Investigation of Changes in Liver Adiponectin Gene Expression on the Effects of Short-term Aerobic Exercise, Consumption of High-fat Diet and Curcumin Extract in Male Rats

Maryam Babaali ¹ ( Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran )
Tahereh Bagherpour ² ( Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran )
Nematollah Nemati ³ ( Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran )

Submited date : 2022-12-31 Accepted date : 2023-07-18

Keywords: Short-term aerobic exercise, Curcumin extract, Adiponectin gene expression, A high-fat diet,

Abstract :

Human adipose tissue secreted adiponectin which is a peptide hormone and has beneficial effects on both glucose and fat metabolism. Adiponectin slows down the amount of glucose output from the liver by increasing the sensitivity of the liver to insulin and also increases the uptake of glucose and regulates the blood glucose. Therefore the purpose of this study was comparison the effects of short-term aerobic exercise, a high-fat, and curcumin extract diet on the adiponectin gene expression in the liver tissue among male rats. Fifty male rats were divided into five groups: group 1 controlled, group 2 was fed a high-fat diet, group 3 was fed a high-fat diet and given Curcumin supplementation, group 4 was fed a high-fat diet, kept on exercise and fifth group was fed a high-fat diet with Curcumin supplementation and kept on exercise. All data were statistically evaluated using a statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS). All values were presented as means ± SD. The parametric data were evaluated by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by a post hoc Bonferroni test. Data were considered statistically significant with a p-value < 0.05. The results showed a significant difference between the mean of adiponectin gene expressions in five groups (P=0.001). Bonferroni's post hoc test analysis also demonstrated a significant difference between the control group and the high-fat diet group (P=0.001), the control group and the high-fat diet group with exercise performance group (P=0.001), the control group and the high-fat diet group follow curcumin consumption group (P=0.001), and the control group compared with the high-fat diet group combined with exercise performance group follow curcumin consumption group (P=0.001). The results of the research showed that short-term aerobic exercise has a positive effect on adiponectin levels in male rats. Also, according to the type of exercise, it can be said that short-term aerobic exercise can cause a significant increase in the expression of the adiponectin gene in male rats.

References:

1. Furukawa S., Fujita T., Shimabukuro M., Iwaki M., Yamada Y., 2017. Nakajima. Increased oxidative stress in obesity and its impact on metabolic syndrome. The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 114(12),1752-61.


2. Baek K, Kang J., Lee J., Kim M., Baek J.H., 2018. The Time Point-Specific Effect of Beta-Adrenergic Blockade in Attenuating High Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Bone Loss. Calcified Tissue International. (19),1-13.


3. Vohra Z, Abduljabbar T., Hassan A., Ibrahim M., Javed F., Vohra F., 2016. Cytokine profile in chronic periodontitis patients with and without obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Disease Markers.


4. Milan G., Romanello V., Pescatore F., Armani A., Paik J.H., Frasson L., 2015. Regulation of autophagy and the ubiquitin–proteasome system by the FoxO transcriptional network during muscle atrophy. Nature Communications. 10,6 6670.


5. Perl A., 2015. Activation is a biomarker and a central pathway to autoimmune disorders, cancer, obesity, and aging. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 1346(1),33-44.


6. Martins R., Lithgow G.J., Link W., 2016. Long live FOXO: unraveling the role of FOXO proteins in aging and longevity. Aging Cell. 15(2),196-207.


7. Relling D.P., Esberg L.B., Fang C.X., Johnson W.T., Murphy E.J., Carlson E.C., 2006. High-fat diet-induced juvenile obesity leads to cardiomyocyte dysfunction and upregulation of Foxo3a transcription factor independent of lipotoxicity and apoptosis. Journal of hypertension. 549-61.


8. Kandula V., Kosuru R., Li H., Yan D., Zhu Q, Lian Q., 2016. Forkhead box transcription factor 1: role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular diabetology. 15(1), 44.


9. Jin B.U., 2018. Polyphenol-enriched fractions of Cyclopia intermedia selectively affect lipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, Planta Med. 84,100–110.


10. Sonoli S.S., Shivprasad S., Prasad C.V., Patil A.B., Desai P.B., Somannavar MS. 2011. Visfatin--a review. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 15(1), 9-14.


11. Felice S., & Antonio B., Giovanni D., Clotilde C., Stefania M., Rocco S., Meglio D., Daria N., 2017. Effects of Physical Exercise on Adiponectin, Leptin, and Inflammatory Markers in Childhood Obesity: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Childhood Obesity. 2017, 14. 10.1089/chi.0269


12. Raoufi A., sirous F., Hoseini A., 2019. The Effect of Eight Weeks of Curcumin Supplementation on the Expression of Some Regulatory Genes of Atrophic Processes in the Heart Tissue of Fatty Adult Fatty Rats. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 9(2), 1425-1432.


