مروری بر غشاهای نانوصافش بستر مختلط برپایه پلی سولفون و پلی اترسولفون/ نانوذرات کربنی
محورهای موضوعی : شیمی تجزیه
نادر غلامی
1
(دکترای شیمی در دانشکده شیمی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
حسین مهدوی
2
(استاد دانشکده شیمی، پردیس علوم، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران)
کلید واژه: پلی سولفون, نانوصافش, گرفتگی, غشا بستر مختلط, آب دوستی, آب گریزی, پلی اترسولفون,
چکیده مقاله :
باوجودآنکه فناوری غشایی نسبت به روش های متداول جداسازی، دارای مزایایی مانند توانایی حذف بالا، انعطاف پذیری عملیات، اثربخشی بهتر در جداسازی است، ولی گرفتگی محدودیت اصلی در بهکارگیری بیشتر فناوری غشایی است که دلیل اصلی آن آب گریزی ذاتی مواد سازنده غشا است. برای غلبه بر این اشکال از غشاهای نانوچندسازه استفاده می شود. در بین فرایندهای غشایی، نانوصافش (NF) کاربردهایی در تصفیه انواع آبهای زیرزمینی و سطحی، تصفیه پساب و پیش عملیات نمک زدایی دارد. از آنجا که فرایند NF در فشار پایین تری انجام می شود، از دید مصرف انرژی فرایندی بسیار با صرفه تر است. در این مقاله مروری، اصلاح غشاهای پلی سولفون/پلی اترسولفون در رابطه با عملکرد ضدگرفتگی و سازوکار کاهش گرفتگی برپایه روشهای متفاوت اصلاح غشا بررسی شده است. این بررسی نشان میدهد که آبدوستی در سطح غشا پلیسولفون/پلی اترسولفون بهبود می یابد. همچنین، مطالعهای جامع در باره ساخت غشاهای نانوچندسازه ای بهدست آمده از بهکارگیری نانوذرات در غشا بسپاری بستر مختلط، ویژگی و کاربرد آن ها با پرکننده های آلی (مانند گرافن و نانولوله کربنی) انجام شده است. روش های شناسایی بهکارگرفتهشده برای غشاهای اصلاح شده نیز موردبررسی قرارگرفته است.
Although the membrane technology has advantages such as the high capability of separation, flexibility of operation, efficiency, etc. compared to conventional methods, fouling is the main limitation for the further use of membrane technology, mainly because of the inherent hydrophobicity of membrane materials. To overcome this drawback, nanocomposite membranes are used. Among membrane processes, nanofiltration has applications in groundwater, surface water and wastewater treatment as well as pre-desalination operations. Since NF process is performed at a lower pressure, it is a much more energy efficient process. In this review, modification of polysulfone/polyatersulfone membranes is investigated with regards to anti-fouling performance. The mechanism of fouling reduction clearly shows that surface hydrophilicity improves at the polysulfone/polyatersulfone membranes, based on different membrane modification methods. In addition, the fabrication of nanocomposite membranes resulting from the participation of nanoparticles in the polymeric matrix mixed membrane, their properties and applications using organic fillers (such as graphene and carbon nanotubes) have been thoroughly studied.Furthermore, the characterization techniques applied for modified membranes have been discussed.This comprehensive study concludes with some recommendations for future research and development of NF membranes.
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[2] Lee, A.; Elam, J.W.; Darling, S.B.; Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol 2(1), 17-42, 2016.
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[5] Wang, B.; Liang, W.; Guo, Z.; Liu, W.; Chem. Soc. Rev. 44, 336-361, 2015.
[6] Shi, Q.; Su, Y.L.; Jian, Z.Y.; J. Membr. Sci. 319, 271-278, 2008.
[7] Mohammad, A.W.; Teow, Y.H.; Ang, W.L.; Chung, Y.T.; Oatley-Radcliffe, D.L.; Hilal, N.; Desalination 356, 226-254, 2015.
[8] Peydayesh, M.; Mohammadi, T.; Bakhtiari, O.; Sep. Purif. Technol. 194, 488-502, 2018.
[9] Soyekwo, F.; Zhang, Q.G.; Deng, C.; Gong, Y.; Zhu, A.M.; Liu, Q.L.; J. Membr. Sci. 454, 339-345, 2014.
[10] Rakhshan, N.; Pakizeh, M.; Korean J. Chem. Eng. 32, 2524-2533, 2015.
[11] Moochani, M.; Moghadassi, A.; Hosseini, S.M.; Bagheripour, E.; Parvizian, F.; Korean J. Chem. Eng. 33(9), 2674-2683, 2016.
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