برنامه ریزی تقاضا و توسعه شبکه انتقال در بازار ظرفیت با استفاده از ریز شبکه ها
محورهای موضوعی : مهندسی الکترونیک
محمد خادم
1
(دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران)
مجتبی نجفی
2
(دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی بوشهر، بوشهر، ایران)
کلید واژه: توسعه شبکه انتقال, بازار ظرفیت, ریز شبکه,
چکیده مقاله :
توسعه شبکه انتقال یکی از مهم‌ترین بخش‌های سیستم قدرت محسوب می‌شود که وظیفه آن تعیین پیکربندی بهینه برای شبکه بر اساس تقاضای بار در افق برنامه‌ریزی است. گسترش خطوط انتقال همواره مقرون به‌صرفه نیست و نیاز است تا راه‌حل‌های دیگر نیز مورد توجه قرار گیرند و به همین دلیل با رشد تقاضا و کمبود منابع انرژی و سرمایه‌گذاری برای گسترش سیستم قدرت، برنامه‌ریزی پاسخگویی بار مورد توجه ویژه‌ای قرار گرفت. در این مقاله نقش ریزشبکه‌ها به عنوان یک راه‌حل جایگزین برای توسعه شبکه انتقال مورد بررسی قرار می گیرد و یک روش پیشنهادی به منظور مدل‌سازی ریزشبکه در بازار ظرفیت به عنوان یک راه‌حل برای مشکل برنامه‌ریزی توسعه شبکه انتقال ارائه می گردد. نتایج نشان می دهد که اضافه شدن ریزشبکه موجب کاهش قابل توجه در هزینه توسعه شبکه انتقال می‌شود. علاوه بر این، اضافه شدن ریزشبکه موجب افزایش جزئی در سود فروش ظرفیت به مصرف‌کنندگان می‌شود. این نتایج اثبات می‌کند که با ادامه رشد تعداد و ظرفیت ریزشبکه‌های هر ناحیه، می‌توان در نهایت از توسعه شبکه انتقال بی نیاز شده و هزینه بازار ظرفیت را به صفر رساند.
Transmission network development is one of the most important parts of the power system that determines the optimal configuration for the network based on load demand. Expansion of transmission lines is not always cost effective; For this reason, with the growth of demand and shortage of energy resources, Planning of Demand Response has received special attention. In this paper, the role of microgrids as an alternative solution for transmission network development is investigated and a proposed method for modeling microgrids in the capacity market is presented as a solution to the transmission network development planning problem. The results show that the addition of microgrids causes reduction in transmission network development costs. In addition, the addition of microgrids causes a slight increase in the profitability of selling capacity to consumers. These results prove that by continuing to grow the number and capacity of microgrids in each area, it is possible to ultimately eliminate the need for transmission network development and reduce the market cost of capacity to zero.
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[25] A. Algarni, and K. Bhattacharya, (2009). “Disco operation considering DG units and their goodness factors”. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 24, no.4, pp.1831-1840, 2009.
[26] B. Vatani, B Chowdhury, and , J. Lin , “The role of demand response as an alternative transmission expansion solution in a capacity market”. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. vol.63, pp. 365-371,2017.
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[28] PIM. [online]. Available: http://pjm.com, 2017.
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_||_[1] L. Garver, “ Transmission network estimation using linear programming”. in IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.7, pp. 1688-1697, 1970.
[2] M. BiazarGhadikolaei, M. Shahabi, and, T. Barforoushi, “Expansion planning of energy storages in microgrid under uncertainties and demand response”, in International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, vol. 29, no.11, pp. 112-120, 2019.
[3] F. Varasteh, , M. S. Nazar, A. Heidari, “Distributed energy resource and network expansion planning of a CCHP based active microgrid considering demand response programs”, Energy, vol.172, pp.79-105, 2019.
[4] M. Rahmani, M. Rashidinejad, , E. Carreno , “Efficient method for AC transmission network expansion planning”, Electric Power Systems Research, vol.80, no.9, pp.1056-1064, 2010.
[5] N. Alguacil, , A. L. Motto, “Transmission expansion planning: A mixed-integer LP approach”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol.18, no.3, pp. 1070-1077, 2003.
[6] R. D. Cruz Rodriguez, and G. Latorre Bayona, “A new model for transmission expansion planning in a deregulated environment,” Presented at V Seminario Internacional Sobre Analisis Y Mercados Energeticos, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogota, Colombia, 2001, pp. 217-220.
