Blood Glucose Response to Resistance Training with Emphasis on the Hepatic TCF7L2 Gene Expression in Obese Diabetic Rats

Subject Areas : Journal of Chemical Health Risks

Heydarzadeh Tabrizi Soheil ¹ ( Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran )
Heshmatolah Parsian ² ( Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran )
Shahram Soheili ³ ( Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran )

Received: 2024-04-07 Accepted : 2024-06-24 Published : 2024-09-24

Keywords: TCF7L2 gene expression, Type 2 diabetes, Insulin resistance, Resistance training, Gluconeogenesis,

Abstract :

Enhanced glucose production by the liver contributes to hyperglycemia in individuals with diabetes. The purpose of this research was to explore how resistance training influences serum insulin levels, fasting glucose, insulin sensitivity, and TCF7L2 gene expression in the liver cells of rats with type 2 diabetes (T2D). To achieve this aim, T2D was induced in 14 male Wistar rats, aged 10 weeks, through an 8-week high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (STZ) administration. Subsequently, these rats were randomly divided into two groups: an exercise group that underwent resistance training for 8 weeks, five times per week (n = 7), and a control group that did not receive any training (n = 7). 48 hours following the final training session, all rats underwent dissection. Measurements were taken for TCF7L2 gene expression, glucose, insulin, and insulin resistance, and these metrics were statistically analyzed using an independent t-test between two groups. The data indicated that, relative to the control group, resistance training significantly reduced glucose levels (P = 0.001) and insulin resistance (P = 0.009), while it increased serum insulin levels (P = 0.035) and TCF7L2 gene expression in hepatocytes (P = 0.011). Based on these finding, improved glucose and insulin resistance following resistance training in T2D can be attributed to enhance TCF7L2 gene expression in hepatocytes by training.

References:

1. Karimi S., Khorsandi L.S., Ai J., 2022. Fabrication of bioartificial pancreas using decellularized rat testicular tissue. Acta Histochem. 124(6), 151928.
2. Barroso E., Jurado-Aguilar J., Wahli W., Palomer X., Vázquez-Carrera M., 2024. Increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Trends Endocrinol Metab. Published online doi:10.1016/j.tem.2024.05.006.
3. Souza Pauli L.S., Ropelle E.C., de Souza C.T., Cintra D.E., da Silva A.S., de Almeida Rodrigues B., de Moura L.P., Marinho R., de Oliveira V., Katashima C.K., Pauli J.R., Ropelle E.R., 2014. Exercise training decreases mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-3 expression and suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis in obese mice. J Physiol. 592(6),1325-40.
4. Yang H., Li Q., Lee J.H., Shu Y., 2012. Reduction in Tcf7l2 Expression Decreases Diabetic Susceptibility in Mice. Int J Biol Sci. 8(6), 791-801.
5. Norton L., Fourcaudot M., Abdul-Ghani M.A., Winnier D., Mehta F.F., Jenkinson C.P., Defronzo R.A., 2011. Chromatin occupancy of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) and its role in hepatic glucose metabolism. Diabetologia. 54(12), 3132-42.
6. Souza Pauli L.S., Ropelle E.C., de Souza C.T., Cintra D.E., da Silva A.S., de Almeida Rodrigues B., de Moura L.P., Marinho R., de Oliveira V., Katashima C.K., Pauli J.R., Ropelle E.R., 2014. Exercise training decreases mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-3 expression and suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis in obese mice. J Physiol. 592(6), 1325-40.
7. Yang Z., Zhang L., Liu J., Li D., 2024. Litchi Pericarp Extract Treats Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Energy Metabolism. Antioxidants (Basel). 13(4), 495.
8. Oh K.J., Park J., Kim S.S., OH H., Choi C.S., Koo S.H., 2012. TCF7L2 modulates glucose homeostasis by regulating CREB- and FoxO1-dependent transcriptional pathway in the liver. PLoS Genet. 8(9), e1002986.
9. Eizadi M., Soory R., Ravasi A., Baesy K., Choobineh S., 2017. Relationship between TCF7L2 Relative Expression in Pancreas Tissue with Changes in Insulin by High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) in Type 2 Diabetes Rats. JSSU. 24(12), 981-993.
10. Eizadi M., Ravasi A.A., Soori R., Baesi K., Choubineh S., 2017. Effect of three months aerobic training on TCF7L2 expression in pancreatic tissue in type 2 diabet es rats induced by streptozotocin- nicotinamide. Feyz Medical Sciences Journal. 21(1), 1-8.
11. Karimy A., Kazemzadeh Y., Eizadi M., Sedaghaty S., Ghotnian S., 2014. Effect of High-Intensity Interval Training on TCF7L2 Gene Expression in Hepatocytes of Obese Rats. IJDO. 16(1), 17-24.
12. Yazdanpazhooh S., Banaeifar A., Arshadi S., Eizadi M., 2018. Six weeks resistance training effect on FTO expression in type II diabetes rats. Iranian Journal of Diabetes and Obesity. 10(4), 216-2.
13. Eizadi M., Mirakhori Z., Amini A., 2019. The effect of 8-week resistance training on IRS-1 gene expression in gastrocnemius muscle and glycemic profile in diabetes rats. Arch Med Lab Sci. 5(1), 23-30.
14. Coughlin F.B., Eagon J.C., Halpin V.J., Magkos F., Mohammed B.S., Klein S., 2007. Effect of marked weight loss on adiponectin gene expression and plasma concentrations. Obesity (Silver Spring). 15(3), 640-5.
15. Eizadi M., Ravasi A.A., Soory R., Baesi K., Choobineh S., 2016. The Effect of Three Months of Resistance Training on TCF7L2 Expression in Pancreas Tissues of Type 2 Diabetic Rats. Avicenna J Med Biochem. 4(1), e34014.
16. Karimi M., Eizadi M., 2019. The effect of interval training on FOXO1 expression in pancreas tissue of diabetic rats with high fat diet and STZ. Razi J Med Sci. 26(6), 95-104.
17. Sohaily S., Eizadi M., Tarmast D., 2020. Effect of resistance training on FOXO1 gene expression in subcutaneous fatty tissue in diabetic wistar rats. J Gorgan Univ Med Sci. 21(4), 53-59. [In Persian].
18. Sheu W.H., Chang T.M., Lee W.J., Ou H.C., Wu C.M., Tseng L.N., Lang H.F., Wu C.S., Wan C.J., Lee I.T., 2008. Effect of weight loss on proinflammatory state of mononuclear cells in obese women. Obesity (Silver Spring). 16(5), 1033-8.
19. Goldhaber-Fiebert J.D., Goldhaber-Fiebert S.N., Tristán M.L., Nathan D.M., 2003. Randomized controlled community-based nutrition and exercise intervention improves glycemia and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients in rural Costa Rica. Diabetes Care. 26(1), 24-9.
20. Maltais M.L., Perreault K., Courchesne-Loyer A., Lagacé J.C., Barsalani R., Dionne I.J., 2016. Effect of Resistance Training and Various Sources of Protein Supplementation on Body Fat Mass and Metabolic Profile in Sarcopenic Overweight Older Adult Men: A Pilot Study. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 26(1), 71-7.
21. Abd El-Kader S., Gari A., Salah El-Den A., 2013. Impact of moderate versus mild aerobic exercise training on inflammatory cytokines in obese type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized clinical trial. Afr Health Sci. 13(4), 857-63.
22. Lopes W.A., Leite N., da Silva L.R., Brunelli D.T., Gáspari A.F., Radominski R.B., Chacon-Mikahil M.P., Cavaglieri C.R., 2016. Effects of 12 weeks of combined training without caloric restriction on inflammatory markers in overweight girls. J Sports Sci. 34(20), 1902-12.