13. Babalwa U.J., Christiaan J.M., Mokadi M., Christo J.F.M, Elizabeth J., Johan L., Carmen P., 2019. Adipose tissue as a possible therapeutic target for polyphenols: A case for Cyclopia extracts as anti-obesity nutraceuticals. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy.120, 109439.


14. Singh S.P., Bellner L., Vanella L., Cao J., Falck J.R., Kappas A., 2016. Downregulation of PGC-1α prevents the beneficial effect of EET-heme oxygenase-1 on mitochondrial integrity and associated metabolic function in obese mice. Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism. doi: 10.1155/2016/9039754


15. Frayn K.N., Fielding B.A., Humphreys S.M., Coppack S.W., 1996. Nutritional influences on human adipose – tissue metabolism . Biochem Soc Trans. 24(2), 422-6.


16. Jin T., Song Z., Weng J., Fantus I.G., 2018. Curcumin and other dietary polyphenols: Potential mechanisms of metabolic actions and therapy for diabetes and obesity. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism.

17.Frayn K.N., 2002. Insulin resistance,impaired postprandial lipid metabolism and abdominal obesity, Med Princ Pract. 2, 31-40.

18. Park H.S., Park J.Y., YU R., 2005. Relationship of obesity and visceral adiposity with serum concentrations of CRP, and IL-6. Diabe Res Clin Pract. 69, 29-35.


19. Tzotzas T., Samara M., Constantinidis T., Tziomalos K., Krassas G., 2007. Short-term administration of orlistat reduced daytime triglyceridemia in obese women with the metabolic syndrome. Angiology. 58(1), 26-33.


20. Ryan M.J., 2007. Response to Insulin Resistance and Obesity in a Mouse Model of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Hypertension. 49(2), e13.


21. Khan A., Safdar M., Alikhan MM., Khattak KN., Anderson RA., 2003. Cinnamon improves glucose and lipids of people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 26(1), 3215-8.


22. Dabidi Roshan V., Barzegar zadeh H., 2011. The effect of obesity and activity intensity on serum adiponectin response and some biochemical indices in young women. Journal Sports Biology (Movement). 2(54), 21-39.


23. Mohebi H., Talebi Gorgani E., Hedayati M., Fathi R., 2009. The effect of exercise on high molecular weight adiponectin in healthy male rats. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 3, 315-321.


24. Tofighi A., 2014. Effect of water exercise on serum adiponectin level and insulin resistance in obese postmenopausal women. Iranian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism. 12(3), 260-267.


25. Mohebi H., Moghadesi M., Rahmani Nia F., Hasan Nia S., Norozi H., 2010. The effect of 12 weeks of intense aerobic activity and one week of no exercise on plasma adiponectin concentration, insulin resistance and central and peripheral fat volume in middle-aged obese men. Olympic Journal. 3(51), 33-46.


26. Debidi roshan V., Barzegarzadeh H., 2011. The effect of obesity and activity intensity on serum adiponectin response and some biochemical indices in young women . Journal: Sports Biology (Movement). 2(54),.


27. Montazari Taleghani H., Soori R., Rezaeian N., Khosravi N., 2010. Changes of plasma leptin and adiponectin in response to combined endurance-resistance training in inactive postmenopausal women. Semnan University of Medical Sciences Journal., 13(2), 269-277.


28. Abdi M., Marefati H., Moazen Zadeh M., 2012. The effect of cardiac rehabilitation on the serum level of adiponectin hormone and plasma lipoproteins in men with coronary artery stenosis. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences., 19(4), 317-325.


29. Nguyen N.T., Magno C.P., Lane K.T., Hinojosa M.W., Lane J.S., 2012. Association of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and metabolic syndrome with obesity: findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2004. Journal of the American College of Surgeons. 1, 207(6),928-34.


30. Ashawesh K., Aghilla M., Randeva H., 2012. Exercise increases plasma adiponectin and bound leptin, and decreases Plasma free leptin in Overweight Young Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. InEndocrine Abstracts. 1, 28.


31. Abbenhardt C., McTiernan A., Alfano C.M., Wener M.H., Campbell K.L., Duggan C., Foster‐Schubert K.E., Kong A., Toriola A.T., Potter J.D., Mason C., 2013. Effects of individual and combined dietary weight loss and exercise interventions in postmenopausal women on adiponectin and leptin levels. Journal of Internal Medicine. 274(2) 163-75.