بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین (Cd, Pb و Cu) در رسوبات سطحی سواحل جزر ومدی بندر دیلم - خلیج فارس
محورهای موضوعی :
سم شناسی زیست محیطی
جواد سیدی
1
(دانشجوی کارشناسی مهندسی شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان. بهبهان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
لاله موسوی ده موردی
2
(استادیار گروه شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان. بهبهان، ایران.)
اسحاق خاکی
3
(دانشجوی کارشناسی مهندسی شیلات، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان. بهبهان، ایران.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1394/03/12
تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/02/08
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/01
کلید واژه:
بندر دیلم,
خلیج فارس,
فلزات سنگین,
رسوبات جزری مدی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: بررسی غلظت فلزات سنگین (Cd, Pb,Cu) در رسوبات سواحل جزرومدی بندر دیلم و ارزیابی خطرات زیست محیطی این آلودگی ها با توجه به موقعیت این بندر و ارتباط مستقیم مردم این بندر با دریا بسیار مهم است.روش بررسی: در این مطالعه از رسوبات سطحی 5 ایستگاه در بندر دیلم در پاییز 1393 نمونه برداری شد. پس از خشک کردن و هضم اسیدی نمونه ها توسط اسید نیتریک و اسید پرکلریک ، میزان غلظت فلزات سنگین توسط دستگاه جذب اتمی (AAS) اندازه گیری شد.یافته ها: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داده که دامنه سطوح فلزات سنگین در رسوبات ایستگاه های مختلف بر اساس میکروگرم بر گرم وزن خشک40/6-1/2 مس، 18/21-4/10 سرب و 8/2-1/1کادمیوم است .در بین ایستگاه های مورد مطالعه ایستگاه پارک ساحلی کمترین آلودگی به فلزات مورد مطالعه را داشته است. ایستگاه بندر امام حسن و بندر لیلتین بیشترین میزان آلودگی به این فلزات را دارا بودند.بحث و نتیجه گیری: مقایسه میزان این فلزات با استانداردهای جهانی نشان داد که غلظت فلز مس و سرب ازغلظت استانداردهای جهانی کمتر است ولی میزان این فلزات بیشتر از استاندارد USEPAبوده است. و میزان کادمیوم از میزان استاندرادهای USEPA، کیفیت رسوب آمریکا(NOAA) و کیفیت رسوب کانادا(ISQGS) بیشتر بوده است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Evaluation of pollution in the port of Deylam and assessment Risks of environmental pollution Taking the position of the port and And direct contact People with the sea ‚this port is very important.Material and Methodology: In this study sediments samples were collected from 5 stations along coast. After drying and digesting of samples in Nitric acid and Perchloric acid, concentrations of heavy metals were measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS).Finding: The results of this study have shown that the levels of heavy metals in sediments of stations based on micrograms per gram dry weight of 2/1-6/40 Cu, 10/4-21/18Pb-1/1-2/8for Cd. between stations surveyed in the study In seaside Park station had the lowest pollution by metals. Bandar Imam hasan and Bandar Lyltyn Stations had the highest rate of pollution of these metals.Discussion and Conclusion: Comparison rate of these metals with international standards showed that the concentration of Cu and Pb concentrations is below international standards, but the amount of these metals was higher than USEPA standards. And the amount of cadmium is more from the standard USEPA, sediment quality US (NOAA) and sediment quality in Canada (ISQGS).
منابع و مأخذ:
Bryan, G.W. 2000.Pollution due to heavy metals and theircompounds, in: O. Kinne, ed., Journal of Marine Ecology, Vol. 4, pp. 1289–1431.
Aksu, A.E, Ysar, D., Uslu, O. 1997.Assessment of Marine Pollution in Izmir Bay: Heavy Metal and Organic Componund Concentratione in Surfical sediments. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Science, Vol. 22, pp. 387-415.
Birch, G.F.1996. Sediment-bound metallic contaminants in Sydney’s estuaries andadjacent offshore, Australia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 42, pp.31–44.
Dias, J.F, Fernandez, W.S, Boufleur, LA, dos Santos, C.E.I., Amaral, L., Yoneama, M.L. 2009. Biomonitoring study of seasonal anthropogenic influence at the Itamambuca beach (SP, Brazil), Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Vol. 267, pp.1960–1964.
