ارزیابی کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی، شیمیایی فسفره و ریزمغذی بر عملکرد دانه و پروتئین جو (Hordeum vulgare L.)

محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی

منا یوسفی پور ¹ (دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران)
شهرام لک ² (استاد گروه زراعت، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران)
خوشناز پاینده ³ (استادیار گروه خاک‌شناسی، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/07/27 تاریخ پذیرش : 1398/01/31 تاریخ انتشار : 1398/02/01

کلید واژه: پروتئین, عملکرد دانه, طول سنبله, محلول‎پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی,

چکیده مقاله :

امروزه در کشاورزی پایدار علاوه بر کمیت تولید به کیفیت، ثبات و پایداری در تولید محصول نیز توجه خاص می‎شود. این تحقیق بر اساس آزمایش کرت خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 96-95 در منطقه رامهرمز اجرا گردید. سطوح کودهای زیستی و شیمیایی فسفر در چهار سطح (عدم کاربرد کود فسفر، کود زیستی فسفر، کود زیستی فسفر+150 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود سوپرفسفات‎تریپل و 200 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود سوپرفسفات‎تریپل) به عنوان کرت‎های اصلی و محلول‎پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی (روی، آهن و منگنز) در سه سطح (عدم محلول‎پاشی، محلول‎پاشی دو در هزار، محلول‎پاشی چهار در هزار) به عنوان کرت‎های فرعی در نظر گرفته شدند. نتایج نشان داد اثر متقابل کود شیمیایی و زیستی×محلول‎پاشی عناصر ریزمغذی بر عملکرد دانه، اجزای عملکرد، ارتفاع بوته، طول سنبله، درصد و عملکرد پروتئین معنی‎دار بود. مقایسه میانگین ها نشان داد که تیمار کود زیستی فسفر+150کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات‎تریپل حداکثر تعداد سنبله در مترمربع، تعداد دانه در سنبله، وزن هزار دانه، شاخص برداشت، درصد پروتئین، عملکرد پروتئین، ارتفاع بوته و طول سنبله را به خود اختصاص داد. بیشترین عملکرد دانه از تیمار کود زیستی فسفر + 150 کیلوگرم در هکتار کودسوپرفسفات‎تریپل و محلول‎پاشی عناصر میکرو در غلظت چهار در هزار و کمترین مقدار از تیمار شاهد (عدم‎کاربرد کود) به دست آمد. در مجموع، جهت کاهش مصرف کودهای شیمیایی و هزینه تولید، تیمار کود زیستی فسفر + 150 کیلوگرم سوپرفسفات تریپل به همراه محلول‎پاشی عناصر کم مصرف با غلظت چهار در هزار می تواند در شرایط منطقه تحت آزمایش مورد توجه باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Now-a-days, in addition to the quantity of production its quality, stability and sustainability are taken into account. This research was conducted in a split plot experiment based on randomized complete block design with three replications at Ramhormoz region in 2016-2017. The main treatments consisted of phosphorus fertilizers and bio-fertilizers with four levels (without using phosphorus fertilizer as control, bio-fertilizer, phosphorus bio-fertilizer + 150 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer and 200 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer) and foliar application of micro-nutrients (zinc, iron and manganese) with three levels (without application of micro-nutrients as control, spraying of micro-nutrients with 0.002 and 0.004 concentrations) assigned to sub plots. The analysis of variance of data showed that the combined effect of chemical and biological phosphorus fertilizer and foliar application of micronutrient on seed yield, its components, protein yield and its percentage, plant height and spike length were significant. Mean comparisons indicated that phosphorus bio-fertilizer + 150 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer produced highest number of spike per m2, seeds per spike, 1000-seed weight, harvest index, protein percentage, protein yield, plant height and spike length. The highest seed yield belonged to phosphorus bio-fertilizer + 150 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer and foliar application of micro-nutrients with 0.004 concentration and the lowest to the control treatment. Generally, to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers, cost of production and the prevention of soil contamination use of phosphorus bio-fertilizer +150 kg.ha-1 superphosphate fertilizer and spraying micronutrients with 0.004 concentration can be recommended to the farmers of the region.

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