بررسی خواص بیولوژیک پسته Pistacia vera به عنوان محبوب‌ترین آجیل غذایی
محورهای موضوعی : علوم و صنایع غذایی
شهاب اوجانی
1
(گروه شیمی، واحد رفسنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رفسنجان، ایران.)
مژگان مسعودی
2
(گروه شیمی، واحد رفسنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رفسنجان، ایران.)
کلید واژه: آنتی‌اکسیدان, ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی, رادیکال‌های آزاد, Pistacia vera.,
چکیده مقاله :
از زمان کشف این که رادیکال‌های آزاد نقش مهمی را در ایجاد بیماری‌هایی مانند سرطان، دیابت، آلزایمر، بیماری های قلبی - عروقی و غیره ایفا می‌کنند، استفاده از آنتی‌اکسیدان‌های طبیعی در زنجیره غذایی برای داشتن یک سبک زندگی سال بسیار تاکید شده است. در این میان، پسته یکی از محبوب‌ترین آجیل‌های غذایی در جهان می باشد که حاوی ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی غنی با خواص آنتی‌اکسیدانی است. پسته بو داده ایرانی و آمریکایی به دلیل داشتن شکل مناسب و با وجود طعم دلپذیر و منحصر به فرد، به عنوان گزینه ای مناسب برای دسرهای مختلف (حلوا، کیک، بستنی و غیره) استفاده می شوند و در کنار داشتن خواص بی نظیر مورد استقبال مصرف‌کنندگان قرار می‌گیرد که تاثیر بسزایی بر سلامت انسان به ویژه بر سیستم قلبی - عروقی دارد. طبق تحقیقات انجام شده پروتئین میوه‌های خشک مانند پسته حاوی اسیدآمینه آرژنین است که پیش ساز نیتریک اکسید می باشد و نیتریک اکسید نیز مسئول تنظیم فشار خون و جلوگیری از انسداد رگ‌های خونی است. ترکیبات فیتوشیمیایی پسته شامل فنولیک اسیدها، فلاونوئیدها، تانن‌ها، کومارین‌ها، لیگنان‌ها، کینون‌ها، آنتوسیانین و غیره است و به دلیل وجود این ترکیبات زیست فعال اثرات سمیت سلولی قابل ملاحظه ای را در برابر سلول های سرطان روده بزرگ HT29 ، سلول های سرطان پستان T47D، سلول های سرطان HepG2 و غیره از خود نشان می دهد. از این رو، در پژوهش حاضر به بررسی خواص بیولوژیک پسته Pistacia vera به عنوان محبوب‌ترین آجیل غذایی پرداخته می شود.
Today, there is a lot of emphasis placed on the use of natural antioxidants in the food chain to have a healthy lifestyle due to the discovery that free radicals play an important role in causing diseases such as cancer, diabetes, Alzheimer's, cardiovascular diseases, etc. Meanwhile, Pistacia vera is considered as one of the most popular food nuts in the world, which contains rich phytochemical compounds with antioxidant properties. Iranian and American roasted Pistacia vera are used as a suitable flavoring for various desserts (halva, cake, ice cream, etc.) and it is welcomed by consumers, besides having unique properties that have a significant impact on human health, especially on the cardiovascular system. According to the results of the research, the protein of dried fruits like Pistacia vera contains amino acid arginine, which is a precursor of nitric oxide, and nitric oxide is also responsible for regulating blood pressure and preventing blockage of blood vessels. Phytochemical compounds of Pistacia vera include phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, lignans, quinones, anthocyanins, etc., and due to the presence of these bioactive compounds, they have significant cytotoxic effects against HT29 colon cancer cells, T47D breast cancer cells, HepG2 cancer cells, etc. Therefore, this study examines the biological properties of Pistacia vera as the most popular nut.
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