Response of Fresh Forage, Dry Matter and Yield Components of Sorghum to Different level of Nitrogen and Cutting Height
Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Nutrition ScienceZahra Gholiporkahyash 1 , Mojtaba Alavifazel 2 , Mohammad Reza Dadnia 3
1 - MSc. Graduated, Department of Agronomy, Khuzestan Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.|Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 - Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran.
3 - Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
Keywords: Nutrition, Fertilizer, Seed weight, Urea</i>, <i>Crop production,
Abstract :
BACKGROUND: Fertilizer management plays an important role for obtaining satisfactory yields and to increase crop productivity. Nitrogen is generally a limiting nutrient in crop production, and especially in sorghum, as it has been said to be the most responsive nutrient for its production. OBJECTIVES: Current study was conducted to assessment effect of urea fertilizer and cutting height on seed yield, its components and harvest index of Sorghum. METHODS: This research was carried out via split plot experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications. The main factor included three level of urea fertilizer (200, 300 and 400 kg.ha-1) and three level of cutting height (7, 12 and 14 cm) belonged to subfactor. RESULT: According result of analysis of variance effect of urea fertilizer and cutting height on all measured traits (instead harvest index) was significant, but interaction effect of treatments on 1000-seed weight, fresh forage yield, harvest index, number of seed per panicle and number of fertile tiller was not significant. Mean comparison result of different level of urea fertilizer indicated that maximum amount of all measured traits belonged to 400 kg.ha-1 treatment. As for Duncan classification made with respect to different level of cutting height the highest amount of studied characteristics was for 7cm treatment. Evaluation mean comparison result of interaction effect of treatments revealed maximum seed yield (693 gr.m-2) was noted for 400 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer and 7cm cutting height and lowest one (480 gr.m-2) belonged to 200 kg.ha-1 urea and 17cm treatment. Similar result was found for other traits. CONCLUSION: According result of current study 400 kg.ha-1 urea fertilizer and 7cm cutting height had the highest amount of studied traits, so it can be advice to producers.
Aishah, S., H. A. R. Saberi, R. A. Halim. and A. R. Zaharah. 2011. Yield responses of forage sorghums to salinity and irrigation frequency. Afr. J. Biotech. 10(20): 4114-4120.
Agriculture Online. 1999. Cut it close for best performance in alfalfa. http: //www.agriculture.com, April 9, 1999.
Almodares, A., M. Jafarinia. and M. R. Hadi. 2009. The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on chemical compositions in corn and sweet Sorghum. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 6(4): 441-446.
Beyart, R. P. and R. C. Roy. 2005. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on multi-cut forage sorghum, Sudan grass yield and nitrogen use. Agron. J. 97: 1493-1501.
Biari, A., A. Gholami. and H. A. Rahmani. 2008. Growth promotion and enhanced nutrient uptake of maize by application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in arid region of Iran. J. Biol. Sci. Biotech. Adv. 19: 135-138.
Chuck, C. J. and J. Donnelly. 2014. The compatibility of copper potential with saline water in sorghum cultivars. Apply of Energy. 120: 245–252.
Eskandari, H., A. Ghanbari. and A. Javanmard. 2009. Intercropping of cereals and legumes for forage production. Notulae Sci. Biol. 1: 7-13.
FAOSTAT. 2013. FAO statistical year book of 2013. Word food and Agriculture. Statistical Division of Food and Agriculture Organization of UN.
Gardner, F., R. Pearce. and R. L. Mitchell. 1985. Physiology of crop plants. Iowa State Univ. Press. Ames.
Garg, B. K., S. Kathju. and S. P. Vyas .2005. Salinity-fertility interaction on growth. Photosynthesis and nitrate reductase activity in sesame. Indian J. Plant Physiol. 10: 162-167.
Gul, I., V. Saruhan. and M. Basbag. 2005. Determination of yield and yield components and relationship among the components of grain sorghum cultivars grown as main crop. Asian J. Plant Sci. 4: 613-618.
Guo, J. H., X. J. Liu, Y. Zhang, J. L. Shen, W. X. Han, W. F. Zhang, P. Christie, K. W. T. Goulding, P. M. Vitousek. and F. S. Zhang. 2010. Significant acidification in major Chinese croplands. Sci. J. 327: 1008-1010.
Hamidi, A. and A. Dabbagh-Mohammadi-Nasab. 2000. Effects of plant density on crop nitrogen use efficiency in corn hybrid. J. Agri. Sci. 10: 57-43.
Hammad, H. M., A. Ahmad, A. Wajid. and J. Akhter. 2011. Maize response to time and rate of nitrogen application. Pakistan J. Bot. 43: 1935-1942.
Karimi, A. and M. Naderi. 2007. Yield and water use efficiency of forage corn as influenced by superabsorbent polymer application in soils with different texture. J. Agri. Res. 3: 187-198.
Kumar, B., P. Pandey. and D. K. Maheshwari. 2009. Reduction in dose of chemical fertilizers and growth enhancement of sesame with application of rhizospheric competent P. aeruginosa LES4. Europe. J. Soil Biol. 45: 334–340.
Moghimi, N. and Y. Emam. 2015. Growth and yield responses of two forage sorghum cultivars to different nitrogen fertilizer rates. J. Iran Agri. Res. 34(1) 39-45.
Olugbemi, O. 2017. Sweet sorghum and nitrogen fertilizer application: A review. J. Agri. Sci. 2: 28-35.
Ramos, T. B., J. Simunek, M. C. Goncalves, J. C. Martins, A. Prazeres. and L. S. Pereira. 2012. Two-dimensional modeling of water and nitrogen fate from sorghum irrigated with fresh and blended saline waters. J. Agri. Water Manage. 111: 87-104.
Roy, R. C., A. Sagar, J. E. Tajkia, Md. A. Razzak. and A. K. M. Zakir Hossain. 2018. Effect of salt stress on growth of sorghum germ plasms at vegetative stage. J. Bangladesh Agri. Univ. 16(1): 67-72.
Sadeghzade, A., M. Tajbakhsh. and A. Jalili A. 2012. Effects of foliar application of stimurel, Force 4-L and Dulzee on yield and yield components of sorghum speedfeed. Int. Res. J. Biotech. 3(1): 018-021.
Singh, M., B. A. Krantz. and G. B. Baird. 1972. Agronomic production techniques in sorghum. In: G. P. N. Rao. and L. R. House. (Eds.). Sorghum in seventies. Oxford and IBH Publ. Co. New Delhi. India. pp: 302-333.
Singh, D. K., A. K. Pandey, U. B. Pandey. and S. R. Bhonde. 2002. Effect of farmyard manure combined with foliar application of NPK mixture and micronutrients on growth, yield and quality of Onion. Newsletter-Natl. Horti. Res. Develop. Found. 21-22: 1-7.
Shamme, S. K, C. V. Raghavaiah, T. Balemi. and I. Hamza. 2016. Sorghum growth, productivity, nitrogen removal, N-use efficiencies and economics in relation to genotypes and nitrogen nutrition in Kellem-Wollega zone of Ethiopia, East Africa. Adv. Crop Sci. Tech 4: 218-226.
Smith, D. and C. J. Nelson. 1967. Growth of birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa. I. Responses to height and frequency of cutting. Crop Sci. 7: 130-133.