بررسی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاک شهرستان خرم آباد با استفاده از شاخصهای آلودگی
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)
فائزه دانشوری
1
*
,
حسن پرویزی مساعد
2
,
ساناز آشورلو
3
1 - باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران
2 - باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران
3 - باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران
کلید واژه: فلزات سنگین, خاک, شاخص زمین انباشتگی, شاخص غنی شدگی, شاخص بار آلودگی.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: تخریب و آلودگی محیط زیست، ثمره جوامع صنعتی و یکی از ره آوردهای صنعتی شدن اجتماعات بشری است. هدف از این مطالعه، بررسی وضعیت آلودگی خاک و محصولات کشاورزی به فلزات مس، نیکل و کادمیوم در شهرستان خرم آباد واقع در استان لرستان است که جهت بررسی وضعیت آلودگی خاک از شاخصهای زمین انباشتگی، غنی شدگی و بار آلودگی در سال 1394 استفاده شد.
روش بررسی: تعداد 18 نمونه مرکب از خاک سطحی و محصولات کشاورزی از منطقه مطالعاتی جمع آوری شد. نمونهها بعد از هضم اسیدی، عصاره گیری شده و غلظت فلزات در نمونههای خاک و محصولات کشاورزی با استفاده از دستگاه جذب اتمی تعیین شد. دادهها استفاده از نرم افزار 20 SPSS تجزیه و تحلیل شدند.
نتایج: میزان شاخصهای زمین انباشتگی و بار آلودگی برای همه فلزات بین 0 تا 2 به دست آمد. فلزات مس و کادمیوم در خاک کشاورزی شهرستان خرم آباد بیشتر منشاً انسان ساخت دارند و فلز نیکل بیشتر منشاً طبیعی دارد. مقادیر شاخص بار آلودگی نشان داد که اکثر نمونهها در طبقه بدون آلودگی تا آلودگی متوسط قرار دارند و شاخص غنی شدگی برای فلز کادمیوم بیشترین مقدار را داشت.
نتیجه گیری: تجزیه و تحلیل شاخصهای آلودگی نشان داد که عناصر مس، نیکل و کادمیوم منشاً زمین شناسی و کشاورزی دارند. در واقع این فلزات به طور طبیعی در خاک وجود دارند اما فعالیتهای کشاورزی و استفاده از کودهای شیمیایی منجر به تجمع هر چه بیشتر این فلزات در خاک شده است. با توجه به شاخص ریسک سلامتی مشخص شد که مصرف محصولات کشاورزی شهرستان خرم آباد هیچگونه مشکلی برای سلامتی افراد ایجاد نخواهد کرد.
Introduction: Destruction and environmental pollution is the result of industrial societies and one of achievements of industrialization of human societies. The aim of this study was to investigate soil contamination and agricultural yields to copper, nickel and cadmium in Khorramabad city in Lorestan province, that for investigation of soil pollution was used of Igeo, Ipoll, EF index in 2015 year.
Method and material: A total of 18 composition samples were collected from surface soil and agriculture yields in studied area. Samples were extracted after acidic digestion and metals were determined in soil samples and agriculture products by atomic adsorption spectrometry. In the end the data obtained were analyzed by SPSS 20.
Results: Amount of Igeo and Ipoll index was achieved for total of obtained metals between 0-2. copper and cadmium in agriculture soil of Khorramabad city had more man-made source, and nickel had more natural origin. Values of Ipoll index showed that the most of samples being in sort of no pollution until average pollution and EF index had the most cadmium value.
Coclutions: The analysis of pollution index showed that copper, nickel and cadmium had geological origin and agriculture. In fact, these metals there had naturally in soil, but agricultural practices and use of chemical fertilizers lead to the accumulation of more and more of these metals in soil. With attention to health risk index identified that the consumtion of agriculture products in Khorramabad city will not create any problem for human health.
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