پهنه‌بندی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی دشت مختاران به منظور آبیاری با استفاده از روش تحلیل شبکه‌ای (ANP)
محورهای موضوعی :
آب و محیط زیست
اصلان اگدرنژاد
1
(استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
نیاز علی ابراهیمی پاک
2
(دانشیار، بخش آبیاری و فیزیک خاک، موسسه تحقیقات خاک و آب، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، کرج، ایران.)
هادی محمدی والا
3
(کارشناس ارشد آبیاری و زهکشی.)
زهرا قربانی
4
(دانشجوی دکتری سازه های آبی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گرگان، ایران.)
محسن احمدی
5
(دکتری آبیاری و زهکشی.)
تاریخ دریافت : 1396/11/20
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/04/25
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/06/01
کلید واژه:
سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی,
دشت مختاران,
روش ANP,
پهنه‌بندی,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: در حال حاضر منابع آب زیرزمینی از جمله مهم‌ترین منابع برای مصارف آبیاری است. لذا تعیین تغییرات کیفیتی آن‌ها در سطح یک دشت یا منطقه به منظور استفاده بهینه، ضروری است. این مطالعه با هدف پهنه‌بندی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی دشت مختاران به منظور آبیاری با استفاده از روش تحلیل شبکه‌ای (ANP) انجام یافته است.
روش بررسی: این تحقیق در دشت مختاران واقع در عرض جغرافیایی ‘13 ˚ 32 تا ‘46 ˚32 شمالی و طول جغرافیایی ‘40 ˚58 تا ‘45 ˚59 شرقی در استان خراسان جنوبی در سال 1393 انجام یافت. در این آزمایش، لایه‌های مختلف کیفیت آب زیرزمینی بر اساس عوامل نسبت جذبی سدیم، سختی کل، درصد سدیم محلول، بی‌کربنات سدیم، شاخص نفوذپذیری، نسبت جذبی منیزیم و نسبت کلایز در محیط GIS ایجاد و توسط روش تحلیل شبکه‌ای وزن‌دهی شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که مناطق شرقی دارای کیفیت بهتری از لحاظ آب زیرزمینی نسبت به مناطق غربی است. هم چنین، 72/40٪ سطح دشت دارای کیفیت مطلوب (28/3، 09/17 و 35/20٪ به ترتیب در بازه‌های خیلی خوب، خوب و نسبتاً خوب) و 28/50 درصد سطح دشت دارای کیفیت نامطلوب (11/49، 35/7 و 82/2٪ به ترتیب در بازه‌های نسبتاً بد، بد و خیلی بد) بوده است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: براساس نتایج به دست آمده، استحصال آب آبیاری از نقاط شرقی و شمالی دشت می‌بایست افزایش یافته و کشاورزی دیم در سایر نقاط مورد توجه قرار گیرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Background and Objective: Groundwater is one of the most important water resources for irrigation usage in arid and semi-arid regions like Iran. So, in order to determine groundwater potential zones, it is important to specify its quality variations over a plain. The aim of this study was to zoning the groundwater quality of Mokhtaran plain, Iran, for irrigation using network analysis (ANP) method.
Material and Methodology: Regarding this purpose, this research was conducted to zone Mokhtaran Plain’s groundwater located at latitude between 32˚ 13’-32˚ 46’ N and longitude between 58˚ 40’-59˚ 45’ E in South-Khorasan, Iran, in 2015. Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), total hardness (TH), sodium solubility percentage (SSP), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), permeability index (PI), magnesium adsorption ratio (MAR) and kellyes ratio (KR) were used to create water quality layers in GIS. Analytical network process (ANP) was utilized to implement these layers.
Findings: The results showed that quality of groundwater was better at the east region compared to the west. According to the results, appropriated region for irrigation covered about 40.72% of the plain (consist of sub-categories: 3.28, 17.09 and 20.35% in the class of very appropriate, appropriate and semi-appropriate, respectively) and non-appropriate one covered 50.28% (consist of sub-categories: 49.11, 7.35 and 2.82% in the class of semi non-appropriate, non-appropriate and very non-appropriate, respectively).
Discussion and Conclusion: Regarding the results, it is necessary to extract groundwater at north and east part of the plain. Indeed, rainfed agriculture must be considered in other parts of the plain.
