ارائه الگوی ساده سنجش عملکرد محیط زیست در مدیریت شهری توسط AHP
محورهای موضوعی : محیط زیست شهری
منوچهر امیدواری
1
(دانشیار، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع و مکانیک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قزوین، قزوین، ایران ) عهده دار مکاتبات))
مریم قندهاری
2
(کارشناس ارشد مهندسی صنایع، گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده صنایع و مکانیک، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قزوین)
کلید واژه: محیط زیست, مدیریت شهری, AHP, ارزیابی عملکرد,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: محیط زیست از مهمترین مسایلی است که امروزه مورد توجه اکثر مدیران شهری است. ممیزی مدیریت محیط زیست بعنوان یک چالش مهم در مدیریت شهری مطرح است. ارزیابی درست تاثیر توسعه شهری بر محیط زیست می تواند از اثرات منفی توسعه بر محیط زیست جلوگیری نماید. یک الگوی سیستماتیک ممیزی سبب می شود که قضاوت های ارزیاب ها به حداقل رسیده و ارزیابی واقعی تری را داشته باشند. هدف از این تحقیق ارائه یک الگویی جهت ارزیابی عملکرد مدیریت محیط زیست در حوزه مدیریت شهری بود. روش کار: این تحقیق با استفاده از نظر خبرگان در حوزه مدیریت شهری و با استفاده از تلفیق روش AHP با مدیریت ریسک انجام شده است. این الگو قادر است ارزیابی دقیقی را بدون تاثیر قضاوت های شخصی از عملکرد مدیریت شهری در حوزه محیط زیست انجام دهد. نتایج: نتایج نشان داد مهمترین مشکلات در حوزه مدیریت محیط زیست در کلان شهر تهران، حمل و نقل و مدیریت ترافیک، تاسیسات فاضلاب و مدیریت پسماند های جامد و نسبت فضای سبز بوده که در برخی از نواحی مورد مطالعه دارای شرایط نامطلوب بوده است. نتیجه گیری: یکی از مهمترین مسایل در ارزیابی عملکرد، تاثیر بالقوه قضاوت شخصی ارزیاب ها بر فرایند ارزیابی است. در الگوی ارائه شده میزان وزن عوامل موثر و پارامتر های موثر بر عملکرد محیط زیست مدیریت شهری مشخص شد. بر اساس این اوزان می توان استراتژی های کنترلی را تعریف نمود. الگوی ارائه شده قادر به تعیین نقاط ضعف سیستم مدیریت شهری در عملکرد محیط زیست شود.
Background and Objective:World population growth and concentrating in cities cause many environmental problems in big cities. The environmental issue is the most important issue in urban management. Audit of Environmental Management has always been considered as an important challenge in urban management. Evaluating of effective urban development on environmental elements can be prevented to negative effective developing. Providing an adequate model make minimized personal judgment of evaluators and causes a more realistic assessment of present situation. Methods: Using AHP and combine it with audit programs, can assist them in achieving this goal. In this study, using standards determine and expert opinion the environment indicators in municipal management and then AHP method is used to determine the weights of indicators and sub indicators. This study presents a model of environmental auditing which was conducted in order to perform a case study in one of region of Tehran municipality. Results: The results showed that the most important problems in the field of environmental management in Tehran metropolis were transportation and traffic management, sewage and solid waste management, and green space ratio which had some unfavorable conditions in some of the studied areas. Discussion and conclusion: One of the most important issues in performance appraisal is the potential impact of the personal judgment of appraisers on the appraisal process. In the presented model, the weight of effective factors and parameters affecting the performance of urban management environment were determined. Based on these weights, control strategies can be defined. The presented model is able to identify the weaknesses of urban management system in environmental performance.
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- Nouri, J., Mansouri, N., Abbaspour, M., Karbasi, AR., Omidvari, M., 2011. Designing a developed model for assessing the disaster induced vulnerability value in educational centers. Safety Sci. Vol. 49(5), 679-685.
