بررسی کیفیت آب رودخانه چهل‌چای با استفاده از شاخص IRWQIsc
محورهای موضوعی : آب و محیط زیست
مهراب آقائی
1
(
دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد آبخیزداری، دانشگاه گنبد کاووس
)
علی حشمت‌پور
2
(
استادیار دانشگاه گنبد کاووس
)
مجتبی قره محمودلو
3
(
استادیار دانشگاه گنبد کاووس
)
سید مرتضی سیدیان
4
(
استادیار دانشگاه گنبد کاووس
)
کلید واژه: کیفیت آب, شاخص IRWQISC, مدیریت منابع آب, رودخانه چهل‌چای,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: کیفیت آب رودخانه‌ها می‌تواند کمک شایانی به مدیریت و برنامه‌ریزی منابع آب کند. این مطالعه به منظور بررسی کیفیت آب رودخانه چهل‌چای با استفاده از شاخص کیفیت آب های سطحی ایران IRWQISC انجام شده است. روش بررسی: در این مطالعه از آب رودخانه چهل‌چای در 7 ایستگاه مختلف در یک دوره 6 ماهه نمونه‌برداری شد. سپس به منظور استفاده از شاخص کیفی IRWQISC میزان برخی از پارامترهای فیزیکوشیمایی و میکروبی در این دوره شش ماه اندازه‌گیری شد. پس از محاسبه میزان شاخص برای هر ایستگاه، تغییرات آن در طول رودخانه مطالعه گردید. در نهایت نتایج شاخص کیفی IRWQISC با استاندارهای موجود برای شرب و کشاورزی مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها: نتایج این تحقیق نشان‌داد که براساس شاخص IRWQISC آب رودخانه چهل‌چای در رده کیفی نسبتا خوب قرار می‌گیرد. همچنین میزان شاخص IRWQISC در جهت جریان از بالادست به سمت خروجی حوزه کاهش می‌یابد که بیانگر کاهش کیفت آب رودخانه است. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که بطور کلی رابطه مستقیمی بین دبی رودخانه و شاخص IRWQISC وجود دارد بطوریکه با افزایش میزان دبی رودخانه، میزان شاخص IRWQISC نیز افزایش یافت. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این تحقیق نشان دادکه متوسط میزان شاخص IRWQISC در فصل بهار از فصل تابستان بهتر بوده‌است. تغییرات دبی و شاخص IRWQISC حاکی از یک رابطه مستقیم بین آنهاست، بطوریکه با افزایش میزان جزئی دبی میزان شاخص نیز افزایش چشمگیری داشته‌است. مقایسه پارامترهای اندازه‌گیری شده با استاندارهای شرب و کشاورزی، نشان دادکه آب رودخانه چهل‌چای از نظر استاندارهای کشاورزی مناسب بوده و فاقد استاندارهای لازم در بخش شرب می‌باشد. نتایج نشان داد که قبل از مصرف برای شرب باید حداقل دو تصفیه فیزیکی و میکروبی بر روی آن انجام شود.
Background and Objective: Rivers water quality study can be a great help to water-resource management and planning. This study was conducted to investigate the water quality of Chehelchay River using the IRWQISC. Method: In this study, water samples were collected from seven different stations along Chehelchay River during a period of 6 months. In order to use IRWQISC, the physicochemical and biological some parameters were measured. After calculating the IRWQISC values for each station, the changes in the IRWQISC values were investigated along river. Then, the results of IRWQISC were compared drinking water and agriculture water standards. Findings: The results of this study showed that Chehelchay River water was situated in a relatively good quality category based on the IRWQISC. IRWQISC diminished in the flow direction from the upstream sampling point to the outlet of basin resulting in a reduction in water quality of river. Results also showed that there is a direct relationship between IRWQISC and the rate of discharge so that the value of IRWQISC increases with increasing the rate of discharge. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the average IRWQISC index was better than summer season in spring. Flow changes and IRWQISC index indicate a direct relationship between them, with a slight increase in the rate of fluctuation. Comparison of parameters used in IRWQISC with drinking water and agriculture water standards showed the Chehelchay River water is suitable only for agriculture uses and it cannot be used for drinking purposes. Results showed that water purification must be performed to remove fecal coliform and reduce turbidity of water before using as a drinking water source.
