تغییرات برخی از صفات بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیک جو در پاسخ به کاربرد بیوچار و متیل جاسمونات در شرایط تنش خشکی
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی
سجاد نصیری
1
(دانش¬آموخته دکتری، گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزي، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ايران)
بابک عندلیبی
2
(دانشیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزي، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ايران)
افشین توکلی
3
(دانشیار گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزي، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ايران)
محمدامیر دلاور
4
(استاد گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزي، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ايران)
کلید واژه: تعرق, تنش خشکی, فتوسنتز, کربوهیدرات محلول, محتوای نسبی آب,
چکیده مقاله :
این آزمایش به منظور بررسی اثرات استفاده از سطوح مختلف بیوچار معدنی و محلول پاشی متیل جاسمونات بر برخی خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی جو بهاره تحت شدت های مختلف تنش خشکی به صورت گلخانه ای انجام شد. در این آزمایش سطوح تنش، شامل آبیاری کامل (شاهد)، تنش ملایم (60 درصد ظرفیت زراعی) و تنش شدید (30 درصد ظرفیت زراعی)، سطوح بیوچار شامل صفر (شاهد)، 1/5 درصد وزن خاک و 3 درصد وزن خاک و سطوح محلول پاشی متیل جاسمونات شامل صفر (شاهد)، 75 و 150 میکرومول بر لیتر بود. تنش خشکی هم در سطح ملایم و هم در سطح شدید باعث اختلاف معنی دار در صفات مورد مطالعه شد. اعمال تنش خشکی باعث کاهش سرعت فتوسنتز، هدایت روزنه ای، کارایی مصرف آب فتوسنتزی، شاخص سبزینگی و همچنین افزایش غلظت مالون دی آلدئید، پرولین و کربوهیدرات محلول شد اما استفاده از سطوح مختلف بیوچار در خاک و همچنین محلول پاشی متیل جاسمونات باعث بهبود این شاخص ها و صفات شدند. همچنین، استفاده از سطوح بالاتر این مواد، در بعضی از صفات و شاخص ها، اثرات مثبت قابل توجهی ایجاد نکرد. به نظر می رسد که استفاده از این مواد ضد تنش، روشی مطلوب در جهت مقابله با تنش کمبود آب باشد اما استفاده از سطوح بالاتر از مطلوب باعث ایجاد اثرات منفی خواهد شد.
This experiment was conducted in order to investigation the effects of using different quantities of mineral biochar and spraying of methyl Jasmonate on some of the physiological and biochemical characteristics of spring barley under moderate and severe levels of drought stress at the experimental greenhouse of the university of Zanjan as a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design in pots in five replications in 2019-2020. In this experiment levels of stress included in three levels of drought stress (100% FC as the none stressed, 60% FC as the mild stress and 30% FC as the severe stress), biochar application before cultivation in three levels (without biochar, 1.5 % and 3% of the soil weight) and foliar spraying of methyl Jasmonate in three levels (0, 75 and 150 μmol per liter). Results showed that drought both in moderate and in severe levels caused significant difference in studied factors. Drought led to reduction in photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic water use efficiency, SPAD index as well as increasing in concentration of MDA, proline and soluble carbohydrate but using different levels of biochar in soil and spraying Methyl Jasmonate caused enhancement in these characteristics. Although using higher levels of these materials didn’t have considerable positive effects on studied factors. Moreover, application of higher levels of these materials, did not make considerable positive effects in some attributes and indexes. It seems that using these anti-stress substances, can be a stimulating approach against lack of water, however, utilization of higher levels can be more disastrous for crop plants.
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