Assessment Effect of Spray Different level of Zinc and Magnesium on Crop Production and Agrophysiological Characteristics of Wheat

Subject Areas : Journal of Crop Nutrition Science

Sara  Madeh Khaksar ¹ (Msc. Graduated, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.)
Shahram  Lack ² (Professor, Department of Agronomy, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.)

Received: 2019-06-30 Accepted : 2019-09-05 Published : 2019-09-30

Keywords: Nutrition, Fertilizer, <i>Current photosynthesis, Redistribution, Seed yield</i>,

Abstract :

BACKGROUND: Suitable and useful usage of different kind of fertilizers is the main way for reformation and potential of soil fertility and increasing of crops yield. Microelements are the critical elements for plants; also play the important role in crop productivity where it is used in low rate. Optimum plant nutrition and maximum yield is achieved when nutrient elements are available for plant during the growing season. OBJECTIVES: This research was carried out to evaluate response of seed yield, materials redistribution and current photosynthesis of wheat under apply different level of microelements (Zinc and Manganese). METHODS: Current study was conducted according factorial experiment based on randomized complete blocks design with three replications along 2018 year. The first factor included spray different level of Zinc (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 kg.ha-1) and second factor consisted spray Manganese at three level (0, 2 and 4 gr.1000L-1). RESULT: Evaluation of analysis of variance indicated effect of different level of zinc on all measured traits was significant, also effect different level of Manganese (instead contribution and efficiency of redistribution) and interaction effect of treatments (instead efficiency of current photosynthesis) on all measured traits had similar result. Mean comparison result of different level of zinc revealed the maximum amount of seed yield (5258 kg.ha-1), rate of redistribution (150.2 gr.m-2), contribution of redistribution (28.5%), efficiency of redistribution (12.6 gr.gr-1), rate of current photosynthesis (375 gr.m-2), efficiency of current photosynthesis (48.5%) was noted for 10 kg.ha-1 zinc fertilizer. Also compare different level of manganese and interaction effect of treatments showed similar result. CONCLUSION: Finally according result of current study the highest of amount of crop production and agrophysiological traits belonged to spray 10 kg.ha-1 zinc and 4 gr.1000L-1 manganese micronutrient and under studied region it can be advised to farmers.

References:

Amberger, A. 1974. Micronutrients, dynamics in the soil and function in plant metabolism. IV. Copper. Proc. Egypt Bot. Soc. Workshop 1. Cairo. pp: 113-120.

Baji, M., S. Lutts. and J. M. Kient. 2001. Water deficit effects on solute contribution to osmotic adjustment as a function of leaf ageing in durum wheat cultivars performing differently in arid conditions. Plant Sci. J. 160: 669-681.

Cakmak I. 2008. Enrichment of cereal grains with zinc: Agronomic or genetic biofortification? Plant Soil. 302(1): 1-17.

Cakmak, I, W. H. Pfeiffer. and B. Mc Clafferty. 2010. Biofortification of durum wheat with zinc and iron. Cereal Chem. 87(1):10-20.

El-Maghraby, T. A. 2004. Effect of wheat grain soaking in some micronutrient solutions on crop production under rainfall condition. Egyp. J. Soil Sci. 44(3): 429-440.

EL-Metwally, A. E., F. E. Abdalla, A. M. El-Saady, S. A. Safina. and S. EI-Sawy. 2010. Response of Wheat to Magnesium and Copper Foliar Feeding under Sandy Soil Condition. J. Am. Sci. 6(12): 818-823. In: Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 2^nd Ed. Academic Press. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Published 674 P. USA.

Fraga, C. G. 2005. Relevance, essentiality and toxicity of trace elements in human health. Molecular Aspects Med. 26(4-5): 235–244.

Gastillo, E. G., R. J. Buresh. and K. T. Ingram. 1992. Lowland rice yield as affected by timing of water deficit and nitrogen. Agron. J. 84: 152- 159.

