هم‌ارزسازی نتایج آیکولد اصلاح‌شده با هدف استفاده از مبانی تصمیم‌گیری روش لئوپولد ایرانی در طرح‌های توسعه منابع آب (مطالعه موردی محیط فیزیکی سد پیغام‌چای کلیبر)
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت منابع آب
علی دهنوی
1
(استادیار مهندسی محیط‌زیست، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و حمل‌و‌نقل، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران)
کامران کوزه گر
2
(عضو هیات‌علمی، گروه عمران، واحد ورزقان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ورزقان، ایران *(مسوول مکاتبات))
کلید واژه: ماتریس آیکولد اصلاح‌شده, سد خاکی پیغام‌چای کلیبر, نرمال‌سازی نتایج ارزیابی, ماتریس آیکولد, ارزیابی اثرات محیط‌زیستی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه‌و‌هدف: در ارزیابی محیط‌زیستی از روش‌های مختلفی از‌جمله روش‌های ماتریسی شامل لئوپولد، مور، آیکولد مرسوم، آیکولد اصلاح‌شده و غیره استفاده می‌شود. از آنجایی‌که نتایج روش‌های آیکولد مرسوم و اصلاح شده عمدتا کیفی بوده و تصمیم‌گیری برای اجرا یا عدم‌اجرای طرح با این روش مشکل خواهد بود، لذا هدف از انجام این پژوهش، ضمن بررسی و مقایسه‌ی نتایج حاصل از ارزیابی اثرات محیط‌زیستی با استفاده از ماتریس‌های آیکولد و آیکولد اصلاح‌شده، ارایه‌ی استراتژی نرمال‌سازی نتایج ارزیابی آیکولد اصلاح‌شده جهت قیاس با مبانی تصمیم‌گیری روش لئوپولد ایرانی است. روش بررسی: بدین‌منظور، از ارزیابی محیط‌زیستی در محیط فیزیکی و فقط در مرحله‌ی ساخت سد خاکی پیغام‌چای کلیبر به‌عنوان مطالعه‌ی موردی استفاده گردید. بررسی اولیه‌ی دو روش آیکولد مرسوم و اصلاح‌شده نشان داد که هر چند تعداد اثرات در دو روش به تفکیک مثبت و منفی یکسان است (96+ و 235-)، اما ارزش اثرات دو روش کاملا با یکدیگر متفاوت بوده است. یافته‌ها: ارزش اثرات مثبت به تفکیک دو روش آیکولد مرسوم و اصلاح‌شده به‌ترتیب برابر با 156+ و 2/260+ و ارزش اثرات منفی به‌همین ترتیب بالغ‌بر 341- و 8/392- بوده است. این مقادیر حاکی از افزایش ارزش اثرات مثبت و منفی به‌ترتیب بالغ‌بر 8/66 و 2/15 درصد در روش آیکولد اصلاح‌شده نسبت به آیکولد مرسوم است. نرمال‌سازی نتایج روش آیکولد اصلاح‌شده حاکی است که ارزش نهایی اثرات محیط فیزیکی مورد نظر به تفکیک مثبت و منفی جهت مقایسه با مبانی تصمیم‌گیری روش لئوپولد ایرانی، بالغ‌بر 83/0+ و 08/1- بوده است و در این حالت، اجرای پروژه و البته فقط برای محیط فیزیکی با انجام طرح‌های اصلاحی بلامانع است. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با استراتژی ارایه‌شده در این تحقیق (نرمال‌سازی نتایج روش آیکولد اصلاح‌شده)، می‌توان از روش آیکولد اصلاح‌شده به‌تنهایی و به‌نحو موثری استفاده نمود و در این صورت نیازی به استفاده از دو روش هم‌زمان(روش‌های تلفیقی)برای ارزیابی نخواهد بود.
Background and Objective: Different methods are used in environmental impact assessment (EIA), like matrix methods which are included Leopold, Moore, conventional and modified ICOLD and etc. Since the conventional and modified ICOLD results are mainly qualitative and decision making for implementation or non- implementation of the project would be difficult. Therefore, the aim of present study is offering strategy to normalize the results of modified ICOLD in order to compare with the results of Iranian Leopold method, while investigation and comparison between the results of the EIA has been taken by using the conventional and modified ICOLD matrices. Method: For this purpose, we used the EIA tools on the physical environment and only at the construction phase of Peyghamchay embankment dam, as a case study. Initial scrutiny was performed using both conventional and modified ICOLD points out that although the number of positive and negative impacts are the same in groups (+96, -235), but the impact values was quite different in two methods. Findings: The value of positive impacts of conventional and modified ICOLD are +156.0 and +260.2 and the value of negative impacts are -341.0 and -392.8, respectively. These amounts indicate an increase in the value of positive and negative impacts of 66.8 and 15.2 percent in modified ICOLD method compared to conventional, respectively. The normalized results of modified ICOLD method point out that the final value of physical environment impacts compared with principles of decision-making in Iranian Leopold method amounts to +0.83 and -1.08 for positive and negative results, respectively. In this case, for the physical environment, implementation of the project can only be carried out by recommended reforms. Discussion and Conclusion: Considering the strategy presented in this research (the normalization of the results in modified ICOLD method), this method can be utilized exclusively and effectively, therefore, there would be no need to use the both methods for evaluation at the same time.
