تهیه نقشه قابلیت مرتع داری اراضی با استفاده از روش های ارزیابی چند معیاره با ریسک و جبران متفاوت (مطالعه موردی: زیر حوضه پلاسجان)

محورهای موضوعی : آمایش سرزمین

وحید راهداری ¹ (استادیار گروه کوسیستم‌های طبیعی، پژوهشکده تالاب بین المللی‌هامون، دانشگاه زابل (مسئول مکاتبات))
علیرضا سفیانیان ² (دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان)
سعید پورمنافی ³ (استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکدده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان)
حمید قیومی محمدی ⁴ (استادیار مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان)
سعیده ملکی ⁵ (استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی؛ دانشگاه زابل)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/03/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/07/05 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/12/01

کلید واژه: ارزیابی چند معیاره, ریسک و جبران, فازی, زیر حوضه آبخیز پلاسجان, قابلیت مرتع داری اراضی,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: مراتع، اکوسیستم مهم با کارکردهای متنوع در سرزمین هستند که در معرض تخریب قرار دارند. هدف از این تحیق، ارزیابی و تعیین مناطق با قابلیت، برای انجام فعالیت های مرتع داری زیر حوضه آبخیز پلاسجان می باشد. روش تحقیق: با انجام مرور منابع و به روش دلفی، معیارها، زیر معیارها و محدودیت های مطالعه، تعیین گردید. وزن معیارها به روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP) محاسبه و نقشه لایه ها با استفاده توابع متناسب فازی، استاندارد شدند. قابلیت مرتع داری منطقه با استفاده از ارزیابی چند معیاره (MCE) و با مدل های ترکیب خطی وزن دار (WLC) و میانگین گیری وزن دار مرتب شده (OWA) با ریسک و قابلیت جبران متوسط مشخص گردید. یافته ها: نقشه قابلیت مرتع داری اراضی در شش طبقه با قابلیت خیلی زیاد تا بدون قابلیت تهیه شد. در نقشه تهیه شده با استفاده از مدلWLC، 69249 و در مدل OWA، 54589 هکتار به مناطق با قابلیت خیلی زیاد مرتع داری تخصیص داده شد. مراتع کم تراکم در مدل WLC و OWA با 22981 و 19187 هکتار در طبقه با قابلیت خیلی زیاد، بیش ترین پتانسیل برای انجام فعالیت های مرتع داری موثر را دارند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد مدل WLC به دلیل مقدار جبران بیش تر در مقایسه با مدل تعریف شده OWA سطح بیش تری از منطقه را به طبقات قابلیت زیاد و خیلی زیاد اختصاص داده است که با کارکرد اصلی برای ذخیره آب و دامداری، سازگار است. این تحقیق اهمیت معیارهایی مانند خصوصیات گیاهان مرتعی، شکل زمین و خاک را برای تعیین مناطق با قابلیت مرتع داری را نشان داد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and objective: Rangelands are important ecosystems with diverse functions in the land that are at risk of destruction. The purpose of this research is to evaluate and determine the areas with potential to carry out rangeland activities under the Plasjan watershed. Material and methods: By reviewing the sources and by Delphi method, the criteria, sub-criteria and limitations of the study were determined. The weights of the criteria were calculated by hierarchical analysis (AHP) method and the layer maps were standardized using fuzzy proportional functions. The rangeland rangeability of the area was determined using multi-criteria assessment (MCE) and with weighted linear combination (WLC) models and weighted sorted averaging (OWA) with medium risk and compensatory capability. Findings: Rangeland capability maps were produced in 6 classes from without range capability to with very high range capability classes. Results have shown in the WLC model, 69249 and in OWA model, 54589 hectares were related to very high capability class. Sparse rangeland in WLC and OWA models, repeatedly with 22981 and 19187 hectares had highest portion in range land capability maps. Discussion and conclusions: Results of this study have shown in WLC model due to high rate of trade-off in comparison of designed OWA model, wider area considers in high and very high range capability class that is related to major area functions that are water reservation and Animal husbandry. This study has shown importance of vegetation characters, land shape and soil character for determining rangeland capability of an area.  

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