منابع و مأخذ:
Yazdani, V. and Mansouriyan, H. 2014. The exploit potential zoning of groundwater resources by using of quantity and quality data in Neishaboor plain, Iranian of Irrigation and Water Engineering, 4(15): 118-132. (In Persian)
Mohammadyari, F., Tavakoly, M. and Aghda, H. 2016. Assessment and zoning of groundwater quality in agricultural areas of Mehran and Dehloran with geostatistical methods, Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering, 39(4): 71-83. (In Persian)
Collins M G, Steiner F R, and Rushman M J. 2001, Land-use suitability analysis in the United States: historical development and promising technological achievements. Environmental Management. 28 (5): 611–621.
Yaakup, A., Ahmad Nazri, M. L., Sulaiman, S., and Bajuri, H. 2005. GIS in urban planning and management. In: Malaysian Experience International Symposium & Exhibition on Geoinformation, Penang, Malaysia.
Shaabani, M. 2009, Determination of the most suitable geostatistical method for mapping of groundwater pH and TDS (a case study: Arsanjan plain). Journal of Water Engineering. 1:47-59.
Worqlul, A. W., Jeong, J., Dile, Y. T., Osorio, J., Schmitter, P., Gerik, T., Sirnivasan R., and Clark, N. 2017, Assessing potential land suitable for surface irrigation using groundwater in Ethiopia, Applied Geography, 85: 1-13.
Ostovari, Y. Beigi Harchegani, H. and Davoodnia, A. 2011. Assessment, spatial variability and mapping of some water quality parameters for use in drip irrigation design in Lordegan plain, Iran, Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2(5): 242-254. (In Persian)
Delbari, M., Afrasiab, P and Salari, M. 2013. Mapping water salinity and sodicity using selected geostatistical methods, Case study: Kerman plain, Water Engineering, 6(16): 11-23. (In Persian)
Heidary Alamdarlo, E., Barabadi, H. and Toloie, S. 2013. Evaluating quality of groundwater resources for irrigation, Roudab plain, Sabzevar, Renewable Natural Resources Research, 26(1): 43-59. (in Persian)
Salehi, H., and Zeinivand, H. 2015. Assessing groundwater quality and selection of the most appropriate spatial interpolation method (Case study: West of Marivan city, Iran), Echohydrology, 1(3): 153-166. (In Persian)
Cheraghizade, M. and Shahnazari, A. 2016. The land zonation for applying drip irrigaton system by evaluating of water and soil characteristics (case study: Babol and Babolsar counties), Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, 23(2): 63-80. (In Persian)
Siefi, A., and Riahi-Madvar, H. 2017. Qualitative zoning of Shahr-e-Babak aquifer based on its corrosiveness, sedimentation and applicability for agricultural, drinking, and pressure irrigation uses, Journal of Water and Wastewater, in press. (In Persian)
Sajadi Mianab, Z. and Yaghubi, M. 2017. Geochemical evaluation of groundwater quality in Borazjan plain for agricultural purpose, Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 27(1): 133-145. (In Persian)
Ganapuram, S., Kumar, V., Krishna, M., Kahya, E., and Demirel, C. 2009, Mapping of groundwater potential zones in the Musi basin using remote sensing data and GIS. Advances in Engineering Software. 40(7): 506-518.
Khashei-Siuki, A., Ghahraman, B., and Kouchakzadeh, M. 2011. Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process Method for Evaluating Groundwater Potentials of Aquifers ( Case study: Nayshabur Plain), Iranian Water Research Journal, 5(9): 43-59. (in Persian)
Sun, H., Wang, S., and Hao, X. 2017, An improved hierarchy process methods for the evaluation of agricultural water management in irrigation districts of north China, Agricultural Water Management, 179(1): 324-337.
Ramzi R, Khashei-Siuki A, and Shahidi A. 2014. Determination of Suitable Zone of Drip Irrigation using Analytical Hierarchy Process Method in South Khorasan Province. JWSS. 2014; 18 (69): 227-236. (In Persian)
Docheshmeh Gorgij, A. and Vadiati, M. 2014, Determination of groundwater quality based on important irrigation indices using analytical hierarchy process method, Agricultural Advances, 3(6): 176-185.