Hu, Y. and U. Schmidhalter. 2001. Effect of salinity and macronutrient levels on micronutrient in wheat. J. Plant Nutr. 24 (2): 273-281.

Jiang, L. N., F. Hou. and B. Z. Hao. 2008. Effect of Zn²⁺ on dry matter and zinc accumulation in wheat seedling. J. Triticeae Crops. 28(6): 1005–1010.

Khald Barin, B. and T. Islamzadeh. 2001. Mineral feeding of higher plants. Shiraz Univ. Pub. 120 pp.

Khalil, S. K, F. Khan, A. Rehman, F. Muhammad, A. Ullah, A. Z. Khan, S. Wahab, S. Akhtar, M. Zubair, I. H. Khalil, M. K. Shah. and H. Khan. 2011. Dual purpose wheat for forage and grain yield in response to cutting, seed rate and nitrogen. Pak. J. Bot. 43(2): 937-947.

Majeedi, A. and M. Balali. 2001. Effects of iron, zinc, manganese and copper on the yield and quality of wheat in saline conditions. Agric. Res. Center West Azarbaijan. Res. Report. 45 pp. (Abstract in English)

Marschner, H. 1995. Mineral nutrition of higher plants. 2^nd Ed. New York: Academic Press, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. Pub. 674 P.

Naderi, A. 2001. Evaluation of genetic diversity and modeling of the potential for redistribution of assimilate and nitrogen to grain in wheat hybrids under water stress situation. PhD. Thesis. Islamic Azad University. Ahvaz Branch. 243 pp. (Abstract in English)

Pahlavan-Rad, M., Q. Kikha. and M. R. Narooei Rad. 2008. Effect of zinc, iron and manganese application on yield, yield components, concentration and absorption of nutrients in wheat seed. Res. Develop. Agri. Hortic. 150: 79-142.

Pahlavan-Rad, M. R., S. A. R. Movahedi-Naeini. and M. Pessarakli. 2011. Nutrient uptake, soil and plant nutrient contents, and yield components of wheat plants under different planting systems and various irrigation frequencies. J. Plant Nutr. 34: 1133-1143.

Papakosta, D. K. and A. A. Gagianas. 1991. Nitrogen and dry matter accumulation, remobilization and Losses for Mediterranean wheat during grain filling. Agron. J. 83: 864–870.

Pfeiffer, W. H and B. Mc Clafferty. 2007. Harvest plus: Breeding crops for better nutrition. Crop Sci. 47(3): 88–105.

Sadeghi, F. 2017. Effect of magnesium and Zinc elements on agronomic traits and seed germination of bread Wheat. Iranian J. Seed Res. 3(2): 143-154. (Abstract in English)

Saeedin, Z. 2016. Evaluate effect of different level of micronutrient on seed yield of cowpea. 14^th Natl. Iranian Crop Sci. Cong. Gilan University. Rasht. Iran. (Abstract in English)

Schneider, H. 1993. The role of carbohydrate storage and redistribution in the source-sink relation of wheat and barley during grain filling –a review. New Phytol. 123: 233-245.

Soleymani, A. and M. H. Shahrajabian. 2016. The effects of Fe, Mn and Zn foliar application on yield, ash and protein percentage of forage sorghum in climatic condition of Esfahan. Intl. J. Biol. 4(3): 92-97.

Tan, K., W. G. Keltjens. and G. R. Findenegg. 1992. Acid soil damage in sorghum genotypes: Role of magnesium deficiency and root impairment. Plant and Soil. 139: 149-155.

White, P. J. and M. R. Broadley. 2009. Biofortification of crops with seven mineral elements often lacking in human diets: Iron, zinc, copper, calcium, magnesium, selenium and iodine. New Phytol. 182(1): 49–84.

Ziaeian, A. and M. J. Malakouti. 1999. The effect of manganese on wheat production in highly calcareous soils of in Fars province. J. Soil Water. 12: 65-71. (Abstract in English)