بررسی مناسب‌ترین تیمارهای مدت زمان استفاده از اولتراسونیک، دما و نسبت آب به محتویات شکمبه دام در تولید بیوگاز (مطالعه موردی: کشتارگاه شهر خرم‌آباد)

محورهای موضوعی : انرژی های تجدید پذیر

علی کوشکی ¹ , مرتضی الماسی ² , محمد قهدریجانی ³ , حمیدرضا شاملویی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه مهندسی سیستم های کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران
2 - استاد گروه مهندسی سیستم های کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - استادیار گروه مهندسی سیستم های کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه شیمی، دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/04/25 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/10/15 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/01

کلید واژه: بیوگاز, هضم بی‌هوازی, ضایعات کشتارگاهی, پیش‌فرآوری, اولتراسونیک,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: تصفیه بی هوازی برخی از ضایعات جامد کشتارگاهی مانند محتویات شکمبه، به دلیل پتانسیل تولید انرژی و تاثیر مثبت آن در کاهش آلودگی های زیست محیطی، یکی از گزینه های مناسب فرآوری و دفع ضایعات به شمار می آید. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، تعیین مناسب ترین تیمار دما، زمان و نسبت آب به محتویات شکمبه دام بر روی میزان تولید بیوگاز کل است.روش بررسی: این پژوهش سال 1399و در کشتارگاه صنعتی خرم آباد انجام شد. پس از ذبح دام محتویات شکمبه پنج گاو و پنج گوسفند به منظور همگن سازی و یکنواخت شدن با هم مخلوط شدند و در آزمایش های مجزا به بررسی تاثیر شدت دماهای مختلف (30، 40 و 50 درجه سانتی گراد)، زمان های مختلف امواج دهی دستگاه اولتراسونیک (10، 20 و 30 دقیقه) و نسبت های مختلف مخلوط محتویات شکمبه و آب(50میلی لیتر آب به 100 گرم محتویات شکمبه، 100 میلی لیتر آب به 100 گرم محتویات شکمبه و 200 میلی لیتر آب به 100 گرم محتویات شکمبه) برروند تولید بیوگاز پرداخته شد.یافته ها: به طور کلی بیشترین مقدار بیوگاز کل، مربوط به اثر مقابل سه گانه استفاده 30 دقیقه ای از پیش فرآوری اولتراسونیک (t3) × دمای C50° (te3) × نسبت ترکیب محتویات شکمبه(r3) با میزان تولیدml 333/350 که بهترین نتیجه محسوب می شود.بحث و نتیجه گیری: این نتایج نشان می دهد استفاده از پیش فرآوری اولتراسونیک در مدت زمان بیشتر، در دمای بالاتر و در غلظت کمتر تاثیر بیشتری در عملکرد فرآیند هضم بی هوازی و تولید بیوگاز کل از محتویات شکمبه دارد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and Objective: Anaerobic digestion of slaughterhouse solid wastes, such as rumen contents, is an appropriate treatment option for managing such residues, because of their significant role in reducing the environmental impacts as well as the potential for biogas production. The objective of this study was determining the appropriate temperature, time and ratio of water to livestock rumen content on the total biogas production.Material and Methodology: This study was conducted at the Khorramabad Industrial Slaughterhouse.  After slaughtering livestock the contents of the rumen of five cows and five sheep were mixed together to homogenize and in separate experiments to examine the impact of severity different temperatures (30, 40 and 50° C), different times of Ultrasonic device waving (10, 20 and 30 minutes)  and different ratios of mixing contents of rumen and water (50 ml of water to 100 g of rumen contents, 100 ml of water to 100 g of rumen contents and 200 ml of water to 100 g of rumen contents) in process of biogas production was discussed.Findings: In general, the largest amount of total biogas, related to the triple opposite effect of using 30 minutes of ultrasonic pretreatment (t3) * C50 ° (te3) * Combination ratio of visceral contents  (r3) with production amount of 350/333 ml which is considered the best results.Discussion and Conclusion: the finding indicated that the total biogas production from rumen content in the process of anaerobic digestion are more effected by the treatment under the conditions of a longer ultrasonic pretreatment, higher temperature and lower concentration. 

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