Saaty T L. 1980, The Analytic Hierarchy Process. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Saaty T L. 1996, Decision Making with Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process. RWS Publications, Pittsburgh.
Garewal, S. K., Vasudeo, A. D., Landge, V. S. and Ghare, A. D. 2017, A GIS-based modified DRASTIC (ANP) method for assessment of groundwater vulnerability: A case study of Nagpur city, India, Water Quality Research Journal, in press.
Eaton, F.M., 1950. Significance of carbonate in irrigation waters. Soil. Sci.,69, 123–133.
Raghunath,I.I.M., 1987. Groundwater, second ed. Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi.
Kelley, W.P., 1963. Use of saline irrigation water. Soil. Sci.,95, 355–391.
Gholami, S. and Srikantaswamy, S., 2009. Analysis of agricultural impact on the Cauvery river water around KRS dam World. Appl. Sci. J.,68, 1157–1169.
Obiefuna G.I, and Sheriff A, 2010. Assessment of shallow groundwater quality of Pindiga Gombe area, Yola Area, NE, Nigeria for irrigation and domestic purposes. Research Journal Of Environmental And Earth Sciences, 3(2): 131-141.
Ghodsipoor, S. H. 2006. Analytical Hierarchy Process, Amirkabir University of Technology. (in Persian)
Saaty T L. 2001, The allocation of intangible resource: The analytic hierarchy process and linear programming. Socio-Economic Planning Science. 37(3): 169-184.
Sheikhy Narany, T., Ramli, M. F., Fakharian, K. and Aris, A. Z. 2016. A GIS-index integration approach to groundwater suitability zoning for irrigation purposes, Arab Journal of Geoscience, 9(502).
Khodapanah, I., Sulaiman, W. N. A., Khodapanah, N. 2009. Groundwater quality assessment for different purpose in Eshtehard district, Treran, Iran, European Journal of Scientific Research, 36(4): 543-553.
Mohammadyari, F., Tavakoly, M. and Aghda, H. 2016. Assessment and zoning of groundwater quality in agricultural areas of Mehran and Dehloran with geostatistical methods, Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering, 39(4): 71-83. (in Persian)
Ghaemizadeh, F.,and Akhavan, S., 2014. The feasibility study of pressurized irrigation systems performance based on water quality (Case Study: Hamedan Province plains), JWSC, 21(1): 65-85. . (In Persian)
Wilcox LV, 1954. Classification and Use of Irrigation Waters. Department of Agriculture, United States, Circular No. 696, Washington D.C. Pp. 16.
Hakim, M.A., Juraimi, A.S., Begum, M., Hasanuzzaman, M., Uddin, M.K. and Islam, M.M., 2009. Suitability evaluation of groundwater for irrigation, drinking and industrial purposes. Am. J. Environ. Sci.,5, 413–419
Joshi DM, Kumar A, and Agrawal N, 2009. Assessment of the irrigation water quality of River Ganga in Haridwar District India. Journal of Chemistry, 2(2): 285-292.
Moghimi, H. 2015. Assessment of Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater Resources of the aquifer of the Sari-Ghaemshahr plain for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes, Water Engineering, 8: 51-68. (in Persian)
Anonymous, 2017, Agricultural Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, Office of Statistics and Information Technology.
Mass, E V., and Hoffman, G. J. 1976. Crop salt tolerance, evaluating existing data. International Salinity Conference Pub. Book. Aug 1976.
Javan, J., and Fal-Soleimani, M., 2008. Water crisis and importance of water productivity in agriculture in dry area of Iran (case study: Birjand plain), Geography and Development Iranian Journal, 6(1): 115-138. (In Persian)
Nakhaee, M., Hashemi, R., Khashei Siuki, A., and Ahmadee, M. 2016. Optimization of crop pattern using analytical hierarchy process and linear programming (case study: Plain Birjand), Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering, 39(2): 115-124. . (In Persian)
Shahidi, A., Zamani, Gh., Kashkuli, H. A., and Amirabadizadeh, M. 2009, Managing and scheduling irrigation of two cultivars under salinity and drought stress conditions, Environmental Stress in Crop Science, 1(1): 17-25. (In Persian)
_||_
Yazdani, V. and Mansouriyan, H. 2014. The exploit potential zoning of groundwater resources by using of quantity and quality data in Neishaboor plain, Iranian of Irrigation and Water Engineering, 4(15): 118-132. (In Persian)
Mohammadyari, F., Tavakoly, M. and Aghda, H. 2016. Assessment and zoning of groundwater quality in agricultural areas of Mehran and Dehloran with geostatistical methods, Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering, 39(4): 71-83. (In Persian)
Collins M G, Steiner F R, and Rushman M J. 2001, Land-use suitability analysis in the United States: historical development and promising technological achievements. Environmental Management. 28 (5): 611–621.
