوشش اراضی در حوضه آبخیز خوجین خلخال در جنوب استان اردبیل با تکنیک سنجش از دور می باشد. روش بررسی: ابتدا تصاویر ماهواره لندست مربوط به تیر ماه سال های 1365، 1380 و 1395 تهیه و پس از تصحیح هندسی و ارتفاعی، طبقه بندی تصاویر به روش نظارت شده یا خوارزمیک حداکثر احتمال انجام پذیرفت. به منظور افزایش دقت طبقه بندی تصاویر نیز از شاخص NDVI، لایه مدل رقومی ارتفاعی و لایه شیب استفاده شد و دقت طبقه بندی نیز با شاخص کاپا و صحت کلی بررسی گردید. یافته ها: بر اساس نتایج در دوره اول (1380-1365) 36/22 درصد، در دوره دوم (1395-1380) 73/20 و در دوره آخر یعنی (1395-1365) 08/28 درصد از منطقه دچار تغییر کاربری شده است که در هر سه دوره، تبدیل کاربری مرتع به زراعت دیم بیش ترین تغییرات را دارد. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان دهنده این امر است که علی رغم بالا بودن قدرت تصاویر لندست در تهیه نقشه کاربری اراضی، می توان با استفاده از شاخص ها و لایه های جانبی نظیر NDVI، ارتفاع و درصد شیب، قدرت تفکیک کاربری ها از یکدیگر را بهبود بخشید.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Study of resources changes and destruction in previous can be useful in the planning and optimal use of resources to control inappropriate changes. Because of land use changes occur on large-scale, remote sensing techniques is a useful and valuable tool for monitoring the changes. The aim of this research is to monitoring of land cover changes in Khojin watershed located in the south of Ardabil province using remote sensing technique. Method: First TM, ETM+ and OLI images for the year 1986, 2001 and 2016 were collected respectively and after geometric and elevation corrections, images were classified using maximum likelihood classification method. To increase classification accuracy, NDVI, elevation and slope percent layers were used. Kappa and overall accuracy indexes were used to calculate classified images accuracy. Findings: Based on results, in the first period (1986-2001) 22.36%, in the second period (2001-2016) 20.73% and in the third period (1986-2016) 28.08% of area has changed and in all 3 periods, changing from rangeland to dry farming reached the most change.­ Discoution and Conclusion: Results showed despite high capability of Landsat images in mapping land use, using additional layers like NDVI, elevation and slope percent can improve classification accuracy of classified images.  

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