مقایسه ی اثربخشی آموزش روانی فرندز، مشاوره ی کوتاه مدت راه حل محور و ورزش های هوازی بر میزان مهارت های ارتباطی دانش آموزان
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه تعالی مشاوره و روان درمانی
علیرضا ارکیان
1
(مربی، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایلام ، ایران.)
محسن جدیدی
2
(دانشیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد شهرقدس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شهر قدس، ایران.)
زینب میهن دوست
3
(استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، واحد ایلام، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران.)
کلید واژه: مهارتهای ارتباطی, برنامه فرندز, درمان راه حلمحور, ورزشهای هوازی (فیتنسگرام),
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: پژوهش حاضر مقایسه اثربخشی آموزش روان‌شناختی فرندز، درمان راه‌حل‌محور کوتاه‌مدت و تمرین هوازی بر مهارتهای ارتباطی دانش آموزان بود.روش: پژوهش حاضر شبه آزمایشی و دارای طرح پیش آزمون-پس آزمون با گروه کنترل و مرحله پیگیری است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش تمامی نوجوانان 13 تا 15 ساله مقطع متوسطه اول ناحیه آموزش و پرورش کهریزک در سال تحصیلی 98-98 بودند که از بین آن ها تعداد 40 نفر با استفاده از نرم افزار G*POWER به عنوان نمونه با روش در دسترس انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در 4 گروه قرار گرفتند. گروه آزمایش اول به مدت 10 جلسه 60 دقیقه ای (در هفته دوبار) تحت آموزش برنامه ی فرندز، گروه آزمایش دوم به مدت 9 جلسه 90 دقیقه ای (در هفته یکبار) تحت آموزش درمان کوتاه مدت راه حل محور، گروهسوم به مدت 12جلسه (در هفته سه بار) تحت آموزش برنامه ورزشی فیتنس گرام قرار گرفتند؛ و گروه گواه، مداخله ای دریافت نکرد. به‎منظور گردآوری داده های پژوهش از پرسشنامه مهارت ارتباطی بارتون استفاده شد. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری تحلیل شدند.یافته ها: تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری نشان داد که در مرحله پیش آزمون-پس آزمون درمان راه حل محور، آموزش روانی فرندز، و ورزش های هوازی به طور معناداری منجر به ارتقاء مهارتهای ارتباطی برای خرده مقیاس بازخورد (0.009p< )، کلامی (0.006 p<)، و شنیداری (0.001p< ) معنادار بوده است. همچنین در پس آزمون–پیگیری خرده مقیاس های بازخورد (0.008 p<)، و شنیداری (0.002 p<)، معنادار بوده اند.نتیجه گیری: نتایج نشان داد مداخلات آموزش روان‌شناختی، درمان راه‌حل‌محور کوتاه‌مدت و تمرینات هوازی بر مهارتهای ارتباطی دانش‌آموزان مؤثر است و می توان این دوره‌های آموزشی روان‌شناختی را برای بهبود مهارت های ارتباطی استفاده کرد.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of FRIENDS psychological training, short-term solution-oriented therapy, and aerobic exercise (FitnessGram) on students’ communication skill. Methodology: The present study was quasi-experimental research with pretest and posttest-follow-up stages and control group. The statistical population of this study included all adolescents aged 13 to 15 years old in the first grade of Tehran State High School in Kahrizak Education District in the academic year of 2019-2020. Forty students were selected as our sample with non-convenience sampling method utilizing G*Power software. The subjects were assigned randomly into 3 intervention groups and control group. First experimental group trained by the researcher for nine 60-minute group sessions of FRIENDS program; SFBT intervention implemented based on Gutterman advanced techniques for Solution-Focused Counseling Protocol in eight 90-minute group sessions; and the last experiment group trained in FitnessGram exercises nine-60 minutes sessions in three weeks. Barton communication questionnaire used to gather research data.Findings: Recruited data analyzed by MANOVA. Results showed a significant difference between the intervention groups in terms of communication skills in the pretest-posttest on feedback, verbal, and auditory subscales (p<0.009), (p<0.006), (p<0.001) respectively; Also in pretest and follow-up stage, feedback subscale (p<0.008) and auditory subscale (p<0.002) showed a significant difference between the intervention groups.Conclusion: Findings indicated that students could benefit psychoeducations in academic settings in order to improve their communication skills.
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