Pempkowiak, J., Sikor,a A., Biernacka, E.1999. Speciation of heavy metals in marine sediments vs. their bioaccumulation by mussels. Journal of Chemosphere, Vol. 39, pp.313–321.
Povlesen, E, Alshabrawy, M.M., Shindy, M.A., AbuEl- Seoud, A. 2003. Heavy metals and hazardousorganic pollutants in sediments and mussels in the Gulf of Suez, 1999 and 2001, 4th International Conference and Exhibition for Environmental Technologies: Environment, Cairo International Conference Center, pp.184-200.
De Astudillo, L. R., Yen, I.C, Berkele, I. 2005. Heavy metals in sediments, mussels and oysters from Trinidad and Venezuela. Revista de Biologia Tropical journal, Vol. 53, pp.41–53.
Caplat, C., Texier, H., Barillier, D., Lelievre, C. 2005. Related metal bioaccumulation in oysters. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 58, pp. 832-840.
Long, E.R, MacDonald, D.D., Severn, C.G., Hong, C.B. 2000. Classifying probabilities of acute toxicity in marine sediments with empirically derived sediment quality guidelines. Environmental Toxicolgical Chemistry, Vol. 19, pp.598– 601.
Long, E.R., MacDonald, D.D., Smith, S.L., Calder, F.D.1995. Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments. Environmental Management journal, Vol. 19, pp. 81– 97.
1999. Technical Guiddance for Screening contaminated Sediments.2 rd ed. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1991. Standard guide for collection, storage, characterization and manipulation of sediments for toxicological testing. Philadelphia press.
Chouvelon, T., Warnau, M., Churlaud, C., Bustamante, P. 2009. Hg oncentrations and related risk assessment in coral reef crustaceans, molluscs and fish from New Caledonia. Environmental Pollution, Vol. 11, pp. 331–340.
Shi, J., Liang, L., Jiang, G., Jin, X. 2005. The speciation and bioavailability of mercury in sediments of Haihe River, China, Environment International, Vol. 31, pp. 357–365.
Yap, C.K., Ismail, A., Tan, S.G., Omar, H. 2002. Correlations between speciation of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in sediment and their concentrations in total soft tissue of green-lipped mussel Perna viridis from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Environment International, 28, pp.117–128.
Habibi, S., Safaheie, A. pashazanoosi, H., 2013. detemine level of pollution Bushehr surficial sediment of heavy metals (Cu,Pb,Ni,Cd). Marine science of technology, Vol. 2, pp.12-23.(In Persian)
Riahi Bakhtiari, E., Mortazavi, S. 2006. A survey of Pb and Cd in shells of Pinctada radiate in Hendorabi. Journal of Aquatics, Vol. 74, pp.110-117. (In Persian)
Khorasani, N., Shaigan, J., Karimi, N., 2005. A survey of Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr and Pb in sediments of Bandar Abass, Journal of Iranian Natural Resource. Vol. 58, pp. 869-861. (In Persian)
De Mora, S., Fowler, S.W., Wyse, E., Azemard, S. 2004. Distribution of heavy metals in marine bivalves, fish and coastal sediments in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 49, pp.410–424.
Dehghan Mdiseh, S. 2006. Identification of sensitive zone in Mahshahr creeks with ecological and biologiucal indices. Marine biology, university of Khoramshahr. (In Persian)
Abdolahi, A., 2007. Effect of industrial petroleum in natural resources. Farzaneh press. Tehran. 1 rd ed. (In Persian)
CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment). 1999. Canadian environmental Quality Guideline. Canada press. 345p.
_||_
Bryan, G.W. 2000.Pollution due to heavy metals and theircompounds, in: O. Kinne, ed., Journal of Marine Ecology, Vol. 4, pp. 1289–1431.
Aksu, A.E, Ysar, D., Uslu, O. 1997.Assessment of Marine Pollution in Izmir Bay: Heavy Metal and Organic Componund Concentratione in Surfical sediments. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Science, Vol. 22, pp. 387-415.