Yaakup, A., Ahmad Nazri, M. L., Sulaiman, S., and Bajuri, H. 2005. GIS in urban planning and management. In: Malaysian Experience International Symposium & Exhibition on Geoinformation, Penang, Malaysia.
Shaabani, M. 2009, Determination of the most suitable geostatistical method for mapping of groundwater pH and TDS (a case study: Arsanjan plain). Journal of Water Engineering. 1:47-59.
Worqlul, A. W., Jeong, J., Dile, Y. T., Osorio, J., Schmitter, P., Gerik, T., Sirnivasan R., and Clark, N. 2017, Assessing potential land suitable for surface irrigation using groundwater in Ethiopia, Applied Geography, 85: 1-13.
Ostovari, Y. Beigi Harchegani, H. and Davoodnia, A. 2011. Assessment, spatial variability and mapping of some water quality parameters for use in drip irrigation design in Lordegan plain, Iran, Iranian Journal of Irrigation and Drainage, 2(5): 242-254. (In Persian)
Delbari, M., Afrasiab, P and Salari, M. 2013. Mapping water salinity and sodicity using selected geostatistical methods, Case study: Kerman plain, Water Engineering, 6(16): 11-23. (In Persian)
Heidary Alamdarlo, E., Barabadi, H. and Toloie, S. 2013. Evaluating quality of groundwater resources for irrigation, Roudab plain, Sabzevar, Renewable Natural Resources Research, 26(1): 43-59. (in Persian)
Salehi, H., and Zeinivand, H. 2015. Assessing groundwater quality and selection of the most appropriate spatial interpolation method (Case study: West of Marivan city, Iran), Echohydrology, 1(3): 153-166. (In Persian)
Cheraghizade, M. and Shahnazari, A. 2016. The land zonation for applying drip irrigaton system by evaluating of water and soil characteristics (case study: Babol and Babolsar counties), Journal of Water and Soil Conservation, 23(2): 63-80. (In Persian)
Siefi, A., and Riahi-Madvar, H. 2017. Qualitative zoning of Shahr-e-Babak aquifer based on its corrosiveness, sedimentation and applicability for agricultural, drinking, and pressure irrigation uses, Journal of Water and Wastewater, in press. (In Persian)
Sajadi Mianab, Z. and Yaghubi, M. 2017. Geochemical evaluation of groundwater quality in Borazjan plain for agricultural purpose, Sustainable Agriculture and Production Science, 27(1): 133-145. (In Persian)
Ganapuram, S., Kumar, V., Krishna, M., Kahya, E., and Demirel, C. 2009, Mapping of groundwater potential zones in the Musi basin using remote sensing data and GIS. Advances in Engineering Software. 40(7): 506-518.
Khashei-Siuki, A., Ghahraman, B., and Kouchakzadeh, M. 2011. Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process Method for Evaluating Groundwater Potentials of Aquifers ( Case study: Nayshabur Plain), Iranian Water Research Journal, 5(9): 43-59. (in Persian)
Sun, H., Wang, S., and Hao, X. 2017, An improved hierarchy process methods for the evaluation of agricultural water management in irrigation districts of north China, Agricultural Water Management, 179(1): 324-337.
Ramzi R, Khashei-Siuki A, and Shahidi A. 2014. Determination of Suitable Zone of Drip Irrigation using Analytical Hierarchy Process Method in South Khorasan Province. JWSS. 2014; 18 (69): 227-236. (In Persian)
Docheshmeh Gorgij, A. and Vadiati, M. 2014, Determination of groundwater quality based on important irrigation indices using analytical hierarchy process method, Agricultural Advances, 3(6): 176-185.