- Nouri, J., Omidvari, M., Tehrani, SM., 2010. Risk Assessment and Crisis Management in Gas Stations. Int. J. Environ. Res. Vol. 4(1), 143-152.
- Zhang J., Zhu M., Zhang L., 2011. Risk Evaluation of the Logistics Ecological Environment System Based on FAHP, Procedia Engineering, Vol.15, 38
- Chang, D.Y. (1996). Applications of the extent analysis method on fuzzy AHP, European Journal of Operational Research,95,649–655
- Monittoa M., Pappalardoa P., Tolioa T., 2012. A new Fuzzy AHP method for the Evaluation of Automated Manufacturing Systems, CRIP-Annals Manufacturing Technology, Vol.51, pp. 395-398.
- Mau-Crimins,T., de steiguer,J.E., Dennis,D., 2005. AHP as a means for improving public participation: a pre–post experiment with university students, Forest Policy and Economics, Vol.7, 501-514.
- Chen, Q., and Triantaphyllou, E., 2001. Estimating Data for Multi-criteria Decision Making Problems: Optimization techniques, in: Pardalos, P.M., and Floudas, C., (Eds.), Encyclopedia of Optimization, Vol.2, 27–36.
- Li, L., Zhi-Hua Shia, Wei Yinb, Dun Zhua, Sai Leung Ngc, Chong-Fa Caia, A-Lin Lei, 2009. A fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) approach to eco-environmental vulnerability assessment for the danjiangkou reservoir area, China, Ecological Modeling Vol.220, 3439–3447.
- Yang, M., Khan, FI, Sadiq, R., 2011. Prioritization of environmental issues in offshore oil and gas operations: A hybrid approach using fuzzy inference system and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, Process Safety and Environmental Protection vol.8 (9), 22–34.
- Zheng, G, Zhu,N., Tian,Zh., Chen,Y., Sun,B., 2012. Application of a trapezoidal fuzzy AHP method for work safety evaluation and early warning rating of hot and humid environments, Safety Science, Vol.50, 228-239.
- Kaya,T, Kahraman,C., 2011. An integrated fuzzy AHP–ELECTRE methodology for environmental impact assessment, Expert Systems with Applications, Vol.38, 8553-8562.
- Javadian, M., shamskooshki, h., Momeni, M., 2011. Application of Sustainable Urban Development in Environmental Suitability Analysis of Educational Land Use by Using AHP and GIS in Tehran, Procedia Engineering, Vol.21,72-80.
- Chen, MF., zeng, GH., Cherng, GD., 2008. Combining fuzzy AHP with MDS in identifying the preference similarity of alternatives, Applied Soft Computing, Vol.8, 110–117.
- Chen, VYC., Lien, HP., Chui-Hua Liu, CH., Liou, JJH., Tzeng, GH., Yang, LS., 2011, Fuzzy MCDM approach for selecting the best environment-watershed plan, Applied Soft Computing, Vol.11, 265–275.
- Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU), 2006. European Green City Index, A research project conducted by the Economist Intelligence Unit, sponsored by Siemens.
- Omidvari, M., Ghandehari, M., 2014. Urban Environmental Management Performance Assessment by Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Processing (FAHP), Journal of Environmental Accounting and Management, 2(1), 31-41.
- Nouri, J., Mansouri, N., Abbaspour, M., Karbasi, AR., Omidvari, M., 2011. Designing a developed model for assessing the disaster induced vulnerability value in educational centers. Safety Sci. Vol. 49(5), 679-685.
- Nouri, J., Omidvari, M., Tehrani, SM., 2010. Risk Assessment and Crisis Management in Gas Stations. Int. J. Environ. Res. Vol. 4(1), 143-152.
- Zhang J., Zhu M., Zhang L., 2011. Risk Evaluation of the Logistics Ecological Environment System Based on FAHP, Procedia Engineering, Vol.15, 38