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- Miroofi S, and Meghlouli Bayat R, 2009, Investigating the chemical quality of Karaj river water, 5th National Conference on Watershed Manage. Sciences and Eng. (Sustainable Manage. of Natural Disasters). (In Persian)
- Atafar Z, Almasi A, Sarkhosh M, et al, 2015, MicrobiologicalQuality Trend of Drinking Water in Rural Areas ofKermanshah during 2004-2013, J Environ Health Eng; 4(1): 70-81. (In Persian)
- Wang Q, Wu X, Zhao B, et al, 2015, Combined multivariatestatistical techniques, Water Pollution Index (WPI) andDaniel trend test methods to evaluate temporal and spatial variations and trends of water quality at Shanchong River in the Northwest Basin ofLake Fuxian, China. Plos One; 10(4):117.
- Sadeghi H, Ruhollahi S, 2007, Study of Ardabil Drinking Water Physicochemical Parameters, J Ardabil U Med Sci;7(1): 52-6. [In Persian].
- Boyacioglu, H, 2006, Surface water quality assessment using factor analysis, Water Science andTechnology. 32(3): 389-394.
- Boyacioglu, H, 2007, Surface water quality assessment by environ metric methods, EnvironmentalMonitoring and Assessment. 131(1-3): 371-376.
- Rickwood, C.J., Carr, G.M, 2009, Development and sensitivity analysis of a global drinking water quality index, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 156(1-4): 73-90.
- Hashemi, S.H., Pourasghar, F., Nasrabadi, T., Ramezani, S., Khoshrou, Gh, 2012, Guide to Iran Water Quality Index for Surface Water Resources-Conventional Parameters, Research Project. Institute of Environmental Science, Shahid Beheshti University. 117 p). (In Persian)
- Munna G M, Chowdhury M M I, Masrur Ahmad A A, Chowdhurys, Alom M M, 2013; (( A Canada WaterQuality Guideline-Water Quality Index(CCME-WQI) based assessment study of water quality in Surma River)),Jurnal of Civil Enginering and Construction Technology, 4, 81-89,Canada.
- Sadeghi M, Bay A, Bay N, et al, 2015, The survey of Zarin-Gol River water quality in Golestan Province using NSF-WQI and IRWQI. Health Field; 3(3): 27-33.
- Sun W, Xia C, Xu M, et al, 2016, Application of modified water quality indices as indicators to assess the spatial and temporal trends of water quality in the Dongjiang River. Ecol Indicat; 66: 306–12.
- Halaghi M, 2011, Use of Different Water Quality Indexes for Puriification of Water, Case Study: Atrak river. Water Soil Cons; 18(2): 211-20. (In Persian)
- Rohani N, Asadollah Fardi G, 2013, Detemining of water quality indices, Case Study: Inlet and outlet water treatment plant in Isfahan province, The 1th Conference and Exhibition on Environmental Energy & Clean Industry; Tehran: Tehran University. (In Persian)
- Akkoyunlu A, Akiner ME, 2012, Pollution evaluation in streams using water quality indices: A case study from Turkey’s Sapanca Lake Basin. Ecol Indicat; 18: 501–11.
- Nabizadeh R, Valadi Amin M, Alimohammadi M, et al, 2013, Development of innovative computer software to facilitate the setup and computation of water quality index, J Environ Health Sci Eng; 11(1): 1-10.
- Zareh Karizi, A., SadodinT A., Sheikh, V., Mahini, A., 2012, Long-term trend analysis of water quality variables for the Chehelchay River (Golestan province), Iran Water Research, 6 (10).
- Ghare Mahmoodlu M, Tahmasebi A, Raghimi M, Safarzadeh A, 2007, Checking of temporal changes in chemical quality of Chehel-Chay river in Lazorah hydrometric station, The first regional conference of underground water of Islamic Azad University. (In Persian)
- APHA, AWWA, EWF, 2008, Standardmethods for the examinationofwaterandwastewater, USA.
- World Health Organization (WHO), 2004, Guidelines for Drinking – Water Quality, 3rd edition. World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva.
- Heshmatpoor, A., Mohammadi,A., Ghare Mahmodloo, M., Mohaghegh, M. (2008), Investigation of water quality in gharasoo watershed in Golestan province, Research report No 87-5-122, Gorgan University of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources.
- Shirzadniya, G., Heshmatpoor, A., Fath abadim A., Akbari, R., 2018, The role of sub-basins in the water quality parameters of the Chehelchay River, J. of Environment and water engineering, Vol. 3 (4), p.378 – 390