[7], J. A. Aguado, , S. De La Torre, “Market-driven dynamic transmission expansion planning”, Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 82, no.1, pp.88-94, 2012..
[8] S. De La Torre, Conejo, A. J. Contreras, “Transmission expansion planning in electricity markets”, IEEE transactions on power systems, vol. 23, no.1, pp. 238-248, 2008.
[9] D. Pozo, E. Sauma , “A three-level static MILP model for generation and transmission expansion planning”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 28, no.1, pp.202-210, 2013.
[10] A. Khodaei, , M. Shahidehpour, “Coordination of short-term operation constraints in multi-area expansion planning”. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol.27, no.4, pp.2242-2250, 2012.
[11] A. N. Zucarato, E. L. Da Silva, “Simulation model to assess the performance of a forward capacity market for hydro-based systems”, IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, vol., no.611, pp.1086-1095, 2012.
[12] J. Lin, B. Vatani (2017, June). “Impact of capacity market design on power system decarbonization”. In European Energy Market (EEM) International Conference IEEE, June 2017, pp. 1-6.
[13]D. Hach, C. K. Chyong, and , S. Spinler “Capacity market design options: a dynamic capacity investment model and a GB case study”. European Journal of Operational Research, vol.249, no.2, pp. 691-705, 2016.
[14] V. Krishnan, et al. “Co-optimization of electricity transmission and generation resources for planning and policy analysis: review of concepts and modeling approaches”, Energy Systems, vol. 7, no.2 ,pp. 297-332, 2016.
[15] M. Fathi, and , H. Bevrani, . “Adaptive energy consumption scheduling for connected microgrids under demand uncertainty”. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol.28, no.3, pp.1576-1583, 2013.
[16], H. Nunna K., Doolla, “Demand response in smart distribution system with multiple microgrids”, IEEE transactions on smart grid, vol.3, no.4, pp.1641-1649, 2012.
[17], T. Lv, and Y. Zhao, “A bi-level multi-objective optimal operation of grid-connected microgrids”. Electric Power Systems Research, vol.131, pp.60-70, 2016.
[18] D. Hurley, , P. Peterson, and, M. Whited, “Demand response as a power system resource”. Synapse Energy Economics Inc, 2013.
[19] P. Palensky, and D. Dietrich, “Demand side management: Demand response, intelligent energy systems, and smart loads”, IEEE transactions on industrial informatics, vol.7, no.3, pp.381-388, 2011.
[20], P. J. Interconnection, Retail Electricity Consumer Opportunities for Demand Response in PJM’s Wholesale Markets. 2011.
[21], M. H. Albadi, and, E. F. El-Saadany, “A summary of demand response in electricity markets”, Electric power systems research, vol.78, no.11, pp.1989-1996, 2008.
[22] Y. Xiao, Q. Su, B. C. Chiu, J. Bastian, and A. Engle (2012, July). “Demand resource modeling in PJM capacity market” in IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2012 ,pp. 1-7.
[23] Y. Xiao, Y. Lee Y., F. S. Bresler, , J. Bastian, and, A. Engle (2013, July). “Integration of Demand Resource into PJM capacity market incremental auction”, in IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PES), 2013 ,pp. 1-5.
[24], H. Li, and, Z. Li , “A multiperiod energy acquisition model for a distribution company with distributed generation and interruptible load”, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol.22, no.2, pp. 588-596, 2007.
[25] A. Algarni, and K. Bhattacharya, (2009). “Disco operation considering DG units and their goodness factors”. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 24, no.4, pp.1831-1840, 2009.
[26] B. Vatani, B Chowdhury, and , J. Lin , “The role of demand response as an alternative transmission expansion solution in a capacity market”. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications. vol.63, pp. 365-371,2017.
[27] Price Responsive Demand, PIM. [online]. Available: https: \ www.pjm.com/~/medial about-pjm/newsroom/fact-sheets/price responsive-demand.ashx,2017
[28] PIM. [online]. Available: http://pjm.com, 2017.
[29] PIM Manual 18: PIM Capacity Market. [Online]. Available: http://www.pjm.coml~/medialdocuments/manuals/mI8.ashx, 2017
[30] N. Rosenthal, "GAMS: A users guide," GAMS development corporation: Washington, DC, Ian, 2017