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- Piri, H., 2011, Environmental Impact Assessment of Chah Nimeh Four Construction in Zabol. Town and Country Planning, 3(5): 145-163. (In Persian)
- Guidelines for Assessing the Effects of Dam Construction Projects on the Environment (Detailed Stage), No 250-A, Iran Water Resources Management Co., Office of Standards and Technical Criteria, 2005, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)
- Committee, I. M., Environmental Impact Assessment: Guidelines for Application to Tropical River Basin Development. Mekong Secretariat, ESCAP, Bangkok,1982.
- Nazariha, M. & Alinejad, S., 2002, Planning for Improvement and Reduction of Environmental Negative Effects of Shahid Rajaee Dam, Journal of Environmental Studies, 28(30), pp. 9-18. (In Persian)
- Canter, L. W., Environmental Impact Assessment. McGraw-Hill New York,1977.
- Razmjooy, Y. & Ganjineh, N., 2013, Assessment of Environmental Consequences of Safadasht Wastewater Treatment Plant by Pastakia Matrice Method, 16th National Conference on Environmental Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. (In Persian)
- Mirzaee, M., Salmanmahini, A., Mirkarimi, H. & Moradi, H., 2014, Application of Mathematical Matrices to Environmental Impact Assessment of Compost Plant (Case Study: Golpayegan City, Isfahan Province), Environmental Researches, 4(8), pp. 117-130. (In Persian)
- Sayadi, A., Khodadadi, D. & S. Partani, 2009, Environmental Impact Assessment of Gotvand Hydro-Electric Dam on the Karoon River Using ICOLD Technique. World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology, International Journal of Environmental and Ecological Engineering, 3(6), pp. 118-125.
- Mousavi, S.H., Sheikh Goodarzi, M. & Kaviani. A., 2013, Comparison of two Methods of Modified LEOPOLD Matrix and ICOLD Matrix in Assessing the Environmental Impacts of the Koor (Nahang) Dam in Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Journal of Environmental Management and Planing, 2(6), pp. 15-24. (In Persian)
- Javadi Pirbazari, S., Mohammadi, K. & Khodadadi, A., 2007, Environmental Assessment of Gotvand Dam Using the Combination of the ICOLD and Leopard Matrices, 7th International Conference on River Engineering, Water and Power Organization of Khuzestan, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. (In Persian)
- Falahatkar, S., Sadeghi, A. & Soffianian, A. Environmental Impact Assessment of Ghameshloo Highway using ICOLD Matrix and Checklist. Town and Country Planning, 2010; 2(2), pp. 110-130. (In Persian)
- Gholamalifard M., Mirzaei M., Hatamimanesh M., Riyahi Bakhtiari A. & Sadeghi M., 2014, Application of Rapid Environmental Impacts Assessment Matrix and Iranian Matrix in Environmental Impact Assessment of Solid Waste Landfill of Shahrekord, Journal of Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, 16 (1), pp. 31-46. (In Persian)
- Khodabakhshi, B. & Jafari, H., 2010, Environmental Impact Assessment of Water Resources Development Projects Using the Electre_TRI Model (A Case Study of Ardebil Reservoir, Drainage, and Irrigation Network), Bimonthly Journal of Water and Wastewater, 21(3), pp. 64-74. (In Persian)
- No Name, 2008, Environmental Impact Assessment of Dam and Irrigation and Drainage Networks PeyghanChay Dam- Kaleybar, Yekom Consulting Engineers, Volume 1. (In Persian)
- No Name, 2001, Studies on the Development of Exploitation of the Peyghamchay River-Kaleybar, Meteorological Report, Nahad Ab Consulting Engineers, Volume I. (In Persian)
- No Name, 2006, Environmental Impact Assessment Report of Kaleybar-Jananlou Road, Aria Zist Sanat Engineering Corporation. (In Persian)
- No Name, 2008, Environmental Impact Assessment of Dam and Irrigation and Drainage Networks of PeyghamChay Dam, Yekom Consulting Engineers, Volume II. (In Persian)
- Karimi, S., Salehi Moayyed, M. & Jafari, H.R., 2008, A New Method of Utilizing Water Resources in Dry Land Watersheds (Case study: Marvast Dam-Iran), Journal of Environmental Studies, 34(47), pp. 87-98. (In Persian)
- Jozi, S.A., Specialized Environmental Impact Assessment Course, Seventh Training Pack, Assessment and Analysis of Data. (In Persian)
- Behnia, A. & Abdollahi PourArki, A., 2011, Application of ICOLD and LEOPOLD Matrices in Environmental Assessment of Dam Construction (Jangabad Dam), 4th Environmental Engineering Conference, Tehran University. (In Persian)
- Valizadeh S. & Shekari, Z., 2015, Evaluation of Iranian Leopold Matrix application in the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of Solid Waste Management Options in Birjand City, Iranian Journal of Health and Environment, 8(2), pp. 249-262. (In Persian)
- Seyyed Seraji, M. H., 2013, Analysis and Evaluation of Environmental Assessment Methods for ICOLD and LEOPOLD Matrices in Dams (Case Study: Azizakian Reservoir Dam), M.Sc. Thesis, Water and Power Engineering University (Shahid Abbaspour), Faculty of Civil and Environmental Sciences. (In Persian)
- Jozi, S.A., ShakouriPour Ghasemabadi, M. & Nazakati, R., 2013, Environmental Impact Assessment of Taleghan Dam in Operation Phase Using Integrated Methods of ICOLD and AHP, 11th National Conference on Environmental Impact Assessment, Iran’s Environmental Assessment Society, Environmental Protection Agency, Tehran, Iran. (In Persian)