الگوی تجمع عناصر زنوبیوتیک و ضروری در جایگاههای رویشی پر، پایش زیستی کوتاهمدت و بلندمدت با رویکرد سطوح تغذیهای مختلف در مرغابیسانان زمستانگذران شمال ایران
محورهای موضوعی : آلودگی های محیط زیست (آب، خاک و هوا)مهدی صادقی 1 , سید محمود قاسمپوری 2 * , نادر بهرامی فر 3
1 - فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد آلودگی¬های محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
کلید واژه: عناصر ضروری, عناصر زنوبیوتیک, پر, پایش زیستی, مرغابی¬سانان, سطوح تغذیه¬ای.,
چکیده مقاله :
زمینه و هدف: فعالیتهای انسانی موجب انتشار مقادیر زیادی از فلزات در محیط زیست و آلودگی اکوسیستمها و زنجیرههای غذایی تا سطح انسانی شدهاست. همچنین آلودگی فلزات سنگین به یک مشکل مهم در دهههای اخیر تبدیل شده است. این فلزات بهطور بالقوهای برای بیشتر موجودات در سطوح مختلف مواجهه و جذب، مضر و خطرناک هستند. هدف از این مطالعه از یک سو، بررسی تجمع جیوه در شاهپرهای اولیه پروازی و پرهای ناحیه بیرونی دم بین مرغابیسانان با رژیم غذایی متفاوت و از سوی دیگر بررسی سطوح مختلف برخی از عناصر زنوبیوتیک (جیوه، کادمیوم و سرب) و ضروری (آهن، مس، روی و نیکل) در قطعات مختلف پرهای بیرونی دم، شاهپرهای اولیه بال و پرهای سینهای در چهار گونه از مرغابیسانان با جایگاههای متفاوت در زنجیره غذایی است که شامل غاز خاکستری (Anser anser)، خوتکا (Anas crecca)، فیلوش (Anas acuta) و اردک سرسبز (Anas platyrhynchos) میباشد.
روش بررسی: در این مطالعه جیوه توسط دستگاه پیشرفته اندازهگیری ترکیبات جیوه (AMA 254 Advanced Mercury Analyzer) و بقیه فلزات نیز توسط دستگاه پلاسمای جفت شده القایی / طیفسنجی نشر نوری (ICP/OES) اندازهگیری شدند.
یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد که در میانگین غلظت جیوه و دیگر فلزات بین گونهها و قطعات مختلف شاهپرهای دم (001/0P<) و همچنین بین شاهپرهای اولیه پروازی (001/0P< برای اکثر شاهپرها) تفاوت معنیدار آماری وجود دارد.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: مقایسه بین قطعات مختلف شاهپرهای دم و شاهپرهای اولیه پروازی از لحاظ تجمع جیوه نشان داد که هر چهار گونه در کلاسهبندی سطوح تغذیهای تفاوتی با هم ندارند. این نشان میدهد که آنها در سطوح تغذیهای یکسانی قرار گرفتند.
Background and Purpose: Human activities produce large amounts of metal emissions that spread all over the environment and contaminate ecosystems and food webs up to the human level. Also, heavy metal pollution has become an important problem in recent years. These metals are potentially harmful to most organisms at some level of exposure and absorption. The aim of this study on one hand is investigating mercury accumulation in primaries and the outermost tail feathers between waterfowl with different diet and the other hand investigating different levels of some Xenobiotic (Hg, Cd and Pb) and Essential (Fe, Cu, Zn and Ni) elements in outermost tail feather segments, wing primaries and breast feathers in four species of waterfowl with different locations in food chain which including Graylag Goose (Anser anser), Common teal (Anas crecca), Pintail (Anas acuta) and Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos).
Methods: In this study, Mercury was measured with the AMA 254 Advanced Mercury Analyzer, and other metals were measured by ICP/OES (Inductively coupled plasma/optical emission spectrometry).
Results: The results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between species and segments in mean mercury concentration and other heavy metals (sig<0.001) and in primary concentrations (sig<0.001 for most primaries).
Conclusion: The comparison between segments and primaries in mercury accumulation showed that each of the four species did not differ in trophic-level classification. It showed that they were at the same trophic level.
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