بررسی قابلیتهای گردشگری و اکوتوریسم در شهرستان اردکان با استفاده از مدل SWOT
محورهای موضوعی : مدیریت محیط زیستسیدکاظم موسوی 1 , اخترالسادات موسوی 2
1 - دکترای مدیریت محیط زیست، عضو باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد فرش، دانشکده هنر و معماری، دانشگاه کاشان
کلید واژه: گردشگری, اکوتوریسم, مدل SWOT, محیط زیست,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده زمینه و هدف: امروزه صنعت گردشگری در دنیا یکی از منابع مهم درآمد و درعین حال از عوامل مؤثر در تبادلات فرهنگی بین کشورهاست و به منزله گستردهترین صنعت خدماتی جهان حایز جایگاه ویژه ای است. شهرستان اردکان یکی از مناطق زیبا و دیدنی استان یزد اسـت کـه علیرغم وجـود جاذبههای گردشگری فراوان فاقد امکانات و تسهیلات مناسب برای جذب گردشگران است. در این پژوهش سعی شده که قابلیتها و محدودیتهای توسعه گردشگری در این شهرستان شناسـایی شده و راهبردها و استراتژیهای مناسب جهت توسـعه گردشگری و اکوتوریسـم در این شهرستان مشـخص شود . روش بررسی: روش مـورد اسـتفاده در ایـن پژوهش، روش توصیفی تحلیلی است. به منظور جمـع آوری اطلاعـات و دادههـای مـورد نیـاز، از مطالعـات کتابخانه ای، بررسی اسناد و همچنین مطالعات میدانی شامل مصاحبه و پرسشنامه استفاده شـده و بـا توجـه بـه اطلاعات به دست آمده به بررسی جاذبهها ، امکانات، خـدمات و وضـعیت کلـی گردشگری و اکوتوریسـم در منطقه اقدام شده است. در مرحله بعد، جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات و ارایه راهبردها و استراتژی های توسـعه گردشگری و اکوتوریسـم از روش SWOT استفاده شده است. یافته ها: نتایج یافته ها نشان می دهد که مجموع امتیـاز وزندار جـدول مـاتریس عوامـل داخلـی 63/2 و در جدول ماتریس عوامل خارجی 36/2 است. عدد حاصـله پـایینتـر از میـانگین میباشد. در واقـع از قـوتهـا و فرصتهای به دست آمده به درستی در جهت غلبه بر ضعفها و تهدیدها اسـتفاده نشـده اسـت و ضـعفهـا بـر قوتها و تهدیدها بر فرصتها غالب هستند و نوع استراتژی حاصل شده، استراتژیی تنوعی(اقتضـایی) اسـت. بحث و نتیجه گیری: نتایج این پژوهش نشان می دهد که شهرستان اردکان از پتانسیل بالایی در زمینه گردشگری و اکوتوریسـم برخوردار میباشد که با سرمایهگذاری، برنامهریزی و مدیریت مناسب میتوان از این تواناییها در راستای توسعه پایدار گردشگری در این شهرستان استفاده نمود.
Background and Objective: Today, tourism industry is an important source of income, at the same time it is one of the vital factors in cultural exchanges among countries and it has a special postion in terms of being the most extensive service industry in the world. Despite abundant tourist attractions, Ardakan city, as one of the most beautiful regions in Yazd province, lacks the appropriate facilities to attract tourists. In this study, it has been attempted to identify the capabilities and limitations of tourism development in the city and to determine the suitable strategies for the development of tourism and ecotourism in this city. Method: The method used in this study is of a descriptive-analytic type. To collect the required information, library studies, document reviews and field studies, including interviews and questionnaires, were used. Study of attractions, amenities and services as well as overall situation of tourism and ecotourism in the region was rendered according to the information obtained. In the next step, SWOT method was used to analyze the information and provide guidelines and strategies for the development of tourism and ecotourism. Findings: Results demonstrated that the total weighted scores of the matrices for table of internal and external factors are 2.63 and 2.36 respectively. The obtained value was lower than average, showing the strengths and opportunities are not used properly to overcome the weaknesses and threats. The weaknesses outweigh the strengths and the threats are dominant to opportunities. In addition, the type of strategy obtained was a variety (contingency) strategy. Discussion and Conclusion: The results show that Ardakan city has great potential for tourism and ecotourism and by investing, planning and proper management these capabilities can be used for sustainable development of tourism in the city.
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- Yang, Yang & Fik, Timothy (2014). Spatial effects in regional tourism growth, Annals of Tourism Research 46, pp 144–162.
