ارایه الگوی جامع موبینگ (ترور روحی) در محیط کار با تأکید بر محیطهای آموزشی؛ پیشایندها، ابعاد و پیامدها
محورهای موضوعی :
آموزش و پرورش
سید علی کوشازاده
1
(دکتری مدیریت منابع انسانی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، استادیار موسسه آموزش عالی اسرار)
محبوبه اسدزاده
2
(کارشناس ارشد مدیریت بازاریابی، دانشگاه سمنان)
تاریخ دریافت : 1395/08/16
تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/10/08
تاریخ انتشار : 1397/09/01
کلید واژه:
موبینگ,
قلدری سازمانی,
آزار و پرخاشگری در محیط کار,
محیط آموزشی,
چکیده مقاله :
یکی از عوامل اثرگذار روحی-عاطفی در محیطهای کاری و آموزشی که وجود و اثرات منفی فردی و سازمانی آن کمتر مدنظر قرار گرفته، موبینگ (ترور روحی) است. موبینگ فعالیتهای روحی-عاطفی با نمودهای گفتاری و رفتاری است که فرد (موب کننده) به‌گونه‌ای رفتار می‌کند تا طرف مقابل (قربانی موب شده) در شرایط ناامن قرار گرفته و گاه مجبور به ترک سازمان شود.
هدف این مطالعه علمی-مروری از نوع توصیفی و مبتنی بر صبغه کتابخانه‌ای، آن است که با کاوش مطالعات نظری و میدانی جهانی، به تعریف موبینگ، مراحل و ابعاد آن بپردازد؛ عوامل مرتبط (پیشایندها و پیامدهای) آن را بررسی کند؛ مهم‌ترین الگوهای مطرح شده، الگوی جامع توسعه‌یافته عوامل مرتبط با موبینگ و راهکارهایی برای مدیریت و کاهش آن ارایه دهد.
نتیجه مطالعه حاضر نشان می‌دهد در محیطهای کاری و آموزشی، رفتارهای موبینگ شامل هفت بعد مختلف، عوامل مؤثر و پیامدهای مخرب (فردی، شغلی، سازمانی، روانی-اجتماعی) است که ضرورت شناخت و مدیریت آنها، انجام مطالعات دقیق میدانی و بومی در هر محیط سازمانی و آموزشی خاص آن را ایجاب می‌کند. تقویت مربی‌گری، رفتارهای شهروندی سازمانی، شفافیت سازمانی، اخلاق کاری-حرفه‌ای، هوش معنوی و هیجانی، مدیریت تعارض و پویایی‌های تیمی، راهکارهای کاهش موبینگ و هم‌افزایی فعالیت‌ها برای تحقق اهداف فردی و سازمانی است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
One of the factors affecting psycho-emotional in the workplace and educational environments, that less considered its existence and personal and organizational negative effects, is mobbing (psychological terror). Mobbing is psycho-emotional activities with verbal and behavioral manifestations, in which a person (mobbing agent) have such behavior aim that other party (the victim of mobbing) placed in unsafe conditions, and sometimes he/she had to leave the organization.
The aim of this scientific-review study, descriptive type, based on library approach is by investigating global theoretical and field studies, define mobbing and its steps and dimensions; consider associated factors (antecedents and consequences of mobbing); present the most important designed models, developed a comprehensive model of factors associated with mobbing, and finally solutions for managing and decreasing mobbing.
Results of this study show that in educational and work environments, mobbing behaviors include 7 different dimensions, effective factors and destructive consequences (personal, job, organizational, mental-social) that necessity of knowing and managing them, oblige doing field and native exact studies in every special educational and work environments. Promoting coaching, citizenship behaviors, organizational transparency, work-professional ethics, spiritual and emotional intelligence, conflict and team dynamics management are solutions for decreasing mobbing and synergistic practices in line with achievement of personal and organizational goals.
منابع و مأخذ:
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