Synthesis of primary amines via alkylation of ammonia with alcohols using the magnetic nano-catalyst NCM@EDTA/Cu(II)
Subject Areas :
Keywords: Amination, Magnetic nanocatalyst, Core-shell nanoparticle, Ammonia, Heterogeneous catalyst.,
Abstract :
This article introduces the utilization of Fe3O4@SiO2@CS@EDTA/Cu(II) (NCM@ EDTA/Cu(II) core-shell nanoparticles as a magnetically assisted catalyst. These nanoparticles effectively transform various aliphatic and aromatic alcohols, featuring both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups, into primary amine derivatives using ammonia in an eco-friendly manner. The research focused on optimizing reaction conditions, encompassing variables such as temperature, reaction time, and catalyst quantity, to establish the most favorable parameters. Optimal results were achieved employing 0.3 mmol of catalyst per 1 mmol of alcohol derivatives under reflux conditions for 1 hour. The reaction mechanism involves alcohol conversion to a carbonyl compound, subsequent imine formation between the amine and carbonyl, followed by imine reduction. Findings suggest that benzylic alcohol especially with electron-donating groups enhance the reaction rate, whereas electron-withdrawing groups, such as nitro, diminish overall yield. Moreover, the reaction demonstrates notable efficiency, bolstered by the easy catalyst retrieval via an external magnetic field, its stability, and reusability, which collectively underscore its significance in both organic chemistry and industrial settings. Keywords: Amination, Magnetic nanocatalyst, Core-shell nanoparticle, Ammonia, Heterogeneous catalyst.