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- Shahidi, M.Sh., Ardestani, Z., Goodarzisoroosh, M.M. (2009). An Investigation of the Role of Tourism in Rural Areas (Case study: Dehestan Lavasan), Vol. 42, pp.99-113 (In persian).
- Kajanus, Miika, Kangas, Jyrki, Kurttila, Mikko (2004). The use of value focused thinking and the A’WOT hybrid method in tourism management, Journal of Tourism Management, Vol 25, pp 499–506.
- Gao, Chang-Yuan and Peng, Ding-Hong (2011). Consolidating SWOT analysis with nonhomogeneous uncertain preference information, Journal of Knowledge-Based Systems, Vol 24, pp 796–808.
- Gorener, Ali, Toker, Kerem, Ulucay, Korkmaz (2012). Application of Combined SWOT and AHP: A Case Study for a Manufacturing Firm, Journal of Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol 58, pp 1525 – 1534.
- Chakravarthy, k., Rav-Kumar, C.H, and Deepthi, K. (2008). SWOT Analysis on Medical Tourism, Presented at the Conference on Tourism in India-Challenges Ahead, 15-17 May, IIMK.
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- Liu, Chui-Hua & Tzeng, Gwo-Hshiung & Lee, Ming-Huei (2012). Improving tourism policy implementation. The use of hybrid MCDM models, Tourism Management 33, pp 413-426.
- Alipour Eshliki, Sajad & Kaboudi, Mahdi (2011). Community Perception of Tourism Impacts and Their Participation in Tourism Planning: A Case Study of Ramsar, Iran, ASEAN Conference on Environment-Behaviour Studies, Savoy Homann Bidakara Bandung Hotel, Bandung, Indonesia, 15-17, pp 333-341.
- Yang, Yang & Fik, Timothy (2014). Spatial effects in regional tourism growth, Annals of Tourism Research 46, pp 144–162.
- Liu, Chui-Hua & Tzeng, Gwo-Hshiung & Lee, Ming-Huei & Lee, Po-Yen (2013). Improving metro–airport connection service for tourism development: Using hybrid MCDM models, Tourism Management Perspectives 6, pp 95–107.
- Ramesht, M., Faeyzelahi, M. (2013). Preference and ranking of the tourism of Ebrahimabad in yazd, Vol. 3. pp 1-18(In persian).
- Sadr mousavi, M.S., Dakhili kahnamouei, j. (2007). An evaluation of services in tourist sites of the province of east azarbaijan, Vol. 39 .pp 129-143(In persian).
- 7. Einali, J., Rumiani, A., Jamshidi, M.K. (2008). Prioritizing the Tourist Attractions in Zanjan Province Using Topsis Model, Vol. 2, pp.92-112 (In persian).
- Statistical Center of Iran. (2006). Yazd Population and Housing Census (In persian).
- Ministry of Interior. (2007). Country Division, Political Division of Yazd Province (In persian).
- Panagiotou, George (2003). Bringing SWOT in to focus, Journal of Business Strategy Review Volume 14, Issue 2, pp 8-10.
- Shahidi, M.Sh., Ardestani, Z., Goodarzisoroosh, M.M. (2009). An Investigation of the Role of Tourism in Rural Areas (Case study: Dehestan Lavasan), Vol. 42, pp.99-113 (In persian).
- Kajanus, Miika, Kangas, Jyrki, Kurttila, Mikko (2004). The use of value focused thinking and the A’WOT hybrid method in tourism management, Journal of Tourism Management, Vol 25, pp 499–506.
- Gao, Chang-Yuan and Peng, Ding-Hong (2011). Consolidating SWOT analysis with nonhomogeneous uncertain preference information, Journal of Knowledge-Based Systems, Vol 24, pp 796–808.
- Gorener, Ali, Toker, Kerem, Ulucay, Korkmaz (2012). Application of Combined SWOT and AHP: A Case Study for a Manufacturing Firm, Journal of Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, Vol 58, pp 1525 – 1534.
- Chakravarthy, k., Rav-Kumar, C.H, and Deepthi, K. (2008). SWOT Analysis on Medical Tourism, Presented at the Conference on Tourism in India-Challenges Ahead, 15-17 May, IIMK.
- 16. Zarabi, A., Mohammadi, J., Firouzi, M.A., Goodarzi, M. (2011). Tourism planning with regards to SWOT MODEL (case study: Nur Abad Mamasani), Vol. 2, pp.1-24 (In persian).
- Rezaei, M.R., Hosseini, S.M., Hakimi, H. (2012). Strategical planning for crisis management in Yazd's historical tissue by using SWOT, Vol. 1 ,pp.35-44 (In persian).