Saaty T L. 1980, The Analytic Hierarchy Process. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Saaty T L. 1996, Decision Making with Dependence and Feedback: The Analytic Network Process. RWS Publications, Pittsburgh.
Garewal, S. K., Vasudeo, A. D., Landge, V. S. and Ghare, A. D. 2017, A GIS-based modified DRASTIC (ANP) method for assessment of groundwater vulnerability: A case study of Nagpur city, India, Water Quality Research Journal, in press.
Eaton, F.M., 1950. Significance of carbonate in irrigation waters. Soil. Sci.,69, 123–133.
Raghunath,I.I.M., 1987. Groundwater, second ed. Wiley Eastern Ltd, New Delhi.
Kelley, W.P., 1963. Use of saline irrigation water. Soil. Sci.,95, 355–391.
Gholami, S. and Srikantaswamy, S., 2009. Analysis of agricultural impact on the Cauvery river water around KRS dam World. Appl. Sci. J.,68, 1157–1169.
Obiefuna G.I, and Sheriff A, 2010. Assessment of shallow groundwater quality of Pindiga Gombe area, Yola Area, NE, Nigeria for irrigation and domestic purposes. Research Journal Of Environmental And Earth Sciences, 3(2): 131-141.
Ghodsipoor, S. H. 2006. Analytical Hierarchy Process, Amirkabir University of Technology. (in Persian)
Saaty T L. 2001, The allocation of intangible resource: The analytic hierarchy process and linear programming. Socio-Economic Planning Science. 37(3): 169-184.
Sheikhy Narany, T., Ramli, M. F., Fakharian, K. and Aris, A. Z. 2016. A GIS-index integration approach to groundwater suitability zoning for irrigation purposes, Arab Journal of Geoscience, 9(502).
Khodapanah, I., Sulaiman, W. N. A., Khodapanah, N. 2009. Groundwater quality assessment for different purpose in Eshtehard district, Treran, Iran, European Journal of Scientific Research, 36(4): 543-553.
Mohammadyari, F., Tavakoly, M. and Aghda, H. 2016. Assessment and zoning of groundwater quality in agricultural areas of Mehran and Dehloran with geostatistical methods, Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering, 39(4): 71-83. (in Persian)
Ghaemizadeh, F.,and Akhavan, S., 2014. The feasibility study of pressurized irrigation systems performance based on water quality (Case Study: Hamedan Province plains), JWSC, 21(1): 65-85. . (In Persian)
Wilcox LV, 1954. Classification and Use of Irrigation Waters. Department of Agriculture, United States, Circular No. 696, Washington D.C. Pp. 16.
Hakim, M.A., Juraimi, A.S., Begum, M., Hasanuzzaman, M., Uddin, M.K. and Islam, M.M., 2009. Suitability evaluation of groundwater for irrigation, drinking and industrial purposes. Am. J. Environ. Sci.,5, 413–419
Joshi DM, Kumar A, and Agrawal N, 2009. Assessment of the irrigation water quality of River Ganga in Haridwar District India. Journal of Chemistry, 2(2): 285-292.
Moghimi, H. 2015. Assessment of Hydrochemical Characteristics of Groundwater Resources of the aquifer of the Sari-Ghaemshahr plain for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes, Water Engineering, 8: 51-68. (in Persian)
Anonymous, 2017, Agricultural Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, Office of Statistics and Information Technology.
Mass, E V., and Hoffman, G. J. 1976. Crop salt tolerance, evaluating existing data. International Salinity Conference Pub. Book. Aug 1976.
Javan, J., and Fal-Soleimani, M., 2008. Water crisis and importance of water productivity in agriculture in dry area of Iran (case study: Birjand plain), Geography and Development Iranian Journal, 6(1): 115-138. (In Persian)
Nakhaee, M., Hashemi, R., Khashei Siuki, A., and Ahmadee, M. 2016. Optimization of crop pattern using analytical hierarchy process and linear programming (case study: Plain Birjand), Journal of Irrigation Science and Engineering, 39(2): 115-124. . (In Persian)
Shahidi, A., Zamani, Gh., Kashkuli, H. A., and Amirabadizadeh, M. 2009, Managing and scheduling irrigation of two cultivars under salinity and drought stress conditions, Environmental Stress in Crop Science, 1(1): 17-25. (In Persian)
