آشکارسازی الگوی مکانی تیپهای مختلف جنگلهای هیرکانی (مطالعه موردی: جنگلهای ناو اسالم گیلان)
محورهای موضوعی : منابع طبیعیپیمان فرهادی 1 * , جواد سوسنی 2 , سید یوسف عرفانی فرد 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری جنگلداري، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبيعي دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه جنگلداري، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه لرستان، خرم آباد، ایران
3 - دانشیار، بخش منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
کلید واژه: الگوی مکانی, بوم شناختی, تابع همبستگی جفتی, گونه¬های درختی.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: الگوی مکانی یکی از ویژگیهای کلیدی اکوسیستمهای جنگلی است که به همراه ترکیب و ساختار، عملکرد و خود تنظیمی جنگل را کنترل میکند. در این تحقیق الگوی مکانی درختان موجود در تیپهای راش (Fagus)، راش- ممرز (Fagus-Carpinus) و راش- افرا (Fagus-Acer) با استفاده از شاخصهای کلارک و اوانز، زاویه یکنواخت و تابع همبستگی جفتی در جنگلهای ناو اسالم گیلان بررسی شد.
روش بررسی: به منظور انجام این تحقیق 3 قطعه نمونه یک هکتاری در هر یک از تیپهای مذکور جنگلی ناو اسالم گیلان که از لحاظ شرایط محیطی همگن بودند، آماربرداری شدند و با استفاده از نرم افزار Crancod (ver 1.3) شاخصهای مورد نظر محاسبه شدند.
یافتهها: نتایج حاصل از شاخصهای کلارک و اوانز و زاویه یکنواخت، نشاندهنده الگوی مکانی تصادفی برای درختان سه تیپ مورد بررسی بود. همچنین نتایج تابع همبستگی جفتی نشان داد که در تیپ راش جفت درختاني که فاصله بين آنها کمتر از سه متر است، از حالت مورد انتظار در توزيع تصادفي بيشتر بوده و بيانکنندهي الگوي کپهاي درختان ميباشد. اما این مقدار برای تیپ راش- ممرز پنج متر و برای تیپ راش- افرا برابر با هشت متر میباشد.
بحث و نتیجهگیری: شاخصهای به کار رفته در این تحقیق ابزار بسیار مفیدی جهت تحلیل الگوی مکانی تیپهای مختلف و همچنین ویژگیهای بومشناختی گونه های درختی هستند.
Background and Objective: spatial pattern is one of the key features of forest ecosystems, which, along with the composition and the structure, controls function and regulation of forest. In this study, spatial pattern existence trees in Fagus, Fagus-Carpinus and Fagus-Acer types investigated by using Clark-evans, Uniform angle indices and Pair correlation function in Nave Asalem-Gilan forests.
Methods: In order to do this research three plots one-ha inventoried in each Nave Asalem-Gilan forest types, who were homogeneous in terms of environmental conditions, and with use Crancod (ver. 1.4) software calculated intended indices.
Finding: The results of Clark-evans and Uniform angle indices showed a random positioning for the trees in the studied types. Also results of Pair correlation function showed in Fagus type pair of trees the distance between them is less than three meters, was higher than expected in random distribution and expressing the clumpe pattern of trees.But this amounts is for Fagus-Carpinus type five meters and Fagus-Acer type equal to eight meters.
Discussion and Conclusion: The utilized indices in this study are very useful tool to analyze of spatial pattern different types and also the ecological features of tree species.
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