اثر رژیم¬های آبياري و مقادير اسيد هيوميک بر ویژگی های کمّی و کیفی بادام زميني (Arachis hypogaea L)
محورهای موضوعی : اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعیسعید مهدوی 1 , Naser Mohammadian Roshan 2 * , مجید عاشوری 3 , ابراهیم امیری 4 , حمیدرضا درودیان 5
1 - دانشجوی دکتری مهندسی کشاورزی- زراعت، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران
3 - استادیارگروه زراعت، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، لاهیجان، ایران
4 - استاد گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لاهیجان
5 - استادیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد لاهیجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، لاهیجان، ایران.
کلید واژه: بادام زمینی. پروتئین دانه. عملکرد. نیاز آبی,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی اثر رژیم های آبياري و مقادير اسيد هيوميک بر ویژگی های کمّی و کیفی بادام زميني، آزمايشی در مزرعه یکی از بادام کاران شهرستان آستانه اشرفیه استان گیلان به صورت یک بار خرد شده در قالب طرح پایه بلوک کامل تصادفي با سه تکرار در سال¬های زراعی 1397 و 1398 انجام گرفت. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل رژیم آبیاری (ديم و نياز آبي 60، 80 و 100 درصد) به عنوان عامل اول (اصلی) و مقادير اسيد هيوميک (بدون کود، 3، 6 و 9 ليتر در هکتار) به عنوان عامل دوم (فرعی) بودند. نتايج پژوهش نشان داد که اثر متقابل آبياري و اسيد هيوميک بر عملکرد بيولوژيک و عملکرد غلاف و دانه معني دار بود. بيشترين عملکرد دانه در تيمار آبياري 100 و 80 درصد نياز آبي و با مصرف اسيد هيوميک 9 ليتر در هکتار به ترتيب با ميانگين 2562 و 2526 کيلوگرم در هکتار به دست آمد. عملکرد بيولوژيک در شرایط 80 و 100 درصد نياز آبی به ترتيب در 6714 و 6772 کيلوگرم در هکتار بود. بيشترين عملکرد بيولوژيک در مقادير مختلف اسيد هيوميک در تيمارهاي 9 ليتر در هکتار به مقدار 7436 کيلوگرم در هکتار مشاهده شد. عملکرد غلاف در تيمار 80 و 100 درصد نياز آبي به ترتيب در 2427 و 2435 کيلوگرم در هکتار بود. کمترين و بيشترين عملکرد غلاف در مقادير مختلف اسيدهيوميک به ترتيب در تيمارهاي بدون کود و 9 ليتر در هکتار با میانگین 1453 و 2706 کيلوگرم در هکتار بودند. تيمار 80 درصد نياز آبي گياه و مقدار اسید هیومیک مصرفی 9 لیتر در هکتار با ميانگين 745/5 کيلوگرم در هکتار، نسبت به سایر تيمارها، داراي بيشترين میزان بود. با توجه به نتایج پژوهش می توان مقدار مصرف 9 لیتر اسیدهیومیک در هکتار را با تأمین 80 درصد نیاز آبی به عنوان شرایط مناسب برای منطقه مورد مطالعه پیشنهاد نمود.
In order to investigate the effect of irrigation regimes and amounts of humic acid on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of peanuts, an experiment was conducted a split in a randomized complete block design. It was performed with three replications in the cropping years of 2018 and 2019 in Astana-Ashrafieh city of Guilan province. Experimental treatments included irrigation regime (rainfed and water requirement of 60, 80 and 100%) as the first factor and humic acid (without fertilizer, 3, 6 and 9 L.ha-1) as the second (secondary) factor. The results showed that the interaction of irrigation and humic acid on biological yield and pod and grain yield was significant. The highest grain yield was obtained in the irrigation treatment of 100 and 80% of water requirement and with the use of humic acid 9 L.ha-1 with an average of 2562 and 2526 kg.ha-1, respectively. Biological yield under 80 and 100% water requirement was 6714 and 6772 kg.ha-1, respectively. The highest biological yield was observed in different amounts of humic acid in treatments of 9 L.ha-1 at the amount of 7436 kg.ha-1. Pod yield in the treatment of 80 and 100% of water requirement were 2427 and 2435 kg.ha-1, respectively. The lowest and highest pod yields in different amounts of humic acid were in the treatments without fertilizer and 9 L.ha-1 with an average of 1453 and 2706 kg.ha-1, respectively. Treatment of 80% of plant water requirement and the amount of humic acid consumed at 9 L.ha-1 with an average of 745.5 kg.ha-1, had the highest rate compared to other treatments. According to the research results, the use of humic acid 9 L.ha-1 can be suggested by providing 80% of water requirement as suitable conditions for the study area.
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