اثر کاربرد کود ورمی‎کمپوست بر صفات فیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ‎های کلزا (Brassica napus L.) در دو تاریخ کاشت

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

الناز صمدزاده قلعه جوقی ¹ (دانشجوی دکتری تخصصی، گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
اسلام مجیدی هروان ² (استاد گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)
امیرحسین شیرانی راد ³ (استاد مؤسسه تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، سازمان تحقیقات،آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی کرج، ایران.)
قربان نورمحمدی ⁴ (استاد گروه علوم زراعی و باغی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.)

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/01/18 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/06/07 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/06/01

کلید واژه: تاریخ کاشت, اسیدهای چرب, درصد روغن دانه, عمکلرد دانه, ژنوتیپ‎, ورمی‎کمپوست,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسی اثر کاربرد کود ورمی‎کمپوست بر صفات فیزیولوژیک ژنوتیپ‎های کلزا در تاریخ کاشت‎های مختلف، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی مؤسسه اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر کرج انجام گردید. در این آزمایش فاکتور تاریخ کاشت در دو سطح شامل: تاریخ کاشت بهینه منطقه: 25 مهرماه و تاریخ کاشت تأخیری: 5 آبان ماه و کود ورمی‎کمپوست در دو سطح شامل: عدم کاربرد کود (شاهد) و کاربرد کود (20 تن در هکتار) به صورت فاکتوریل در کرت‎های اصلی و ژنوتیپ‎های کلزا شامل: BAL104، DIE710.08، BAL102،FJL330 ،FJL290 و Okapi در کرت‎های فرعی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد، که صفات عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد، درصد روغن دانه و ترکیب اسیدهای چرب در ژنوتیپ‎های مختلف متأثر از تاریخ‎های‎ مختلف کاشت بوده است. بیشترین عملکرد دانه (5853 و 5762 کیلوگرم در هکتار)، درصد روغن دانه (98/43 و 85/43 درصد)، اولئیک اسید (23/65 و 93/64 درصد) و لینولئیک اسید (51/20 و 37/20 درصد) در تاریخ کاشت بهینه و لاین‎های FJL290 و BAL102 به دست آمد که نشان دهنده پتانسیل بالای عملکرد این لاین‎ها در این تاریخ کاشت بود. همچنین، کاربرد تیمار کودی ورمی‎کمپوست باعث افزایش کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه گردید. نتایج نشان داد که لاین‎های FJL290 و BAL102 در تاریخ کاشت بهینه (25 مهرماه) همراه با به کارگیری کود ورمی‎کمپوست می‎توانند با حداکثر رشد، مطلوب‎ترین عملکرد دانه و روغن را در اقلیم مورد مطالعه تولید نمایند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To investigate the effect of vermicompost fertilizer application on physiological characteristics of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) genotypes in different sowing dates, an experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design arranged in factorial split plot with three replicates. The factorial combination of two sowing dates 17 and 27 October, considered as optimum and late sowing dates, respectively and two vermicompost rates, 0 and 20 t.ha-1 were allocated to the main plots and six canola genotypes (BAL104, DIE710.08, BAL102, FJL290, FJL330, Okapi) were randomized in sub-plots. The results indicated that seed yield, yield components, seed oil percentage and fatty acid compositions increased in all genotypes by different sowing dates. The highest seed yield (5853 and 5762 kg.ha-1), seed oil percentage (43.98 and 43.85%), oleic acid (65.23 and 64.93%) and linoleic acid (20.51 and 20.37%) were produced at optimum sowing date by FJL290 and BAL102 lines, which represent a high potential of this genotypes under this sowing date. In addition, application of vermicompost increased all traits under study. The result olso indicated that FJL290 and BAL102 lines can produce the highest seed and oil yields in the region, if the seeds were sown at 17 October 17th and application of 20 t.ha-1 of vermicompost.

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