Birch, G.F.1996. Sediment-bound metallic contaminants in Sydney’s estuaries andadjacent offshore, Australia. Estuarine Coastal and Shelf Science, Vol. 42, pp.31–44.
Dias, J.F, Fernandez, W.S, Boufleur, LA, dos Santos, C.E.I., Amaral, L., Yoneama, M.L. 2009. Biomonitoring study of seasonal anthropogenic influence at the Itamambuca beach (SP, Brazil), Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Vol. 267, pp.1960–1964.
Pempkowiak, J., Sikor,a A., Biernacka, E.1999. Speciation of heavy metals in marine sediments vs. their bioaccumulation by mussels. Journal of Chemosphere, Vol. 39, pp.313–321.
Povlesen, E, Alshabrawy, M.M., Shindy, M.A., AbuEl- Seoud, A. 2003. Heavy metals and hazardousorganic pollutants in sediments and mussels in the Gulf of Suez, 1999 and 2001, 4th International Conference and Exhibition for Environmental Technologies: Environment, Cairo International Conference Center, pp.184-200.
De Astudillo, L. R., Yen, I.C, Berkele, I. 2005. Heavy metals in sediments, mussels and oysters from Trinidad and Venezuela. Revista de Biologia Tropical journal, Vol. 53, pp.41–53.
Caplat, C., Texier, H., Barillier, D., Lelievre, C. 2005. Related metal bioaccumulation in oysters. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 58, pp. 832-840.
Long, E.R, MacDonald, D.D., Severn, C.G., Hong, C.B. 2000. Classifying probabilities of acute toxicity in marine sediments with empirically derived sediment quality guidelines. Environmental Toxicolgical Chemistry, Vol. 19, pp.598– 601.
Long, E.R., MacDonald, D.D., Smith, S.L., Calder, F.D.1995. Incidence of adverse biological effects within ranges of chemical concentrations in marine and estuarine sediments. Environmental Management journal, Vol. 19, pp. 81– 97.
1999. Technical Guiddance for Screening contaminated Sediments.2 rd ed. New York State Department of Environmental Conservation.
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). 1991. Standard guide for collection, storage, characterization and manipulation of sediments for toxicological testing. Philadelphia press.
Chouvelon, T., Warnau, M., Churlaud, C., Bustamante, P. 2009. Hg oncentrations and related risk assessment in coral reef crustaceans, molluscs and fish from New Caledonia. Environmental Pollution, Vol. 11, pp. 331–340.
Shi, J., Liang, L., Jiang, G., Jin, X. 2005. The speciation and bioavailability of mercury in sediments of Haihe River, China, Environment International, Vol. 31, pp. 357–365.
Yap, C.K., Ismail, A., Tan, S.G., Omar, H. 2002. Correlations between speciation of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn in sediment and their concentrations in total soft tissue of green-lipped mussel Perna viridis from the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Environment International, 28, pp.117–128.
Habibi, S., Safaheie, A. pashazanoosi, H., 2013. detemine level of pollution Bushehr surficial sediment of heavy metals (Cu,Pb,Ni,Cd). Marine science of technology, Vol. 2, pp.12-23.(In Persian)
Riahi Bakhtiari, E., Mortazavi, S. 2006. A survey of Pb and Cd in shells of Pinctada radiate in Hendorabi. Journal of Aquatics, Vol. 74, pp.110-117. (In Persian)
Khorasani, N., Shaigan, J., Karimi, N., 2005. A survey of Zn, Cu, Fe, Cr and Pb in sediments of Bandar Abass, Journal of Iranian Natural Resource. Vol. 58, pp. 869-861. (In Persian)
De Mora, S., Fowler, S.W., Wyse, E., Azemard, S. 2004. Distribution of heavy metals in marine bivalves, fish and coastal sediments in the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman. Marine Pollution Bulletin, Vol. 49, pp.410–424.
Dehghan Mdiseh, S. 2006. Identification of sensitive zone in Mahshahr creeks with ecological and biologiucal indices. Marine biology, university of Khoramshahr. (In Persian)
Abdolahi, A., 2007. Effect of industrial petroleum in natural resources. Farzaneh press. Tehran. 1 rd ed. (In Persian)
CCME (Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment). 1999. Canadian environmental Quality Guideline. Canada press. 345p.
