Effects of SO₂, Ozone, and Ambient Air Pollution on Iron, TIBC, and Hematological Parameters in a Rat Model

Subject Areas : Journal of Chemical Health Risks

Hossein Mashhadi-Abdolahi ¹ , Saba Navandi ² , Sorayya Kheirouri ³ , Mohammad Alizadeh ⁴ , Behnaz Barzegarzadeh ⁵ , Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr ⁶ , Mehran Mesgari Abbasi ⁷

1 - Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz, Iran
2 - Faculty of Civil, Water, and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
4 - Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
5 - Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
6 - Research Center for Evidence-based- medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
7 - Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

Received: 2023-02-08 Accepted : 2024-01-17 Published : 2024-08-20

Keywords: air pollution, Ozone, Rats, Hematology, Sulfur dioxide,

Abstract :

With urbanization and industrialization, air pollution is one of the known health hazards and a severe problem in human societies. This study assessed the relationship of SO₂, O₃, and ambient air pollution on hematologic factors, serum iron, and TIBC in a rat model. A total of 32 male Wistar rats were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into the four study groups (n = 8 in each) as follows: The control, SO₂ group exposed to 10 ppm, ozone group (O₃) exposed to 0.6 ± 0.1 ppm, and ambient air pollution (AAP) group for five weeks (3 h/day). One-way analysis of variance was used to With urbanization and industrialization, air pollution is one of the known health hazards and a severe problem in human societies. This study assessed the relationship of SO₂, O₃, and ambient air pollution on hematologic factors, serum iron, and TIBC in a rat model. A total of 32 male Wistar rats were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into the four study groups (n = 8 in each) as follows: The control, SO₂ group exposed to 10 ppm, ozone group (O₃) exposed to 0.6 ± 0.1 ppm, and ambient air pollution (AAP) group for five weeks (3 h day-1). One-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) was used to compare parameters. Significant changes in RBC (P=0.026), hemoglobin concentration (P=0.029), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) (P=0.011), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) (P<0.001), monocytes (P=0.002), and basophils (P=0.022) were observed between control and AAP groups. The other parameters showed an insignificant difference for these two groups' comparison. In the of leucocytes’ differential counts, only basophils and monocytes were statistically high in the AAP group compared to the control group (P=0.002 and P=0.022, respectively). In terms of serum iron, the differences between the control and SO₂ groups (P =0.008), or between the groups of O₃ and APP (p=0.028) were statistically significant. The observed hematological and biochemical changes indicated the toxic effects of ambient air particles. Further epidemiological studies are necessary to investigate the impact of other air pollutants like NO₂, NO, and CO on hematological and biochemical parameters.

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