تاثیر تنش کم آبی بر صفات فیزیولوژیکی، بیوشیمیایی و خصوصیات آنتیاکسیدانی ارقام و لاینهای گندم
محورهای موضوعی : آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی
علی شعبانزاده
1
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اسمعیل نبی زاده
2
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سامان یزدان ستا
3
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آیدا حسین زاده ماهوتچی
4
1 - گروه آگروتکنولوژی ، واحد مهاباد ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،مهاباد، ایران
2 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح‌نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، مهاباد، ایران.
3 - گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد مهاباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی. مهاباد . ایران
4 - موسسه آمززش عالی ربع رشید ، تبریز، ایران
کلید واژه: کم آبی, گندم, آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدان, مواد مغذی, عملکرد دانه,
چکیده مقاله :
آزمایشی به منظور تاثیر تنش کم آبی بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی، بیوشیمیایی و آنتیاکسیدانی لاینهای گندم به صورت طرح کرتهای خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوکهای کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار طی دو سال زراعی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم‌آبی پس از مرحله سنبلهدهی لاینهای گندم اثرات قابل‌توجهی بر صفات مورد بررسی داشت و اختلافات ژنتیکی بین لاینها از نظر صفات مورد بررسی به جز محتوای کاروتنوئید و کربوهیدرات محلول وجود داشت. تنش کم آبی منجر به کاهش معنیدار عملکرد دانه(8/24%) شد و در بین لاینهای مورد بررسی لاین شماره 5 بالاترین عملکرد دانه را به خود اختصاص داد. لاینهای 2، 5 و 8 بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل a و b را در شرایط تنش نشان دادند. افزایش تجمع مالون دیآلدهید و پروتئین کل در برگهای لاینهای گندم طی تنش کم آبی مشاهده شد که همراه با افزایش فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدان سوپراکسید دیسموتاز ، پراکسیداز و کاتالاز بود و بیشترین فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتیاکسیدان در لاین 9 مشاهده گردید. همچنین جذب عناصر پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم نیز توسط لاینهای گندم در شرایط کم آبی کاهش یافت و در بین لاینهای گندم از نظر مقدار جذب این عناصر در شرایط تنش تفاوت وجود داشت. به طور کلی کاهش میزان کلروفیل و جذب عناصر غذایی تحت تنش کم آبی میتواند منجر به تلفات عملکرد دانه شود و لاینهای گندم میتوانند با افزایش فعالیت آنتیاکسیدان و کاهش تجمع مالون دیآلدهید تحمل خود به شرایط تنش بالا ببرند.
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of water stress on the physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant properties of wheat lines in the form of split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that the water stress in the spike stage of wheat lines had significant effects on the studied traits, and there were genetic differences between the lines in terms of the studied traits except for carotenoid and soluble carbohydrates content. Water deficit stress significantly reduced grain yield (24.8%), and among the studied lines, line 5 had the highest grain yield. Lines 2, 5, and 8 showed the highest chlorophyll a, and b content under stress conditions. Increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and total protein accumulation in leaves of wheat lines were observed during water deficit stress, which was accompanied by increased antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) activity, and the highest activity of antioxidant enzymes was observed in line 9. Also, potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) uptake by wheat lines decreased in water deficit conditions, and there was a difference between wheat lines in terms of the amount of these elements uptake under stress conditions. In general, a decrease in chlorophyll content and nutrient uptake under water deficit stress can lead to loss of grain yield, and wheat lines can increase their tolerance to stress conditions by increasing antioxidant activity and reducing MDA accumulation.
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